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Parasitology2022; 149(11); 1439-1449; doi: 10.1017/S0031182022000853

Effect of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) on cyathostomin eggs excretion, larval development, larval community structure and efficacy of ivermectin treatment in horses.

Abstract: Alternative strategies to chemical anthelmintics are needed for the sustainable control of equine strongylids. Bioactive forages like sainfoin () could contribute to reducing drug use, with the first hints of activity against cyathostomin free-living stages observed in the past. We analysed the effect of a sainfoin-rich diet on cyathostomin population and the efficacy of oral ivermectin treatment. Two groups of 10 naturally infected horses were enrolled in a 78-day experimental trial. Following a 1-week adaptation period, they were either fed with dehydrated sainfoin pellets (70% of their diet dry matter) or with alfalfa pellets (control group) for 21-days. No difference was found between the average fecal egg counts (FECs) of the two groups, but a significantly lower increase in larval development rate was observed for the sainfoin group, at the end of the trial. Quantification of cyathostomin species abundances with an ITS-2-based metabarcoding approach revealed that the sainfoin diet did not affect the nemabiome structure compared to the control diet. Following oral ivermectin treatment of all horses on day 21, the drug concentration was lower in horses fed with sainfoin, and cyathostomin eggs reappeared earlier in that group. Our results demonstrated that short-term consumption of a sainfoin-rich diet does not decrease cyathostomin FEC but seems to slightly reduce larval development. Consumption of dehydrated sainfoin pellets also negatively affected ivermectin pharmacokinetics, underscoring the need to monitor horse feeding regimes when assessing ivermectin efficacy in the field.
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Publication Date: 2022-06-23 PubMed ID: 35929352PubMed Central: PMC10090777DOI: 10.1017/S0031182022000853Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Veterinary
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research explores the impact of a diet rich in Sainfoin on the development of cyathostomin (horse parasite) larvae and importantly, the efficacy of a frequently used anti-parasitic drug, Ivermectin. The study shows that short-term consumption of Sainfoin does not significantly lower the number of parasite eggs but appears to reduce larval development, and it also affects the concentration of ivermectin in horses.

Research Objectives and Setup

  • This study sought to provide an alternative approach to the use of chemical deworming treatment in horses. Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia), a forage plant, was administered in horse diets to potentially serve as a natural deworming agent.
  • The study included 20 horses that were naturally infected with the parasites. They were divided into two groups – one was fed a diet consisting of 70% dehydrated Sainfoin pallets, while the other group (control group) was fed Alfalfa pellets for a period of 21 days.

Results on Sainfoin and Cyathostomin Interaction

  • The research found no difference in the average number of eggs (FECs – fecal egg counts) produced by the parasitic worm, Cyathostomin, in both groups of horses. This implies that the consumption of sainfoin did not significantly decrease the reproduction of the parasites.
  • However, a slower rate of larval development was observed in the group of horses that were fed with Sainfoin. This suggests that while Sainfoin may not affect the reproduction of the parasites, it can potentially slow down their growth.

Implications for Ivermectin Treatment

  • The study also gauged the impact of the Sainfoin diet on the effectiveness of Ivermectin – a frequently used drug to treat horse parasites.
  • The results showed that after administering Ivermectin, the drug concentration in the blood of horses fed with Sainfoin was lower. As a result, recurrence of cyathostomin eggs was noticed earlier in this group of horses.
  • This implies that the consumption of Sainfoin could interfere with the effectiveness of Ivermectin treatment, highlighting the need for closely monitoring the diet of horses when the drug is being administered to them.

This research provides valuable insights into the potential effects of natural deworming alternatives on the life cycle of horse parasites and therapeutics. It emphasizes a careful assessment of feeding regimes for horses subjected to anti-parasitic treatments to ensure maximum effectiveness.

Cite This Article

APA
Malsa J, Courtot É, Boisseau M, Dumont B, Gombault P, Kuzmina TA, Basiaga M, Lluch J, Annonay G, Dhorne-Pollet S, Mach N, Sutra JF, Wimel L, Dubois C, Guégnard F, Serreau D, Lespine A, Sallé G, Fleurance G. (2022). Effect of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) on cyathostomin eggs excretion, larval development, larval community structure and efficacy of ivermectin treatment in horses. Parasitology, 149(11), 1439-1449. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182022000853

Publication

Parasitology
ISSN: 1469-8161
NlmUniqueID: 0401121
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 149
Issue: 11
Pages: 1439-1449

Researcher Affiliations

Malsa, Joshua
  • INRAE, Université de Tours, UMR 1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, Nouzilly, France.
Courtot, Élise
  • INRAE, Université de Tours, UMR 1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, Nouzilly, France.
Boisseau, Michel
  • INRAE, Université de Tours, UMR 1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, Nouzilly, France.
Dumont, Bertrand
  • INRAE, Université Clermont Auvergne, VetAgro Sup, UMR 1213 Herbivores, Saint-Genès Champanelle, France.
Gombault, Pascale
  • Multifolia, Viâpres-le-Petit, France.
Kuzmina, Tetiana A
  • Department of Parasitology, I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.
Basiaga, Marta
  • Department of Zoology and Animal Welfare, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agriculture in Kraków, 24/28 Mickiewicza Av., 30-059 Kraków, Poland.
Lluch, Jérôme
  • GeT-PlaGe, INRAE, Genotoul, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
Annonay, Gwenolah
  • GeT-PlaGe, INRAE, Genotoul, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
Dhorne-Pollet, Sophie
  • Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France.
Mach, Nuria
  • IHAP, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Toulouse Cedex 3, 31076, France.
Sutra, Jean-François
  • INTHERES, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Toulouse Cedex 3, 31076, France.
Wimel, Laurence
  • IFCE, Plateau technique de la Station Expérimentale, Chamberet, France.
Dubois, Cédric
  • IFCE, Plateau technique de la Station Expérimentale, Chamberet, France.
Guégnard, Fabrice
  • INRAE, Université de Tours, UMR 1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, Nouzilly, France.
Serreau, Delphine
  • INRAE, Université de Tours, UMR 1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, Nouzilly, France.
Lespine, Anne
  • INTHERES, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Toulouse Cedex 3, 31076, France.
Sallé, Guillaume
  • INRAE, Université de Tours, UMR 1282 Infectiologie et Santé Publique, Nouzilly, France.
Fleurance, Géraldine
  • INRAE, Université Clermont Auvergne, VetAgro Sup, UMR 1213 Herbivores, Saint-Genès Champanelle, France.
  • IFCE, Pôle Développement Innovation et Recherche, Exmes, France.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Anthelmintics / pharmacology
  • Diet / veterinary
  • Fabaceae / chemistry
  • Feces
  • Horses
  • Ivermectin / pharmacology
  • Larva
  • Parasite Egg Count / veterinary

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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