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Home / Equine Research Bank / Vet J / Field studies on equine influenza vaccination regimes in tho...
Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)2001; 161(2); 174-185; doi: 10.1053/tvjl.2000.0546

Field studies on equine influenza vaccination regimes in thoroughbred foals and yearlings.

Abstract: The purpose of these studies was to examine the response of Thoroughbred foals and yearlings to different influenza vaccines and vaccination regimes. The horses' antibody levels against haemagglutinin, an established correlate of protection were measured by haemagglutination inhibition. The first study investigated the extent to which maternal antibodies interfered with the humoral response to a subunit vaccine. The findings suggest that repeat vaccination in the face of maternal antibodies may induce tolerance as defined by serological testing. The second study compared the immune response elicited by a subunit immune stimulating complex (ISCOM) vaccine, an inactivated whole virus vaccine and the same product containing equine herpesviruses and equine reoviruses in addition to equine influenza virus. The monovalent vaccine induced a significantly better response than the ISCOM or the multivalent vaccine. The final study demonstrated that the inclusion of an additional booster vaccination, between the second and third vaccination recommended by the vaccine manufacturers and required under the rules of racing in certain countries, is of benefit to young horses. Since these studies were performed, several of the vaccines have been updated with more recent virus strains in line with WHO/OIE recommendations. However, the general principles investigated in the studies remain relevant to these vaccines.
Copyright 2000 Baillière Tindall.
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Publication Date: 2001-03-13 PubMed ID: 11243687DOI: 10.1053/tvjl.2000.0546Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article reports on a series of studies aimed at investigating the effectiveness of different equine influenza vaccines and vaccination regimes in Thoroughbred foals and yearlings, with a focus on the immune response elicited.

Investigating Maternal Antibodies Interference

  • The first part of the research explored how much maternal antibodies can interfere with the humoral (antibody-mediated) response to a subunit vaccine, which is a vaccine containing only the antigens that best stimulate the immune system.
  • This interference is important because it can potentially reduce the effectiveness of the vaccination in the offspring.
  • The result suggested that repeat vaccinations in the presence of maternal antibodies may induce ‘tolerance’, meaning that the horses’ immune systems might become less responsive to the vaccine.

Comparison of Immune Responses Elicited by Different Vaccines

  • The second study compared the immune response elicited by three types of vaccines: a subunit immune stimulating complex (ISCOM) vaccine, an inactivated whole virus vaccine, and a multivalent vaccine that contained equine herpesviruses and equine reoviruses in addition to equine influenza virus.
  • The findings showed that the monovalent vaccine, which only targets a single strain of a single microbe, initiated a much stronger response than the ISCOM or the multivalent vaccine.

Efficiency of an Additional Booster Vaccination

  • The final study evaluated the impact of an additional booster vaccination given between the second and third vaccination, which is beyond what is recommended by vaccine manufacturers and required in certain racing rules.
  • The research found this addition was beneficial to young horses, suggesting modifications to the current vaccination protocols may contribute to greater overall immunity against equine influenza in this population.

Relevance of the Study

  • Despite the fact that some of the investigated vaccines have been updated with more recent virus strains, the principles examined in the research are still applicable to these vaccines.
  • This research gives valuable insights for formulating more effective vaccination strategies for equine influenza, which can have significant implications for the health and performance of racehorses.

Cite This Article

APA
Cullinane A, Weld J, Osborne M, Nelly M, Mcbride C, Walsh C. (2001). Field studies on equine influenza vaccination regimes in thoroughbred foals and yearlings. Vet J, 161(2), 174-185. https://doi.org/10.1053/tvjl.2000.0546

Publication

Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)
ISSN: 1090-0233
NlmUniqueID: 9706281
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 161
Issue: 2
Pages: 174-185

Researcher Affiliations

Cullinane, A
  • The Virology Unit, The Irish Equine Centre, Johnstown, Naas, Co. Kildare, Ireland. acullinane@equine-centre.ie
Weld, J
    Osborne, M
      Nelly, M
        Mcbride, C
          Walsh, C

            MeSH Terms

            • Animals
            • Antibodies, Viral / blood
            • Horse Diseases / immunology
            • Horse Diseases / prevention & control
            • Horse Diseases / virology
            • Horses
            • Immunity, Maternally-Acquired
            • Immunization Schedule
            • Immunization, Secondary / veterinary
            • Influenza A virus / immunology
            • Influenza Vaccines / administration & dosage
            • Influenza Vaccines / immunology
            • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / prevention & control
            • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / veterinary
            • Time Factors
            • Vaccines, Subunit / administration & dosage
            • Vaccines, Subunit / immunology

            Citations

            This article has been cited 17 times.
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              pubmed: 32355351
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              doi: 10.3390/vaccines6040071pubmed: 30287762google scholar: lookup
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              doi: 10.3390/pathogens7020043pubmed: 29673169google scholar: lookup
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              doi: 10.1111/j.1750-2659.2010.00163.xpubmed: 20958930google scholar: lookup
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