Isolation and characterization of equine dental pulp stem cells derived from Thoroughbred wolf teeth.
Abstract: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult multipotent stem cells that are capable of self-renewal and differentiation into multiple cell lineages. Methods for cell therapy using MSCs have been developed in equine medicine. Recently, human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have drawn much attention owing to their trophic factor producing ability and minimally invasive collection methods. However, there have been no reports on equine dental pulp-derived cells (eDPCs). Therefore, the aim of this study was to isolate and characterize the eDPCs from discarded wolf teeth. Plastic-adherent spindle-shaped cells were isolated from wolf teeth. The doubling time of the isolated eDPCs was approximately 1 day. Differentiation assays using induction medium eDPCs differentiated into osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic lineages. The eDPCs expressed mesenchymal makers (CD11a/18, CD44, CD90 CD105 and MHC class I and II), but did not express hematopoietic markers (CD34 and CD45). Taken together, the results show that eDPCs can be isolated from discarded wolf teeth, and they satisfy the minimal criteria for MSCs. Thus, these eDPCs can be referred to as equine DPSCs (eDPSCs). These eDPSCs may become a new source for cell therapy.
Publication Date: 2016-11-05 PubMed ID: 27818457PubMed Central: PMC5289236DOI: 10.1292/jvms.16-0131Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
The researchers have successfully isolated and analyzed dental pulp stem cells from equine wolf teeth, discovering that these cells have the right qualities to be classed as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). This discovery could potentially offer a new source for cell-based therapies in equine medicine.
Background and Aim of the Study:
- The primary focus of the study was to isolate and analyze dental pulp-derived cells from equine wolf teeth, which were previously unexplored. The researchers aimed to determine whether these cells could be classed as MSCs, a type of adult stem cell that has the ability to differentiate into a variety of other cell types and has potential use in cell therapies.
Methodology and Findings:
- The team managed to isolate cells from the wolf teeth that adhered to plastic and were spindle-shaped, which are typical traits of MSCs.
- They found that the isolated cells duplicated roughly every day.
- When tested with specific induction mediums, these isolated cells showed the ability to differentiate into different cell lines, including osteogenic (bone), chondrogenic (cartilage), and adipogenic (fat) lineages, confirming their multipotent nature.
Cell Markers and Identification:
- The cells were then tested for specific ‘markers’ – proteins that help identify the type of cell. They found that these cells expressed various markers typical of MSCs (CD11a/18, CD44, CD90 CD105 and MHC class I and II).
- Crucially, the cells also did not express markers for hematopoietic cells (CD34 and CD45), confirming that they were not blood-derived cells, but true mesenchymal stem cells.
Conclusion:
- The results demonstrated that the equine dental pulp-derived cells satisfy the minimal criteria for MSCs, and hence can be term as equine dental pulp stem cells (eDPSCs).
- This discovery indicates that discarded wolf teeth could be a new, minimally invasive source of MSCs for use in equine medicine, especially for cell-therapy methods. However, further research would be needed to determine the potential applications and effectiveness of these cells in treatments.
Cite This Article
APA
Ishikawa S, Horinouchi C, Murata D, Matsuzaki S, Misumi K, Iwamoto Y, Korosue K, Hobo S.
(2016).
Isolation and characterization of equine dental pulp stem cells derived from Thoroughbred wolf teeth.
J Vet Med Sci, 79(1), 47-51.
https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.16-0131 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Bicuspid / cytology
- Cell Differentiation
- Cell Proliferation
- Cell Survival
- Dental Pulp / cytology
- Female
- Horses
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells / cytology
References
This article includes 19 references
- Alipour F, Parham A, Kazemi Mehrjerdi H, Dehghani H. Equine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells: phenotype and growth characteristics, gene expression profile and differentiation potentials.. Cell J 2015;16:456–465.
- Braun J, Hack A, Weis-Klemm M, Conrad S, Treml S, Kohler K, Walliser U, Skutella T, Aicher W K. Evaluation of the osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation capacities of equine adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells.. Am. J. Vet. Res. 2010;71:1228–1236.
- Carrade Holt D D, Wood J A, Granick J L, Walker N J, Clark K C, Borjesson D L. Equine mesenchymal stem cells inhibit T cell proliferation through different mechanisms depending on tissue source.. Stem Cells Dev. 2014;23:1258–1265.
