Effects of exercise and glucose administration on content of insulin-sensitive glucose transporter in equine skeletal muscle.
Abstract: To characterize insulin-sensitive glucose-transporter (GLUT-4) protein in equine tissues and determine effects of exercise and glucose administration on content of GLUT-4 protein in equine skeletal muscle. Methods: Tissue samples from 9 horses. Methods: Western blot analyses were performed on crude membrane preparations of equine tissues to characterize GLUT-4. In a crossover, randomized study, horses were strenuously exercised for 3 consecutive days and then administered 13.5% glucose or isotonic saline (0.9% NaCl; control) solution, i.v., at similar infusion rates for 12.1 hours. Samples were collected from the middle gluteal muscle before and after exercise and 10.1 hours after completion of an infusion and used for measurements of glycogen concentration and total content of GLUT-4 protein. Results: Immunoblot analyses detected specifically immunoreactive bands for GLUT-4 in insulin-sensitive tissues. Content of GLUT-4 protein in skeletal muscle increased significantly by 27.3 and 12.3% 22.2 hours after exercise for control and glucose groups, respectively. Intravenous infusion of glucose resulted in a significantly higher rate of glycogenesis, compared with results for the control group (mean +/- SD, 3.98 +/- 0.61 and 1.47 +/- 0.20 mmol/kg/h, respectively). Despite enhanced glycogenesis, we did not detect an increase in content of GLUT-4 protein after glucose infusion, compared with values after exercise. Conclusions: GLUT-4 protein was expressed in equine skeletal and cardiac muscles. Exercise increased total content of GLUT-4 protein in skeletal muscle, and replenishment of muscle glycogen stores after glucose infusion attenuated the exercise-induced increase in the content of GLUT-4 protein in equine skeletal muscle.
Publication Date: 2003-12-16 PubMed ID: 14672428DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.2003.64.1500Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research article investigates the effects of exercise and glucose administration on the level of insulin-sensitive glucose transporter (GLUT-4) protein in equine muscle tissue.
Study Methodology
- Tissue samples were obtained from nine horses for this study.
- Western blot analyses were carried out on crude membrane preparations of equine tissues to identify GLUT-4 protein.
- For the main study, a randomized cross-over design was used. In this phase, the horses were subjected to strenuous exercise for three straight days. Subsequently, they received either a 13.5% glucose solution or a control solution of isotonic saline (0.9% NaCl) intravenously. Both solutions were administered at similar rates for 12.1 hours.
- Before and after exercise, and at 10.1 hours after the end of solution infusion, samples from the horse’s middle gluteal muscle were collected. These samples were then utilized to measure the glycogen concentration and total content of GLUT-4 protein.
Study Results
- Immunoblot testing revealed specific immunoreactive bands for GLUT-4 in insulin-sensitive body tissues.
- The researchers noted a significant increase in GLUT-4 protein content in equine skeletal muscle after exercise. For the control group, the increase was 27.3%, while the glucose group saw an increase of 12.3%, 22.2 hours post-exercise.
- Intravenous glucose infusion led to a higher rate of glycogen formation, which was significantly more compared to the control group.
- Interestingly, despite this enhanced glycogen formation, the researchers did not observe a subsequent increase in GLUT-4 protein content following glucose infusion.
Conclusion
- The study confirmed that GLUT-4 protein is present in equine skeletal and cardiac muscles.
- Exercise was found to increase total GLUT-4 protein content in equine skeletal muscle.
- The researchers also noticed that replenishing muscle glycogen stores following glucose infusion seemed to diminish the increase in GLUT-4 protein content brought on by exercise in equine skeletal muscle.
Cite This Article
APA
Lacombe VA, Hinchcliff KW, Devor ST.
(2003).
Effects of exercise and glucose administration on content of insulin-sensitive glucose transporter in equine skeletal muscle.
Am J Vet Res, 64(12), 1500-1506.
https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.2003.64.1500 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Blotting, Western
- Glucose / pharmacology
- Glucose Transporter Type 4
- Horses / physiology
- Monosaccharide Transport Proteins / drug effects
- Monosaccharide Transport Proteins / physiology
- Muscle Proteins
- Muscle, Skeletal / physiology
- Physical Conditioning, Animal / physiology
Citations
This article has been cited 10 times.- Vidal Moreno de Vega C, Lemmens D, de Meeûs d'Argenteuil C, Boshuizen B, de Maré L, Leybaert L, Goethals K, de Oliveira JE, Hosotani G, Deforce D, Van Nieuwerburgh F, Devisscher L, Delesalle C. Dynamics of training and acute exercise-induced shifts in muscular glucose transporter (GLUT) 4, 8, and 12 expression in locomotion versus posture muscles in healthy horses. Front Physiol 2023;14:1256217.
- Shoop S, Maria Z, Campolo A, Rashdan N, Martin D, Lovern P, Lacombe VA. Glial Growth Factor 2 Regulates Glucose Transport in Healthy Cardiac Myocytes and During Myocardial Infarction via an Akt-Dependent Pathway. Front Physiol 2019;10:189.
- de Laat MA, Hampson BA, Sillence MN, Pollitt CC. Sustained, Low-Intensity Exercise Achieved by a Dynamic Feeding System Decreases Body Fat in Ponies. J Vet Intern Med 2016 Sep;30(5):1732-1738.
- Jackson EE, Rendina-Ruedy E, Smith BJ, Lacombe VA. Loss of Toll-Like Receptor 4 Function Partially Protects against Peripheral and Cardiac Glucose Metabolic Derangements During a Long-Term High-Fat Diet. PLoS One 2015;10(11):e0142077.
- de Laat MA, Gruntmeir KJ, Pollitt CC, McGowan CM, Sillence MN, Lacombe VA. Hyperinsulinemia Down-Regulates TLR4 Expression in the Mammalian Heart. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2014;5:120.
- Lacombe VA. Expression and regulation of facilitative glucose transporters in equine insulin-sensitive tissue: from physiology to pathology. ISRN Vet Sci 2014;2014:409547.
- Johnson PJ, Wiedmeyer CE, LaCarrubba A, Ganjam VK, Messer NT 4th. Diabetes, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome in horses. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2012 May 1;6(3):534-40.
- Giri JK, Magdesian KG, Gaffney PM. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus associated with presumed autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome in a mare. Can Vet J 2011 May;52(5):506-12.
- Ware B, Bevier M, Nishijima Y, Rogers S, Carnes CA, Lacombe VA. Chronic heart failure selectively induces regional heterogeneity of insulin-responsive glucose transporters. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2011 Nov;301(5):R1300-6.
- Waller AP, Kohler K, Burns TA, Mudge MC, Belknap JK, Lacombe VA. Naturally occurring compensated insulin resistance selectively alters glucose transporters in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues without change in AS160 activation. Biochim Biophys Acta 2011 Sep;1812(9):1098-103.
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