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Journal of the Royal Society, Interface2014; 11(92); 20131058; doi: 10.1098/rsif.2013.1058

Fascicles from energy-storing tendons show an age-specific response to cyclic fatigue loading.

Abstract: Some tendons, such as the human Achilles and equine superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT), act as energy stores, stretching and recoiling to increase efficiency during locomotion. Our previous observations of rotation in response to applied strain in SDFT fascicles suggest a helical structure, which may provide energy-storing tendons with a greater ability to extend and recoil efficiently. Despite this specialization, energy-storing tendons are prone to age-related tendinopathy. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of cyclic fatigue loading (FL) on the microstructural strain response of SDFT fascicles from young and old horses. The data demonstrate two independent age-related mechanisms of fatigue failure; in young horses, FL caused low levels of matrix damage and decreased rotation. This suggests that loading causes alterations to the helix substructure, which may reduce their ability to recoil and recover. By contrast, fascicles from old horses, in which the helix is already compromised, showed greater evidence of matrix damage and suffer increased fibre sliding after FL, which may partially explain the age-related increase in tendinopathy. Elucidation of helix structure and the precise alterations occurring owing to both ageing and FL will help to develop appropriate preventative and repair strategies for tendinopathy.
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Publication Date: 2014-01-08 PubMed ID: 24402919PubMed Central: PMC3899876DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2013.1058Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research explores how certain tendons, specifically in humans and horses, respond to cyclical fatigue loading at different ages, revealing two distinct age-related mechanisms of fatigue failure. These findings could help in understanding and developing treatment strategies for age-related tendinopathy.

Study Objectives

  • The primary goal of the research was to examine the impact of cyclic fatigue loading (FL) on the microstructural strain reactions of superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) fascicles in both young and old horses.
  • Further objectives included understanding the structure of the SDFT fascicles and identifying the changes that occur due to ageing and fatigue load (FL).

Findings and Implications

  • The research found two separate age-related mechanisms of fatigue failure. In younger horses, fatigue loading led to minor levels of matrix damage and reduced rotation, suggesting changes to the helix substructure that could lessen the ability to recover and recoil.
  • Conversely, in older horses, where the helix is already compromised, the fascicles showed more significant matrix damage and increased fibre sliding post-FL. This result could partly explain the increase in tendinopathy associated with ageing.
  • The understanding of these alterations due to ageing and FL is vital in developing preventive measures and repair strategies for tendinopathy, a common ailment in horses and humans alike.

Research Methods and Approach

  • The study carried out a comparison by subjecting the fascicles within the tendons of both young and older horses to cyclic fatigue loading to observe changes in the structure and performance of the tendons.
  • The observation was also hinged on understanding the helical structure of these tendons, which aids their function as energy stores, enhancing efficiency during movement.

Research Significance

  • The exploration into the age-related changes in tendons concerning fatigue loading is a crucial step in understanding the development and possible prevention of age-related tendinopathy.
  • The identification of two distinct fatigue failure mechanisms dependent on age provides new insights into the behaviour of tendons under stress, and why such issues become more prevalent as they age.

Cite This Article

APA
Thorpe CT, Riley GP, Birch HL, Clegg PD, Screen HR. (2014). Fascicles from energy-storing tendons show an age-specific response to cyclic fatigue loading. J R Soc Interface, 11(92), 20131058. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2013.1058

Publication

Journal of the Royal Society, Interface
ISSN: 1742-5662
NlmUniqueID: 101217269
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 11
Issue: 92
Pages: 20131058
PII: 20131058

Researcher Affiliations

Thorpe, Chavaunne T
  • Institute of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, , Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK.
Riley, Graham P
    Birch, Helen L
      Clegg, Peter D
        Screen, Hazel R C

          MeSH Terms

          • Age Factors
          • Analysis of Variance
          • Animals
          • Biomechanical Phenomena
          • Elastic Modulus
          • Energy Transfer / physiology
          • Horse Diseases / etiology
          • Horse Diseases / pathology
          • Horses
          • Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
          • Materials Testing
          • Microscopy, Confocal
          • Muscle Fatigue / physiology
          • Tendinopathy / etiology
          • Tendinopathy / pathology
          • Tendinopathy / veterinary
          • Tendons / physiology

          Grant Funding

          • MR/K006312/1 / Medical Research Council

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