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Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine2022; 12(1); a038331; doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a038331

Equine Influenza.

Abstract: Horses are the third major mammalian species, along with humans and swine, long known to be subject to acute upper respiratory disease from influenza A virus infection. The viruses responsible are subtype H7N7, which is believed extinct, and H3N8, which circulates worldwide. The equine influenza lineages are clearly divergent from avian influenza lineages of the same subtypes. Their genetic evolution and potential for interspecies transmission, as well as clinical features and epidemiology, are discussed. Equine influenza is spread internationally and vaccination is central to control efforts. The current mechanism of international surveillance and virus strain recommendations for vaccines is described.
Copyright © 2022 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press; all rights reserved.
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Publication Date: 2022-01-04 PubMed ID: 32152243PubMed Central: PMC8725621DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a038331Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article explores the evolution, transmission, clinical characteristics, epidemiology, and control of equine influenza, a respiratory disease caused primarily by the H3N8 influenza A virus that affects horses worldwide.

Understanding Equine Influenza

  • Equine influenza is a significant respiratory disease predominantly caused by the subtype H3N8 of the influenza A virus. H7N7 is another subtype associated with this disease, but it is currently believed to be extinct.
  • The influenza strains affecting horses are notably different from avian influenza strains of the same subtypes, indicating a clear divergence in their evolutionary paths.
  • The disease affects horses and is prevalent globally, making it a major concern for the equine industry.

Transmission and Clinical Parameters

  • The paper discusses the genetic evolution of the virus and its potential for transmission between species. Interspecies transmission is a key area of concern for disease control and prevention.
  • Furthermore, it outlines the clinical features expressing the symptoms and severity of the illness, facilitating the understanding of its impact on the affected population.
  • A critical insight provided is the epidemiology of the equine influenza, explicating its distribution, patterns, and determinants in the horse population across the world.

Vaccine Development and Disease Control

  • Vaccination is identified as a central tool in controlling the spread of equine influenza.
  • The research provides details on the protocol of international surveillance to monitor the disease’s prevalence and inform strategic response mechanisms.
  • The currently recommended virus strains for the production of vaccines are also discussed, signaling ongoing efforts in combating the disease.

Cite This Article

APA
Chambers TM. (2022). Equine Influenza. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med, 12(1), a038331. https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a038331

Publication

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine
ISSN: 2157-1422
NlmUniqueID: 101571139
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 12
Issue: 1
PII: a038331

Researcher Affiliations

Chambers, Thomas M
  • Department of Veterinary Science, Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, USA.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Horses
  • Humans
  • Influenza A Virus, H3N8 Subtype / genetics
  • Influenza A Virus, H7N7 Subtype
  • Influenza A virus
  • Influenza, Human / epidemiology
  • Influenza, Human / prevention & control
  • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / epidemiology
  • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / veterinary
  • Swine

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