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Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society2021; 17(5); 41; doi: 10.1007/s11306-021-01792-5

Dynamics of DHA and EPA supplementation: incorporation into equine plasma, synovial fluid, and surfactant glycerophosphocholines.

Abstract: Horses with asthma or osteoarthritis frequently receive ω-3 fatty acid supplements. Docosahexaenoic (DHA; 22:6) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA; 20:5) acids are essential ω-3 fatty acid precursors of anti-inflammatory mediators and components of structural glycerophospholipids (GPL) that act as reservoirs of these fatty acids. Analysis of the incorporation of dietary DHA + EPA into GPL pools in different body compartments has not been undertaken in horses. We undertook a detailed study of dietary supplementation with DHA + EPA in horses and monitored incorporation into DHA- and EPA-containing glycerophosphocholines (GPC) 38:5, 38:6, 40:5, and 40:6 in plasma, synovial fluid (SF), and surfactant. Horses (n = 20) were randomly assigned to the supplement or control group and evaluated on days 0, 30, 60, and 90. GPC in plasma, SF, and surfactant were measured by high-resolution mass spectrometry with less than 3 ppm mass error. Validation of DHA and EPA incorporation into these GPC was conducted utilizing MS of the [M + Cl] adducts of GPC. Dietary supplementation resulted in augmented levels of GPC 38:5, 38:6, 40:5, and 40:6 in all compartments. Maximum incorporation into GPCs was delayed until 60 days. Significant increases in the levels of GPC 38:5, 40:5, and 40:6, containing docosapentaenoic acid (DPA; 22:5), also was noted. DHA and EPA supplementation results in augmented storage pools of ω-3 essential fatty acids in SF and surfactant GPC. This has the potential to improve the ability of anti-inflammatory mechanisms to resolve inflammatory pathways in these critical compartments involved in arthritis and asthma.
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Publication Date: 2021-04-17 PubMed ID: 33866431PubMed Central: 4913592DOI: 10.1007/s11306-021-01792-5Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research paper explores the effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation, specifically docosahexaenoic (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA) acids, on horses with inflammatory conditions like asthma and osteoarthritis. It investigates how the supplemented fatty acids are incorporated into the body compartments over time and potentially enhance the body’s anti-inflammatory mechanisms.

Objective of Research

  • The main goal of the research is to investigate how dietary supplementation of DHA and EPA, essential omega-3 fatty acids, are incorporated into different body compartments of horses suffering from inflammatory conditions such as osteoarthritis and asthma.

Methodology

  • A total of 20 horses were randomly assigned to either a control group or a supplement group.
  • The progress and effect of the supplementation were monitored and evaluated on days 0, 30, 60 and 90.
  • The incorporation level of DHA and EPA into glycerophosphocholines in plasma, synovial fluid and surfactant were measured using high-resolution mass spectrometry.
  • The study further validated the incorporation of these fatty acids by using mass spectrometry of the adducts of glycerophosphocholines.

Results

  • The research observed that dietary supplementation boosted the levels of DHA and EPA-containing glycerophosphocholines in all body compartments.
  • It was also noted that maximum absorption into the body compartments occurred at the 60-day mark.
  • The study also showed a significant increase in the levels of glycerophosphocholines containing docosapentaenoic acid, another omega-3 fatty acid.

Implications

  • The research suggests that DHA and EPA supplementation can elevate the storage of essential omega-3 fatty acids in synovial fluid and surfactant glycerophosphocholines.
  • Augmented levels of these nutrients can potentially boost the body’s anti-inflammatory mechanisms, thus aiding in the management of inflammatory conditions such as arthritis and asthma in horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Christmann U, Hancock CL, Poole CM, Emery AL, Poovey JR, Hagg C, Mattson EA, Scarborough JJ, Christopher JS, Dixon AT, Craney DJ, Wood PL. (2021). Dynamics of DHA and EPA supplementation: incorporation into equine plasma, synovial fluid, and surfactant glycerophosphocholines. Metabolomics, 17(5), 41. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11306-021-01792-5

Publication

Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society
ISSN: 1573-3890
NlmUniqueID: 101274889
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 17
Issue: 5
Pages: 41

Researcher Affiliations

Christmann, Undine
  • Metabolomics Unit, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, 6965 Cumberland Gap Pkwy, Harrogate, TN, 37752, USA. undine.christmann@lmunet.edu.
Hancock, Courtney L
  • Metabolomics Unit, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, 6965 Cumberland Gap Pkwy, Harrogate, TN, 37752, USA.
Poole, Cathleen M
  • Metabolomics Unit, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, 6965 Cumberland Gap Pkwy, Harrogate, TN, 37752, USA.
Emery, Audrey L
  • Metabolomics Unit, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, 6965 Cumberland Gap Pkwy, Harrogate, TN, 37752, USA.
Poovey, Jesse R
  • Metabolomics Unit, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, 6965 Cumberland Gap Pkwy, Harrogate, TN, 37752, USA.
Hagg, Casey
  • Metabolomics Unit, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, 6965 Cumberland Gap Pkwy, Harrogate, TN, 37752, USA.
Mattson, Eric A
  • Metabolomics Unit, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, 6965 Cumberland Gap Pkwy, Harrogate, TN, 37752, USA.
Scarborough, Jon J
  • DeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, 6965 Cumberland Gap Pkwy, Harrogate, TN, 37752, USA.
Christopher, Jordan S
  • DeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, 6965 Cumberland Gap Pkwy, Harrogate, TN, 37752, USA.
Dixon, Alexander T
  • DeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, 6965 Cumberland Gap Pkwy, Harrogate, TN, 37752, USA.
Craney, Dustin J
  • DeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, 6965 Cumberland Gap Pkwy, Harrogate, TN, 37752, USA.
Wood, Paul L
  • Metabolomics Unit, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, 6965 Cumberland Gap Pkwy, Harrogate, TN, 37752, USA.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Asthma
  • Dietary Supplements
  • Docosahexaenoic Acids
  • Eicosapentaenoic Acid
  • Fatty Acids, Omega-3
  • Horses
  • Lipoproteins
  • Phosphorylation
  • Phosphorylcholine
  • Surface-Active Agents
  • Synovial Fluid

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Citations

This article has been cited 2 times.
  1. Höglund N, Nieminen P, Mustonen AM, Käkelä R, Tollis S, Koho N, Holopainen M, Ruhanen H, Mykkänen A. Fatty acid fingerprints in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and its extracellular vesicles reflect equine asthma severity.. Sci Rep 2023 Jun 17;13(1):9821.
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  2. Wang H, Su S, Wang C, Hu J, Dan W, Peng X. Effects of fish oil-containing nutrition supplementation in adult sepsis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.. Burns Trauma 2022;10:tkac012.
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