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Home / Equine Research Bank / Equine Vet J / Lamellar perfusion and energy metabolism in a preferential w...
Equine veterinary journal2020; 53(4); 834-844; doi: 10.1111/evj.13356

Lamellar perfusion and energy metabolism in a preferential weight bearing model.

Abstract: Supporting limb laminitis (SLL) is suspected to be caused by lamellar ischaemia as a consequence of increased mechanical load. Objective: Examine the effects of prolonged preferential weight bearing (PWB) on lamellar perfusion and metabolism. Methods: In vivo experiment. Methods: Microdialysis probes were inserted in the lamellar and sublamellar dermis of one forelimb in 13 Standardbred horses. In six horses, a platform shoe (contralateral forelimb) was used to induce increased load on the microdialysis-instrumented forelimb (PWB). The remaining seven horses were controls (CON). All horses were housed in stocks with limb weight distribution logged continuously for 92 hours. Microdialysate was collected and analysed every 4 hours for glucose, lactate, pyruvate, and lactate to pyruvate ratio (L:P). Microdialysis urea clearance was used to estimate lamellar perfusion. Data were analysed using a mixed-effects linear regression model. Results: Median [IQR] load on the microdialysis-instrumented limb was equivalent to 38.7% bwt. [37.3-40.3] in PWB and 27.3% bwt. [26.6-28] in CON. Limb offloading frequency increased in CON (P < .001) but not PWB (P = .2). Lamellar microdialysate glucose decreased in PWB (P < .001) and CON (P = .004), however, the rate of decrease was higher in PWB (P = .007). Lamellar L:P increased in PWB (P < .001) and peaked at 196 [79-656], whereas L:P did not change over time in CON (P = .6) and peaked at 42 [41-49]. Lamellar urea clearance decreased in PWB (P < .001) but not in CON (P = .3). Sublamellar L:P and urea clearance did not change over time in either group (P > .05). Conclusions: The PWB model may not be representative of naturally occurring SLL. Conclusions: Evidence of lamellar ischaemia (increased L:P and decreased urea clearance) was detected exclusively in the lamellar dermis of PWB feet subjected to persistently increased load. Lamellar ischaemia is a consequence of increased mechanical load and likely contributes to the development of SLL.
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Publication Date: 2020-10-29 PubMed ID: 32986263DOI: 10.1111/evj.13356Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

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The research article studies the effects of long-term preferential weight bearing (PWB) on lamellar blood flow and metabolism, in a bid to understand the suspected cause of Supporting Limb Laminitis (SLL) in horses – a condition thought to result from undue mechanical pressure resulting in reduced blood flow (ischaemia) to the laminae.

Research Methodology

  • A total of 13 Standardbred horses were involved in the experiment, and microdialysis probes were inserted in the lamellar and sublamellar dermis of one forelimb in each horse.
  • Of the 13 horses, six were made to bear increased load on the leg with the installed probe by fitting a platform shoe on the opposite forelimb. These formed the PWB group.
  • The remaining seven horses, without the platform shoe, served as controls (CON).
  • All horses were kept in stocks for a duration of 92 hours, during which their limb weight distribution was logged continuously.
  • Microdialysate was collected and analysed every four hours for parameters including glucose, lactate, pyruvate, lactate to pyruvate ratio (L:P), and microdialysis urea clearance, the latter providing estimates of lamellar perfusion.
  • The collected data were analysed using a mixed-effects linear regression model.

Key Findings

  • It was observed that the PWB group had a significantly higher load on the instrumented limb compared to the CON group.
  • While limb offloading frequency increased in the CON group, there was no significant change in the PWB group.
  • The levels of lamellar microdialysate glucose decreased over time in both groups, but the rate was significantly higher in the PWB group.
  • Lamellar L:P increased drastically in the PWB group, while no significant change was observed in the CON group over time.
  • The lamellar urea clearance, an indicator of blood flow, saw a significant decrease in the PWB group, but observed no change in the CON group.
  • On the other hand, sublamellar L:P and urea clearance did not witness any significant change over time in either groups.

Conclusions

  • The results from the PWB model did not seem to be indicative of naturally occurring SLL, questioning its representational validity.
  • However, the findings did provide evidence of lamellar ischaemia – demonstrated by increased L:P ratio and decreased urea clearance – exclusively in the lamellar dermis of the PWB group, which had to bear increased and persistent load.
  • This suggests that lamellar ischaemia, a condition characterized by reduced blood flow, could potentially be a consequence of increased mechanical load, and may play a significant role in the development of SLL.

Cite This Article

APA
van Eps AW, Belknap JK, Schneider X, Stefanovski D, Engiles JB, Richardson DW, Zedler ST, Medina-Torres CE, Watts MR. (2020). Lamellar perfusion and energy metabolism in a preferential weight bearing model. Equine Vet J, 53(4), 834-844. https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.13356

Publication

Equine veterinary journal
ISSN: 2042-3306
NlmUniqueID: 0173320
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 53
Issue: 4
Pages: 834-844

Researcher Affiliations

van Eps, Andrew W
  • Australian Equine Laminitis Research Unit, School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Qld, Australia.
  • New Bolton Center, Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA.
Belknap, James K
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
Schneider, Xavier
  • Australian Equine Laminitis Research Unit, School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Qld, Australia.
Stefanovski, Darko
  • New Bolton Center, Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA.
Engiles, Julie B
  • New Bolton Center, Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA.
Richardson, Dean W
  • New Bolton Center, Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA.
Zedler, Steven T
  • Australian Equine Laminitis Research Unit, School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Qld, Australia.
Medina-Torres, Carlos E
  • Australian Equine Laminitis Research Unit, School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Qld, Australia.
Watts, Mauria R
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Energy Metabolism
  • Foot Diseases / veterinary
  • Hoof and Claw
  • Horse Diseases
  • Horses
  • Inflammation / veterinary
  • Perfusion / veterinary
  • Weight-Bearing

Grant Funding

  • 2015001014 / Grayson-Jockey Club Research Foundation

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