Immunohistochemical identification and localization of orexin A and orexin type 2 receptor in the horse gastrointestinal tract.
Abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence and the distribution of cells containing orexin A and orexin type 2 receptor in the horse stomach and gut, by means of immunohistochemical techniques. Orexin A was identified in the stomach fundic and pyloric regions and in the duodenum. In the same stomach regions, a large subset of orexin A-positive cells also showed orexin type 2 receptor-like immunoreactivity. Moreover, in the duodenum, many of them, seemed to store serotonin. Characteristically, enteric neurons or ganglia also displayed orexin A and, sometimes, orexin type 2 receptor immunoreaction. Orexin A and orexin type 2 receptor immunoreactivity was also found in the nerve fibers in the enteric submucosal layer. Our results, together with data present in the literature, could contribute to the understanding of complex mechanisms regulating the horse gut functionality that are depending very likely on the consequence of the co-operation of both a central and a peripheral control.
Publication Date: 2008-08-15 PubMed ID: 18707745DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2008.07.001Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This research study aimed to examine the presence and distribution of cells containing orexin A and orexin type 2 receptor in the stomach and gut of a horse using immunohistochemical techniques. Results showed that these elements were identified in certain regions of the stomach and the duodenum, potentially suggesting a contribution to the complex mechanisms that regulate horse gut functionality.
Methodology
- The researchers utilized immunohistochemical techniques to identify and localize cells that are composed of orexin A and orexin type 2 receptor in the horse stomach and gut. Immunohistochemistry is a method that uses antibodies to detect specific proteins in cells of a tissue section. It’s often used to visualize the distribution and localization of biomarkers and foreign substances.
Findings
- Orexin A was identified in the fundic and pyloric regions of the stomach along with the duodenum, a section of the small intestine adjacent to the stomach. These cells were found in a large subset of orexin A-positive cells within these same stomach regions. Furthermore, in the duodenum, many of these orexin A-positive cells appeared to store serotonin, a chemical that helps in transmitting signals in the brain.
- Orexin A and sometimes, orexin type 2 receptor immunoreaction were displayed by enteric neurons or ganglia. “Enteric neurons” refer to a large group of neurons that govern the function of the gastrointestinal system.
- The researchers also found orexin A and orexin type 2 receptor immunoreactivity in nerve fibers in the enteric submucosal layer, a layer of cells in the gut that supports and houses the blood vessels and nerves controlling movement in the intestines.
Implications
- The findings of this study, when combined with data from past literature, can further our understanding of the complex mechanisms that regulate the functionality of the horse gut. These mechanisms are likely to be driven by a combination of central and peripheral controls.
- Further, the presence of orexin A and orexin type 2 receptor has potential implications in the study of various equine digestive diseases and disorders.
Cite This Article
APA
Dall'aglio C, Pascucci L, Mercati F, Giontella A, Pedini V, Ceccarelli P.
(2008).
Immunohistochemical identification and localization of orexin A and orexin type 2 receptor in the horse gastrointestinal tract.
Res Vet Sci, 86(2), 189-193.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2008.07.001 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biopatologiche Veterinarie ed Igiene delle Produzioni Animali ed Alimentari, Sezione di Anatomia Veterinaria, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy. cecilia.dallaglio@unipg.it
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Female
- Gastrointestinal Tract / cytology
- Gastrointestinal Tract / metabolism
- Horses / metabolism
- Immunohistochemistry / veterinary
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / metabolism
- Male
- Neuropeptides / metabolism
- Orexin Receptors
- Orexins
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / metabolism
- Receptors, Neuropeptide / metabolism
Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.- Azeez IA, Igado OO, Olopade JO. An overview of the orexinergic system in different animal species. Metab Brain Dis 2021 Oct;36(7):1419-1444.
- Gatta C, Russo F, Russolillo MG, Varricchio E, Paolucci M, Castaldo L, Lucini C, de Girolamo P, Cozzi B, Maruccio L. The orexin system in the enteric nervous system of the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). PLoS One 2014;9(8):e105009.
- Nixon JP, Kotz CM, Novak CM, Billington CJ, Teske JA. Neuropeptides controlling energy balance: orexins and neuromedins. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2012;(209):77-109.
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