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Home / Equine Research Bank / J Vis Exp / In Vivo Imaging and Tracking of Technetium-99m Labeled Bone ...
Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE2015; (106); e52748; doi: 10.3791/52748

In Vivo Imaging and Tracking of Technetium-99m Labeled Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Equine Tendinopathy.

Abstract: Recent advances in the application of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSC) for the treatment of tendon and ligament injuries in the horse suggest improved outcome measures in both experimental and clinical studies. Although the BMMSC are implanted into the tendon lesion in large numbers (usually 10 - 20 million cells), only a relatively small number survive (<10%) although these can persist for up to 5 months after implantation. This appears to be a common observation in other species where BMMSC have been implanted into other tissues and it is important to understand when this loss occurs, how many survive the initial implantation process and whether the cells are cleared into other organs. Tracking the fate of the cells can be achieved by radiolabeling the BMMSC prior to implantation which allows non-invasive in vivo imaging of cell location and quantification of cell numbers. This protocol describes a cell labeling procedure that uses Technetium-99m (Tc-99m), and tracking of these cells following implantation into injured flexor tendons in horses. Tc-99m is a short-lived (t1/2 of 6.01 hr) isotope that emits gamma rays and can be internalized by cells in the presence of the lipophilic compound hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime (HMPAO). These properties make it ideal for use in nuclear medicine clinics for the diagnosis of many different diseases. The fate of the labeled cells can be followed in the short term (up to 36 hr) by gamma scintigraphy to quantify both the number of cells retained in the lesion and distribution of the cells into lungs, thyroid and other organs. This technique is adapted from the labeling of blood leukocytes and could be utilized to image implanted BMMSC in other organs.
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Publication Date: 2015-12-09 PubMed ID: 26709915PubMed Central: PMC4692789DOI: 10.3791/52748Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research discusses the method of using Technetium-99m (Tc-99m) to track the in vivo distribution and survival rate of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSC) implanted into injured horse tendons. It aims to understand the loss, survival, and dispersal of these cells to other organs following implantation.

Background of the Research

  • The paper is based on the growing use and effectiveness of bone marrow mesenchal stem cells (BMMSC) in treating tendon and ligament injuries in horses.
  • Studies show that although millions of BMMSC are implanted, only a small percentage survives in the long term.
  • Understanding the timeline and extent of cell loss, how many survive initial implantation, and whether the cells are transported to other organs is important for therapeutic efficiency.

Description of the Research Protocol

  • To track the fate of implanted cells, the researchers used a radiolabeling procedure on the BMMSC prior to implantation.
  • The radiolabeling uses Technetium-99m, a short-lived isotope that emits gamma rays and can be internalized by cells with the help of a lipophilic compound, hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime (HMPAO).
  • This method allows non-invasive in vivo imaging of cell locations and accurate cell count.
  • The method is adapted from the labeling of blood leukocytes and is not limited to tendons but could be used to image implanted BMMSC in other organs.

The Use of Technetium-99m in the Study

  • Using Technetium-99m as an isotope for tracking brings certain advantages; mainly due to its short half-life of about 6 hours, which suits short-term tracking.
  • It’s ideal for use in nuclear medicine clinics for the diagnosis of many different diseases.
  • It allows for gamma scintigraphy, a technique for imaging radiation from gamma rays emitted by radioactive isotopes, to quantify the number of cells retained in the lesion and dispersion in lungs, thyroid, and other organs over a short period of up to 36 hours.

Cite This Article

APA
Dudhia J, Becerra P, Valdés MA, Neves F, Hartman NG, Smith RK. (2015). In Vivo Imaging and Tracking of Technetium-99m Labeled Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Equine Tendinopathy. J Vis Exp(106), e52748. https://doi.org/10.3791/52748

Publication

Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE
ISSN: 1940-087X
NlmUniqueID: 101313252
Country: United States
Language: English
Issue: 106
Pages: e52748
PII: 52748

Researcher Affiliations

Dudhia, Jayesh
  • Department of Clinical Science and Services, The Royal Veterinary College; jdudhia@rvc.ac.uk.
Becerra, Patricia
  • Hospital de Referencia La Equina, Manilva.
Valdés, Miguel A
  • Hospital de Referencia La Equina, Manilva.
Neves, Francisco
  • Hospital de Referencia La Equina, Manilva.
Hartman, Neil G
  • Department of Nuclear Medicine, Barts & The London NHS Trust.
Smith, Roger K W
  • Department of Clinical Science and Services, The Royal Veterinary College.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Bone Marrow Cells / diagnostic imaging
  • Bone Marrow Cells / pathology
  • Horse Diseases / diagnostic imaging
  • Horse Diseases / pathology
  • Horse Diseases / therapy
  • Horses
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / methods
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / veterinary
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cells / diagnostic imaging
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cells / pathology
  • Radionuclide Imaging / methods
  • Radionuclide Imaging / veterinary
  • Technetium / analysis
  • Technetium / chemistry
  • Tendinopathy / diagnostic imaging
  • Tendinopathy / therapy
  • Tendinopathy / veterinary
  • Tendons / diagnostic imaging
  • Tendons / pathology

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This article includes 21 references
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Citations

This article has been cited 8 times.
  1. Polyak A, Képes Z, Trencsényi G. Implant Imaging: Perspectives of Nuclear Imaging in Implant, Biomaterial, and Stem Cell Research.. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023 Apr 25;10(5).
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  2. Bansal A, Sharma S, Klasen B, Rösch F, Pandey MK. Evaluation of different (89)Zr-labeled synthons for direct labeling and tracking of white blood cells and stem cells in healthy athymic mice.. Sci Rep 2022 Sep 19;12(1):15646.
    doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-19953-4pubmed: 36123386google scholar: lookup
  3. Manning JE, Lewis JW, Marsh LJ, McGettrick HM. Insights Into Leukocyte Trafficking in Inflammatory Arthritis - Imaging the Joint.. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021;9:635102.
    doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.635102pubmed: 33768093google scholar: lookup
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  6. Park S, Kim HJ, Kim DK, Kim TH. Use of Oral Prednisolone and a 3-Phase Bone Scintigraphy in Patients with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type I.. Healthcare (Basel) 2020 Jan 9;8(1).
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