[Efficient drug forms and the means for using them in the intensive raising of animals].

This research article discusses the use of efficient drug forms for treatment, prevention, and control of diseases in intensively farmed animals. Various types of these drug delivery systems, such as OROS, liquid reservoir, glass cylinders and various forms of tablets, are explored for their specific applications in different types of animals (ruminants and monogastric).

Therapeutic Formulae and Systems

• The research mentions ‘therapeutic systems’ – these refer to methods or mechanisms used to manage animals’ health. They’re efficient ways to deliver medications and produce prophylactic (preventive), metaphylactic (control), and curative effects.
• Such systems aim at minimizing labor and handling of animals, thus reducing stress.
• The document pays particular attention to ‘sustained release forms’ – medications designed to release their active ingredients progressively over time, according to the needs of the animal. Examples of these include ‘OROS’ (oral osmotic systems), ‘liquid reservoir’ systems, ‘glass cylinder’ systems, and various types of tablets.

Application of Drug Forms

• The document mentions various types of drug forms designed for specific uses in ruminants (animals that ferment food in a specialized stomach before digestion, like cows and sheep). These include boluses of higher relative weight, multilayer tablets, and other specialized forms like extendable wings, inflatable ones, and floating types.
• For monogastric animals (those with a single stomach, like humans and pigs), specific drug forms are also mentioned.
• Horses are noted to be treated with a specific form referred to as ‘the hollow bridle’.

Resorptive Therapeutic Use

• ‘Resorptive application’ refers to the administration of drugs through the skin, or mucous membranes, where they are absorbed into the bloodstream. Examples given in the document include ear swabs, ocular (eye), nasal, and vaginal forms.
• Transmembrane Therapeutic Systems (TTS) are mentioned – these involve drugs being absorbed through the skin for systemic distribution.

Other Drug Forms

• Several other drug forms and delivery methods are discussed including pour-on and spot-on forms, osmotic mini-pumps termed ‘autodas’, depot-forms, implants, aerosol inhalation forms, ear rings (ear tags), dewlaps, and rings for tails, limbs, and ears.
• There’s also mention of medicated feeds and liquids, which are direct methods of administering drugs to animals through their food or drink.
• The research also looks at intramammary (inside the mammary gland), intrauterine and other therapeutic forms, which are mostly used for specific conditions that require direct administration at the site of the issue.