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Home / Equine Research Bank / Animals (Basel) / Equine Stomach Development in the Foetal Period of Prenatal ...
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI2022; 12(21); doi: 10.3390/ani12213047

Equine Stomach Development in the Foetal Period of Prenatal Life-A Histological and Histometric Study.

Abstract: Histological and morphometrical analysis of the stomach wall was performed during the foetal period divided into three age groups (4th-11th month of gestation). The material was taken from non-glandular (the blind ventricular sac) and glandular parts (the plicated edge margin/cardiac part, the body of stomach and the pyloric part) of the stomach. It was preserved and prepared according to the standard protocol. The histological slides were stained (H-E, Masson-Goldner and PAS). The analyses were performed using the light microscope. All measurements were statistically elaborated. The crown-rump length growth rate was estimated as isometric. The blind ventricular sac growth rate was lower than CRL (negative allometric) and the partition of stomach mucosa into non-glandular and glandular part occurred in the 1st age group. The plicated edge margin/cardiac part and the pyloric part shoved similar tendencies. Only the body of stomach demonstrated a higher growth rate than CRL (positive allometric), which can be explained due to the strongest development of fundic glands. Moreover, comparing the adult reference group to the three parts of the foetal period, all metric values were lower than those achieved prenatally. The blind ventricular sac was covered with the multiple plane epithelium. The glandular parts of stomach that formed the superficial concave areas were covered with the simple columnar epithelium in the 1st age group, which developed to the cardiac, fundic, and pyloric glands in the 2rd and 3rd age groups. The propria mucosae was built with the mesenchyme, which differentiated later to the loose connective tissue. The muscular layer of mucosa was not clearly distinguishable in the 1st age group. The muscular layer of the stomach wall was formed with myoblasts in the 1st age group and later in the 2nd and the 3rd age groups built with fusiform myocytes divided into internal and external layers. The non-differentiated cells of glandular epithelium transformed into the parietal and chief cells. The first were visible in the gastric glands of the 2nd age group. Both of them were present in the 3rd age group gastric mucosa. The PAS staining proved a moderate PAS-positive reaction in the 2rd age group, while it was estimated as intense Pas-positive in the gastric glands in the 3rd age group and was comparable to postnatal observation (the adult reference group).
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Publication Date: 2022-11-06 PubMed ID: 36359171PubMed Central: PMC9656738DOI: 10.3390/ani12213047Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research studied the development of horse stomach walls during different stages of gestation, revealing different growth rates and cell transformation processes in various parts of the stomach.

Research Method

  • The researchers performed histological and morphometrical analyses on the stomach walls of horse fetuses divided into three age groups (4th-11th month of gestation).
  • They used the standard protocol to preserve and prepare samples taken from the non-glandular (the blind ventricular sac) and glandular parts (the plicated edge margin/cardiac part, the body of the stomach, and the pyloric part) of the stomach for analysis.
  • The samples were stained using H-E, Masson-Goldner, and PAS, then observed using a light microscope.
  • All measurements and findings were statistically elaborated.

Findings

  • The crown-rump length growth rate was estimated as isometric, while the blind ventricular sac growth rate was lower, and the body of the stomach demonstrated a higher growth rate.
  • The partition of stomach mucosa into non-glandular and glandular parts occurred in the 1st age group.
  • The plicated edge margin/cardiac part and the pyloric part showed similar growth tendencies.
  • The strong development of fundic glands explains the higher growth rate of the body.
  • The blind ventricular sac was covered with multiple plane epithelium, developing into cardiac, fundic, and pyloric glands in the 2nd and 3rd age groups.
  • The muscular layer of mucosa was not clearly distinguishable in the 1st age group. It was formed with myoblasts in the 1st age group and later developed into fusiform myocytes divided into internal and external layers.
  • The non-differentiated cells of glandular epithelium transformed into the parietal and chief cells, visible in the gastric glands of the 2nd age group and present in the 3rd age group gastric mucosa.
  • PAS staining proved a moderate PAS-positive reaction in the 2nd age group, while it was estimated as intense PAS-positive in the gastric glands in the 3rd age group.

Conclusions

  • The findings of this research provide valuable information regarding the prenatal development of the horse stomach, demonstrating the transition and growth processes that occur in different parts of the stomach during gestation.
  • The data can be beneficial for veterinarians and horse breeders in understanding the physiological changes happening during the equine gestation period.

Cite This Article

APA
Poradowski D, Chrószcz A. (2022). Equine Stomach Development in the Foetal Period of Prenatal Life-A Histological and Histometric Study. Animals (Basel), 12(21). https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12213047

Publication

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
NlmUniqueID: 101635614
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 12
Issue: 21

Researcher Affiliations

Poradowski, Dominik
  • Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Division of Animal Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kożuchowska 1, 51-631 Wrocław, Poland.
Chrószcz, Aleksander
  • Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Division of Animal Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kożuchowska 1, 51-631 Wrocław, Poland.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 1 times.
  1. Poradowski D, Chrószcz A. Equine Stomach Development in the Foetal Period of Prenatal Life-An Immunohistochemical Study. Animals (Basel) 2022 Dec 31;13(1).
    doi: 10.3390/ani13010161pubmed: 36611768google scholar: lookup
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