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Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity2015; 2016; 4710326; doi: 10.1155/2016/4710326

Equine Metabolic Syndrome Affects Viability, Senescence, and Stress Factors of Equine Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Stem Cells: New Insight into EqASCs Isolated from EMS Horses in the Context of Their Aging.

Abstract: Currently, equine metabolic syndrome (EMS), an endocrine disease linked to insulin resistance, affects an increasing number of horses. However, little is known about the effect of EMS on mesenchymal stem cells that reside in adipose tissue (ASC). Thus it is crucial to evaluate the viability and growth kinetics of these cells, particularly in terms of their application in regenerative medicine. In this study, we investigated the proliferative capacity, morphological features, and accumulation of oxidative stress factors in mesenchymal stem cells isolated from healthy animals (ASCN) and horses suffering from EMS (ASCEMS). ASCEMS displayed senescent phenotype associated with β-galactosidase accumulation, enlarged cell bodies and nuclei, increased apoptosis, and reduced heterochromatin architecture. Moreover, we observed increased amounts of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in these cells, accompanied by reduced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. We also found in ASCEMS an elevated number of impaired mitochondria, characterized by membrane raptures, disarrayed cristae, and vacuole formation. Our results suggest that the toxic compounds, accumulating in the mitochondria under oxidative stress, lead to alternations in their morphology and may be partially responsible for the senescent phenotype and decreased proliferation potential of ASCEMS.
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Publication Date: 2015-11-22 PubMed ID: 26682006PubMed Central: PMC4670679DOI: 10.1155/2016/4710326Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

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The research article explores how equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) impacts the function and vitality of fat-derived mesenchymal stem cells in horses. The findings reveal understanding the impact of EMS on these stem cells, key to regenerative medicine, is crucial due to the stem cells displaying signs of aging and reduced proliferation potential.

Objective

The primary aim of the research was to investigate the effect of equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) on adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASC). The researchers examined the proliferative abilities, morphological characteristics and accumulation of oxidative stress factors in these cells, which were isolated from healthy horses and horses suffering from EMS.

Methodology

  • The researchers compared stem cells derived from healthy animals (ASCN) to those isolated from horses suffering from EMS (ASCEMS).
  • The study included evaluating the viability and growth kinetics of these cells.
  • Furthermore, they examined the morphological features and the accumulation of oxidative stress factors – nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) – in these cells.
  • The scientists also observed the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzyme that helps break down potentially harmful oxygen molecules in cells, which might prevent damage to tissues.

Findings

  • The ASCEMS showed traits of senescence, such as increased β-galactosidase accumulation, enlarged cell bodies and nuclei.
  • These cells also demonstrated an increased rate of apoptosis and decreased heterochromatin architecture, both signs of aging.
  • Nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were found in increased amounts in these cells, alongside a reduction in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity.
  • The researchers found a high number of damaged mitochondria in ASCEMS, characterized by membrane ruptures, disordered cristae, and vacuole formation.
  • Furthermore, a link was established between the toxic compounds (caused by oxidative stress) in the mitochondria, and their alternated morphology, suggesting that these compounds could be partially responsible for the senescent phenotype and decreased proliferation potential of ASCEMS.

Implications

  • This study allows for greater understanding of the deleterious effects of EMS on mesenchymal stem cells and how it can impede their usefulness in regenerative medicine.
  • These findings also suggest the need for further research on treating the effects of EMS on these cells or developing ways to mitigate oxidative stress in order to preserve the functionality and vitality of these stem cells, crucial for cell repair and regeneration in horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Marycz K, Kornicka K, Basinska K, Czyrek A. (2015). Equine Metabolic Syndrome Affects Viability, Senescence, and Stress Factors of Equine Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Stem Cells: New Insight into EqASCs Isolated from EMS Horses in the Context of Their Aging. Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2016, 4710326. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/4710326

Publication

Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity
ISSN: 1942-0994
NlmUniqueID: 101479826
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 2016
Pages: 4710326
PII: 4710326

Researcher Affiliations

Marycz, Krzysztof
  • Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kozuchowska 5b, 51-631 Wroclaw, Poland ; Wroclaw Research Centre EIT+, 54-066 Wroclaw, Poland.
Kornicka, Katarzyna
  • Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kozuchowska 5b, 51-631 Wroclaw, Poland.
Basinska, Katarzyna
  • Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kozuchowska 5b, 51-631 Wroclaw, Poland.
Czyrek, Aleksandra
  • Wroclaw Research Centre EIT+, 54-066 Wroclaw, Poland.

MeSH Terms

  • Adipose Tissue / metabolism
  • Adipose Tissue / pathology
  • Aging / metabolism
  • Aging / pathology
  • Animals
  • Cell Survival
  • Cellular Senescence
  • Horse Diseases / metabolism
  • Horse Diseases / pathology
  • Horses
  • Insulin Resistance
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cells / metabolism
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cells / pathology
  • Metabolic Syndrome / metabolism
  • Metabolic Syndrome / pathology

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Citations

This article has been cited 62 times.
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