In vitro evaluation of allogeneic bone screws for use in internal fixation of transverse fractures created in proximal sesamoid bones obtained from equine cadavers.
Abstract: To evaluate effectiveness of allogeneic bone screws and pins for internal fixation of midbody transverse fractures of equine proximal sesamoid bones (PSBs) in vitro. Methods: 14 forelimbs from cadavers of 3-year-old Thoroughbreds. Methods: Allogeneic cortical bone fragments were collected from the limbs of a male Thoroughbred, and cortical bone screws were prepared from the tissue by use of a precision desktop microlathe programmed with the dimensions of a metal cortical bone screw. A midbody transverse osteotomy of each PSB was performed by use of a bone-shaping oscillating saw and repaired via 1 of 3 internal fixation techniques: 1 allogeneic bone screw with 1 allogeneic bone pin (type I; n = 6 PSBs), 2 allogeneic bone screws (type II; 8), or 1 stainless steel cortical bone screw (control repair; 6). Mechanical tension measurements were obtained by use of a commercially available materials testing system. Results: Mean +/- SD tensile strength (TS) was 668.3 +/- 216.6 N for type I repairs, 854.4 +/- 253.2 N for type II repairs, and 1,150.0 +/- 451.7 N for control repairs. Conclusions: Internal fixation of PSB fractures by the use of allogeneic bone screws and bone pins was successful. Although mean TS of control repairs with stainless steel cortical bone screws was greater than the mean TS of type I and type II repairs, the difference between type II and control repairs was not significant. Allogeneic screws may advance healing and result in fewer complications in a clinical setting.
Publication Date: 2010-04-07 PubMed ID: 20367058DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.71.4.483Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The study looks into the effectiveness of using bone screws and pins made from allogeneic (donor) bone in the treatment of fractures in horse’s sesamoid bones, comparing their performance to traditional metal fixtures. The findings suggest these allogeneic screws may lead to better healing and fewer complications.
Methodology
- For this study, 14 forelimbs were used from the cadavers of 3-year-old Thoroughbreds.
- Allogeneic cortical bone fragments were obtained from a male Thoroughbred’s limbs and used to prepare bone screws via a precision desktop microlathe.
- A transverse break was made in the midpoint of each sesamoid bone using a bone-shaping oscillating saw.
- The fractures were then repaired using one of three methods: one allogeneic screw and one allogeneic pin (Type I), two allogeneic screws (Type II), or one stainless steel screw (the control).
- A commercially available materials testing system was used to measure mechanical tension, or tensile strength (TS), of the repaired fractures.
Results
- Average TS measurements for the repair types were: 668.3 N (with a standard deviation SD of 216.6) for Type I, 854.4 N (SD 253.2) for Type II, and 1,150.0 N (SD 451.7) for the control fixture.
- The results indicate that using allogeneic bone screws and pins can successfully fix sesamoid bone fractures.
- While the mean TS of the stainless steel control repairs was higher than that of both allogeneic repair types, the difference between the Type II repairs and the control was not statistically significant.
Conclusions
- The study concludes that allogeneic bone screws may have potential in advancing bone healing and reducing complications in a clinical setting when compared to traditional metal fixtures.
- While the use of stainless steel screws demonstrated the most tensile strength, the difference when compared to two allogeneic screws was not significantly larger.
Cite This Article
APA
Sasaki N, Takakuwa J, Yamada H, Mori R.
(2010).
In vitro evaluation of allogeneic bone screws for use in internal fixation of transverse fractures created in proximal sesamoid bones obtained from equine cadavers.
Am J Vet Res, 71(4), 483-486.
https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.71.4.483 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-town, Obihirocity, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan. naoki@obihiro.ac.jp
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Bone Screws / veterinary
- Cadaver
- Foot
- Forelimb
- Fracture Fixation, Internal / instrumentation
- Fracture Fixation, Internal / veterinary
- Fractures, Bone / surgery
- Fractures, Bone / veterinary
- Horses
- Male
- Sesamoid Bones / injuries
- Sesamoid Bones / surgery
Citations
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