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Equine viral arteritis: current status and prevention.
Abstract: Recently, there has been increased interest in equine viral arteritis (EVA) among veterinarians and horse owners. Outbreaks of the disease were identified initially in New Mexico, USA in 2006, and in the Normandy region of France in the summer of 2007. Both occurrences were associated with AI of cool-shipped semen. Each was linked to respiratory illness, neonatal death, abortion, development of carrier stallions, and cancellation of equestrian events. In light of the increased interest, this paper will present a brief case history, followed by a review addressing common concerns regarding EVA, current status, and control and prevention strategies, including vaccination, and recommended bio-security measures.
Publication Date: 2008-05-27 PubMed ID: 18502495DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.04.020Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
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The research article investigates equine viral arteritis (EVA), its current status in recent years, and possible prevention methodologies, such as vaccination and biosafety measures, given recent disease outbreaks in the USA and France closely linked to artificially inseminated cool-shipped semen.
Overview of Equine Viral Arteritis
- Equine viral arteritis (EVA) is a horse disease that has caught the attention of veterinarians and horse owners due to notably increased outbreaks.
- The disease has caused various severe impacts among horses, including respiratory illness, neonatal deaths, abortion, development of carrier stallions, and even the cancellation of equestrian events.
- The disease came into the limelight following significant outbreaks in New Mexico, the USA in 2006, and Normandy, France in 2007. The common denominator in these outbreaks was the use of artificially inseminated (AI) cool-shipped semen.
Case Study on EVA
- The research paper outlines a brief case history addressing the recent breaks and links a pattern in the way the disease spread in different locations.
- This helps to understand the transmission modes of the virus and lays the groundwork for managing the disease effectively.
Addressing Concerns About EVA
- The paper goes ahead to tackle common anxieties veterinarians and horse owners might have about EVA by answering questions and clearing misunderstandings about the disease.
- This approach alleviates fear while educating the public about the nature of EVA, its symptoms, and effects.
Current Status of EVA
- The research article discusses EVA’s present state, probably at the geographical level and how it has morphed over time.
- A current status report helps in risk assessment and can inform future strategies to control the disease.
Control and Prevention Strategies for EVA
- Prevention and control measures are vital in dealing with EVA, and they form a significant part of the research paper.
- The article emphasizes the role of vaccinations in prevention and suggests bio-security measures to mitigate the disease’s spread.
- Such strategies are crucial in the effective management of EVA on the individual and public health levels.
Cite This Article
APA
Holyoak GR, Balasuriya UB, Broaddus CC, Timoney PJ.
(2008).
Equine viral arteritis: current status and prevention.
Theriogenology, 70(3), 403-414.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.04.020 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA. reed.holyoak@okstate.edu
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral / blood
- Arterivirus Infections / epidemiology
- Arterivirus Infections / prevention & control
- Arterivirus Infections / veterinary
- Disease Outbreaks
- Equidae
- Female
- Horse Diseases / epidemiology
- Horse Diseases / prevention & control
- Horses
- Male
- Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral / veterinary
- Viral Vaccines / administration & dosage
- Viral Vaccines / immunology
Citations
This article has been cited 5 times.- Mayers J, Westcott D, Steinbach F. Identification of Equine Arteritis Virus Immunodominant Epitopes Using a Peptide Microarray. Viruses 2022 Aug 26;14(9).
- Chen Q, Zhou J, Yang Z, Guo J, Liu Z, Sun X, Jiang Q, Fang L, Wang D, Xiao S. An intermolecular salt bridge linking substrate binding and P1 substrate specificity switch of arterivirus 3C-like proteases. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022;20:3409-3421.
- van Kasteren PB, Bailey-Elkin BA, James TW, Ninaber DK, Beugeling C, Khajehpour M, Snijder EJ, Mark BL, Kikkert M. Deubiquitinase function of arterivirus papain-like protease 2 suppresses the innate immune response in infected host cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013 Feb 26;110(9):E838-47.
- Go YY, Bailey E, Timoney PJ, Shuck KM, Balasuriya UB. Evidence that in vitro susceptibility of CD3+ T lymphocytes to equine arteritis virus infection reflects genetic predisposition of naturally infected stallions to become carriers of the virus. J Virol 2012 Nov;86(22):12407-10.
- Pagamjav O, Kobayashi K, Murakami H, Tabata Y, Miura Y, Boldbaatar B, Sentsui H. Serological survey of equine viral diseases in Mongolia. Microbiol Immunol 2011 Apr;55(4):289-92.
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