- Dennis J E, Merriam A, Awadallah A, Yoo J U, Johnstone B, Caplan A I. A quadripotential mesenchymal progenitor cell isolated from the marrow of an adult mouse.. J. Bone Miner. Res. 1999;14:700–709.
- Dominici M, Le Blanc K, Mueller I, Slaper-Cortenbach I, Marini F, Krause D, Deans R, Keating A, Prockop D, Horwitz E. Minimal criteria for defining multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells. The International Society for Cellular Therapy position statement.. Cytotherapy 2006;8:315–317.
- Foster D L. The gold standard of dental care for the adult performance horse.. Vet. Clin. North Am. Equine Pract. 2013;29:505–519, viii.
- Gronthos S, Brahim J, Li W, Fisher L W, Cherman N, Boyde A, DenBesten P, Robey P G, Shi S. Stem cell properties of human dental pulp stem cells.. J. Dent. Res. 2002;81:531–535.
- Gronthos S, Mankani M, Brahim J, Robey P G, Shi S. Postnatal human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in vitro and in vivo.. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2000;97:13625–13630.
- Guest D J, Smith M R, Allen W R. Equine embryonic stem-like cells and mesenchymal stromal cells have different survival rates and migration patterns following their injection into damaged superficial digital flexor tendon.. Equine Vet. J. 2010;42:636–642.
- Horwitz E M, Prockop D J, Fitzpatrick L A, Koo W W, Gordon P L, Neel M, Sussman M, Orchard P, Marx J C, Pyeritz R E, Brenner M K. Transplantability and therapeutic effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells in children with osteogenesis imperfecta.. Nat. Med. 1999;5:309–313.
- Johnstone B, Hering T M, Caplan A I, Goldberg V M, Yoo J U. In vitro chondrogenesis of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells.. Exp. Cell Res. 1998;238:265–272.
- Kopen G C, Prockop D J, Phinney D G. Marrow stromal cells migrate throughout forebrain and cerebellum, and they differentiate into astrocytes after injection into neonatal mouse brains.. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1999;96:10711–10716.
- Lai R C, Arslan F, Lee M M, Sze N S, Choo A, Chen T S, Salto-Tellez M, Timmers L, Lee C N, El Oakley R M, Pasterkamp G, de Kleijn D P, Lim S K. Exosome secreted by MSC reduces myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.. Stem Cell Res. (Amst.) 2010;4:214–222.
- Matsubara K, Matsushita Y, Sakai K, Kano F, Kondo M, Noda M, Hashimoto N, Imagama S, Ishiguro N, Suzumura A, Ueda M, Furukawa K, Yamamoto A. Secreted ectodomain of sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin-9 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 promote recovery after rat spinal cord injury by altering macrophage polarity.. J. Neurosci. 2015;35:2452–2464.
- Murata D, Miyakoshi D, Hatazoe T, Miura N, Tokunaga S, Fujiki M, Nakayama K, Misumi K. Multipotency of equine mesenchymal stem cells derived from synovial fluid.. Vet. J. 2014;202:53–61.
- Murata D, Yamasaki A, Matsuzaki S, Sunaga T, Fujiki M, Tokunaga S, Misumi K. Characteristics and multipotency of equine dedifferentiated fat cells.. J. Equine Sci. 2016;27:57–65.
- Smith R K, Korda M, Blunn G W, Goodship A E. Isolation and implantation of autologous equine mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow into the superficial digital flexor tendon as a potential novel treatment.. Equine Vet. J. 2003;35:99–102.
- Spaas J H, De Schauwer C, Cornillie P, Meyer E, Van Soom A, Van de Walle G R. Culture and characterisation of equine peripheral blood mesenchymal stromal cells.. Vet. J. 2013;195:107–113.
- Violini S, Ramelli P, Pisani L F, Gorni C, Mariani P. Horse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells express embryo stem cell markers and show the ability for tenogenic differentiation by in vitro exposure to BMP-12.. BMC Cell Biol. 2009;10:29.
Use Nutrition Calculator
Check if your horse's diet meets their nutrition requirements with our easy-to-use tool Check your horse's diet with our easy-to-use tool
Talk to a Nutritionist
Discuss your horse's feeding plan with our experts over a free phone consultation Discuss your horse's diet over a phone consultation
Submit Diet Evaluation
Get a customized feeding plan for your horse formulated by our equine nutritionists Get a custom feeding plan formulated by our nutritionists
