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Home / Equine Research Bank / PLoS One / Effect of gallium maltolate on a model of chronic, infected ...
PloS one2020; 15(6); e0235006; doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235006

Effect of gallium maltolate on a model of chronic, infected equine distal limb wounds.

Abstract: Distal limb wounds are common injuries sustained by horses and their healing is fraught with complications due to equine anatomy, prevalence of infection, and challenges associated with wound management. Gallium is a semi-metallic element that has been shown to possess antimicrobial properties and aid in wound healing in various preclinical models. The effects of Gallium have not been studied in equine wound healing. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare healing rates between gallium-treated and untreated wounds of equine distal limbs and to demonstrate the antimicrobial effects of gallium on wounds inoculated with S. aureus. Using an established model of equine wound healing we demonstrated beneficial effects of 0.5% topical gallium maltolate on equine wound healing. Specifically we documented reduced healing times, reduced bioburden, and reduced formation of exuberant granulation tissue in wounds treated with gallium maltolate as compared with untreated wounds. Gallium appeared to exert its beneficial effects via its well-described antimicrobial actions as well as by altering the expression of specific genes known to be involved in wound healing of horses and other animals. Specifically, gallium maltolate appeared to increase expression of transforming growth factor-β in both infected and un-infected wounds. Further work is needed to document the effects of gallium on naturally occurring equine wounds and to compare the effects of gallium with other wound treatment options. These data, however, suggest that gallium may be an attractive and novel means of improving equine distal limb wound healing.
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Publication Date: 2020-06-19 PubMed ID: 32559258PubMed Central: PMC7304909DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235006Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
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  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research investigates the effect of gallium, a semi-metallic element with reported antimicrobial properties, in equine wound healing. Specifically, the study compares healing rates between gallium-treated and untreated wounds on horse limbs, demonstrating that gallium treatment can result in reduced healing times, bacterial presence, and unwanted tissue formation.

Objective of the Research

  • The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of gallium on healing rates in wounds affecting the lower limbs of horses. The research also sought to demonstrate the antimicrobial effects of gallium on wounds infected with S. aureus bacteria.

Methodology and Findings

  • An existing model of horse wound healing was used to investigate the effects of gallium. The experiment involved the application of a 0.5% topical gallium maltolate solution to equine distal limb wounds and comparing the results with untreated wounds.
  • The treatment resulted in a variety of positive outcomes, including shortened healing times, decreased bioburden (the number of bacteria living on a surface that has not been sterilized), and a reduction in the formation of exuberant granulation tissue, which refers to an overgrowth of tissue during the healing process.

How Gallium Works

  • The benefits of gallium appear to arise from its known antimicrobial properties and its ability to modify the expression of specific genes that are involved in the wound healing process in horses and other animals.
  • Particularly, gallium maltolate seemed to increase the expression of transforming growth factor-β in the treated wounds. This factor is critical in the regulation of cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, influencing the overall wound healing process.

Further Research and Considerations

  • The researchers suggest that additional studies are required to observe the effects of gallium on naturally occurring horse wounds and to compare it with other treatment options.
  • Despite the necessity for further research, the data collected in this study suggest that gallium could be an appealing and innovative method to improve the healing process of distal limb wounds in horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Lawless SP, Cohen ND, Lawhon SD, Chamoun-Emanuelli AM, Wu J, Rivera-Vélez A, Weeks BR, Whitfield-Cargile CM. (2020). Effect of gallium maltolate on a model of chronic, infected equine distal limb wounds. PLoS One, 15(6), e0235006. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0235006

Publication

PloS one
ISSN: 1932-6203
NlmUniqueID: 101285081
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 15
Issue: 6
Pages: e0235006

Researcher Affiliations

Lawless, Shauna P
  • Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America.
Cohen, Noah D
  • Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America.
Lawhon, Sara D
  • Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America.
Chamoun-Emanuelli, Ana M
  • Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America.
Wu, Jing
  • Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America.
Rivera-Vélez, Andrés
  • Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America.
Weeks, Brad R
  • Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America.
Whitfield-Cargile, Canaan M
  • Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America.

MeSH Terms

  • Administration, Topical
  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / administration & dosage
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • Bacterial Load
  • Cytokines / genetics
  • Cytokines / metabolism
  • Horse Diseases / drug therapy
  • Horse Diseases / metabolism
  • Horses
  • Leg Injuries / drug therapy
  • Leg Injuries / metabolism
  • Leg Injuries / veterinary
  • Organometallic Compounds / administration & dosage
  • Organometallic Compounds / therapeutic use
  • Pyrones / administration & dosage
  • Pyrones / therapeutic use
  • Staphylococcal Infections / drug therapy
  • Staphylococcal Infections / metabolism
  • Staphylococcal Infections / veterinary
  • Wound Healing

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

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Citations

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