Fetal lesions of EHV-1 in equine.
Abstract: EHV-1 infection is responsible for huge economic losses in equines due to abortion and neonatal mortality. In this study, we describe 4 cases of abortion and neonatal deaths from pregnant mares and a she-donkey from different localities in Egypt during the period from May 2015 to October 2017. Attempts were made to isolate and identify EHV-1, in addition to compare the different pathological lesions in various tissues of the necropsied cases. EHV-1 was successfully isolated from two aborted fetuses and one dead neonatal foal from mares, beside one aborted fetus from a she-donkey. The positive cases showed cytopathic effect on embryonated chicken eggs scattered on chorioallantoic membrane. Moreover, PCR was applied for the pock lesions and revealed positive results for EHV-1. Interstitial pneumonia, bronchopneumonia and necrosis of hepatic, myocardial, microcotyledonary tissues besides disseminated thrombi were the main encountered lesions. Intranuclear inclusion bodies were demonstrated in brain, liver, placenta and pulmonary tissues. Here, we describe EHV-1 induced brain lesions represented by degenerated neurons, vascular endotheliosis with intranuclear inclusion bodies in the aborted she-donkey fetus. Lesions were more sever in the aborted fetuses from mares than the one from the she-donkey. EHV-1 antigen was detected by immunohistochemistry staining.
Publication Date: 2020-09-18 PubMed ID: 32965312DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202020180837Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The research article discusses a study on the effects of Equine Herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) causing abortion and neonatal deaths in pregnant mares and she-donkeys in Egypt over a period of two years.
Objective and Methodology
- The objective of this research was to investigate the impact of EHV-1 infection, a common virus causing considerable economic losses in the equine industry due to high rates of abortion and neonatal deaths.
- The research was carried out over a two-year period from 2015 to 2017 in Egypt, where EHV-1 has previously caused significant problems for local equine populations.
- The research focused on isolating and identifying EHV-1 in aborted fetuses and deceased neonatal foals, in addition to comparing the different pathological lesions in various tissues of the documented cases.
Findings
- The EHV-1 virus was successfully isolated from two aborted fetuses and one deceased neonatal foal from mares, as well as from one aborted fetus from a she-donkey.
- The affected cases exhibited a cytopathic effect on embryonated chicken eggs (‘pock’ lesions).
- Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was employed to provide genetic identification of these pock lesions, revealing positive results for EHV-1.
Evidence of Lesions and Severity
- The study found evidence of interstitial pneumonia, bronchopneumonia, liver necrosis, myocardial necrosis, microcotyledonary tissues necrosis, and widespread thrombi as primary lesions caused by the virus.
- Intranuclear inclusion bodies were found in brain, liver, placenta, and lung tissues, suggesting a systemic viral infection.
- Specifically, the study found degenerated neurons and vascular endotheliosis with intranuclear inclusion bodies in the brain of the aborted she-donkey fetus, implicating EHV-1 in these changes.
- The research concluded that the lesions were more severe in the aborted fetuses from the mares than in the fetus from the she-donkey.
Detection of EHV-1 Antigens
- The presence of EHV-1 antigens was confirmed through immunohistochemistry staining, a technique that uses antibodies to detect the presence of specific proteins in cells or tissues.
Cite This Article
APA
Ali AA, Refat NA, Algabri NA, Sobh MS.
(2020).
Fetal lesions of EHV-1 in equine.
An Acad Bras Cienc, 92(suppl 2), e20180837.
https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202020180837 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Zagazig University, Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 44159, Sharkia, Zagazig, Egypt.
- Zagazig University, Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 44159, Sharkia, Zagazig, Egypt.
- Zagazig University, Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 44159, Sharkia, Zagazig, Egypt.
- Thamar University, Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 2153, Dhamar, Yemen.
- Laboratory of Djibouti Regional Livestock Quarantine, Abu Yasser International Est. 1999, Djibouti.
- Zagazig University, Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 44159, Sharkia, Zagazig, Egypt.
MeSH Terms
- Abortion, Veterinary
- Animals
- Equidae
- Female
- Fetus
- Herpesviridae Infections / veterinary
- Herpesvirus 1, Equid
- Horse Diseases
- Horses
- Pregnancy
Citations
This article has been cited 10 times.- Mashin VV, Sergeev AN, Martynova NN, Oganov MD, Sergeev AA, Kataeva VV, Zagidullin NV. Ensuring Viral Safety of Equine Immunoglobulins during Production. Pharm Chem J 2022;56(2):283-288.
- Wang T, Hu L, Liu M, Wang T, Hu X, Li Y, Liu W, Li Y, Wang Y, Ren H, Zhang W, Wang C, Li L. The Emergence of Viral Encephalitis in Donkeys by Equid Herpesvirus 8 in China. Front Microbiol 2022;13:840754.
- Wang T, Hu L, Wang Y, Liu W, Liu G, Zhu M, Zhang W, Wang C, Ren H, Li L. Identification of equine herpesvirus 8 in donkey abortion: a case report. Virol J 2022 Jan 6;19(1):10.
- Wang T, Chai W, Wang Y, Liu W, Huang Z, Chen L, Guo R, Dong Y, Liu M, Zheng Q, Liu G, Wang C, Guo WP, Liu S, Li L. First detection and phylogenetic analysis of porcine circovirus 3 in female donkeys with reproductive disorders. BMC Vet Res 2021 Sep 18;17(1):308.
- Manikandan R, Rajagunalan S, Malmarugan S, Gupta C. First report on whole genome sequencing and comparative genomics of Salmonella enterica serovar Abortusequi isolated from Donkey in India. Sci Rep 2024 Oct 8;14(1):23455.
- Wang Z, Zeng S, Wang Y, Wang T, Qu H, Zhu Y, Li J. Reproductive Disorders in Donkeys: Current Evidence and Update. Animals (Basel) 2024 Aug 28;14(17).
- Ji Y, Zhao X, Liu W. Detection of equine herpesvirus antibodies in large-scale donkey farms in Liaocheng area. Vet Med Sci 2024 Sep;10(5):e70016.
- Ali AAH, Abdallah F, Shemies OA, Kotb G, Nafea MR. Molecular characterization of equine herpes viruses type 1 and 4 among Arabian horse populations in Egypt during the period between 2021 and 2022. Open Vet J 2024 Jan;14(1):534-544.
- El-Zayat M, Shemies OA, Mosad SM, El Rahman SA. Recent sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of equine herpesviruses 1 and 4 among different equine populations in Egypt. J Adv Vet Anim Res 2023 Dec;10(4):639-646.
- Mashin VV, Sergeev AN, Martynova NN, Sergeev AA, Lys'ko KA, Raikov AO, Kataeva VV, Zagidullin NV. Viral Safety Issues in the Production and Manufacturing of Human Immunoglobulin Preparations from Equine Plasma/Serum. Pharm Chem J 2022;56(4):532-537.
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