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Medicina2022; 82(5); 667-672;

[Immunotherapy with anti-SARS-COV-2 neutralizing F(ab’)2 antibodies from equine serum in the treatment of outpatients with bilateral COVID-19 pneumonia].

Abstract: Passive immunotherapy is a therapeutic alternative for patients with COVID-19. Methods: The decision was made to create a prospective database of patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, nonhypoxemic, treated on an outpatient basis at the Hospital de Bolívar, Dr. Miguel Capredoni, province of Buenos Aires, Argentina, with the aim of evaluating the efficacy in reducing severe cases and hospitalizations of treatment with hyperimmune equine serum in this subgroup of patients. We performed a retrospective analysis of the period from 05/26/2021 to 08/28/2021, where a total of 151 patients were included. The options were meprednisone plus colchicine associated with two equine serum infusions (n = 92) or oral meprednisone and colchicine for 10 days (59). Results: No differences were observed between the population characteristics and comorbidities between both groups. A 46% (69) of the patients had received at least one dose of vaccine against COVID-19. During follow-up, 23% (35) required hospitalization, with no differences between the equine serum group and the control group (p = 0.89). A non-significant trend of 15.7% was observed for the risk of prolonged hospitalization. (Equine serum group 38.1% vs. control group 53.8%, Fisher Exact test p = 0.41). Mortality between the equine serum group was 3.97% (4), with no differences between the two groups. Differences were observed between vaccinated and unvaccinated patients in hard points such as the need for MRA (0% vs. 8% p = 0.001) and death (0% vs. 8% p = 0.001). Conclusions: Although the rate of hospitalization and death were lower than expected, the use of hyperimmune equine serum in the outpatient setting impresses as not providing clinical benefit. Introducción: La inmunoterapia pasiva es una alternativa terapéutica para los pacientes con COVID-19. Métodos: Se tomó la decisión de realizar una base de datos prospectiva de los pacientes con diagnóstico de neumonía por SARS-CoV-2, no hipoxémica, tratados de forma ambulatoria en el Hospital de Bolívar, Dr. Miguel Capredoni, provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, con el objetivo de evaluar la eficacia del tratamiento con suero equino hiperinmune en la reducción de casos graves e internaciones. Realizamos un análisis retrospectivo del período comprendido entre el 26/05/2021 al 28/08/2021, se incluyeron 151 pacientes. Las opciones fueron meprednisona y colchicina asociadas a dos infusiones de suero equino (n = 92) o meprednisona y colchicina durante 10 días por vía oral (n = 59). Resultados: No se observaron diferencias en las características poblacionales y comorbilidades entre ambos grupos. El 46% (69) de los pacientes había recibido por lo menos una dosis de vacuna contra COVID-19. Durante el seguimiento el 23% (35) requirió internación, sin diferencias entre el grupo suero equino y el grupo control (p = 0.89). Se observó una tendencia no significativa al riesgo de internación prolongada del 15.7%. (Grupo suero equino 38.1% vs. grupo control 53.8%, Fisher Exact test p = 0.41). La mortalidad en el grupo suero equino fue del 3.97% (4), sin observarse diferencias entre ambos grupos. Se observaron diferencias entre los pacientes vacunados y no vacunados, en puntos duros como necesidad de ARM (0% vs. 8% p = 0.001) y muerte (0% vs. 8% p = 0.001). Discusión: Si bien las tasas de internación y muerte fueron menores de lo esperado, la utilización de suero equino hiperinmune en el escenario ambulatorio impresiona no aportar beneficio clínico.
Publication Date: 2022-10-12 PubMed ID: 36220022
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  • Journal Article

Summary

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The research article explores the viability of passive immunotherapy using anti-SARS-COV-2 neutralizing antibodies derived from equine serum in treating non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients with pneumonia. The study, conducted in Buenos Aires, Argentina, found that while the treatment led to lower than expected hospitalization and mortality rates, the use of hyperimmune equine serum did not appear to provide significant clinical benefit.

Methods

  • The researchers created a prospective database of patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia who were treated on an outpatient basis at the Hospital de Bolívar, Dr. Miguel Capredoni in Buenos Aires.
  • They aimed to evaluate the efficiency of hyperimmune equine serum in reducing severe cases and hospitalizations.
  • The study period ran from 26 May 2021 to 28 August 2021 and included 151 patients in total.
  • Patients were treated either with meprednisone plus colchicine along with two equine serum infusions or with oral meprednisone and colchicine for a period of 10 days.

Results

  • No differences were observed in the population characteristics or comorbidities of the two groups.
  • About 46% of the study participants had received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccination.
  • Of the patients, 23% required hospitalization, with no significant difference between those who were given the equine serum and those who weren’t.
  • A nonsignificant trend of 15.7% was noted for the risk of prolonged hospitalization with 38.1% in the equine serum group and 53.8% in the control group.
  • The mortality rate in the equine serum group was 3.97%, with no significant difference between the two groups.
  • Differences were noted between vaccinated and unvaccinated patients, specifically regarding the need for MRA and death rates, both being higher in the unvaccinated group.

Conclusions

  • Despite the lower-than-expected hospitalization and death rates, the use of hyperimmune equine serum was found to not provide a notable clinical benefit for outpatient scenario.

Cite This Article

APA
Manganiello CF, Basbus L, Callegari MS, Cayol F, Amaral De Sousa CR, Porta RE. (2022). [Immunotherapy with anti-SARS-COV-2 neutralizing F(ab’)2 antibodies from equine serum in the treatment of outpatients with bilateral COVID-19 pneumonia]. Medicina (B Aires), 82(5), 667-672.

Publication

ISSN: 1669-9106
NlmUniqueID: 0204271
Country: Argentina
Language: spa
Volume: 82
Issue: 5
Pages: 667-672

Researcher Affiliations

Manganiello, Carlos F
  • Hospital Subzonal de Bolívar Dr. Miguel Capredoni, Bolívar, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. E-mail: cfmanganiello@hotmail.com.
Basbus, Luis
  • Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Callegari, Mariana S
  • Hospital Subzonal de Bolívar Dr. Miguel Capredoni, Bolívar, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Cayol, Federico
  • Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Amaral De Sousa, Cristian R
  • Hospital Subzonal de Bolívar Dr. Miguel Capredoni, Bolívar, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Porta, Raul E
  • Hospital Subzonal de Bolívar Dr. Miguel Capredoni, Bolívar, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • COVID-19 / therapy
  • COVID-19 Vaccines
  • Colchicine
  • Horses
  • Humans
  • Immunologic Factors
  • Immunotherapy
  • Outpatients
  • Retrospective Studies
  • SARS-CoV-2

Citations

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