Laparoscopic Closure of the Nephrosplenic Space in Horses with Nephrosplenic Colonic Entrapment: Factors Associated with Survival and Colic Recurrence.
Abstract: 1) To identify factors associated with short-term survival and time to death after hospital discharge in horses with nephrosplenic entrapment (NSE). 2) To compare the frequency of recurrent colic episodes in horses with and without laparoscopic closure of the nephrosplenic space. Methods: Historical cohort with a nested case control. Methods: Client-owned horses. Methods: Medical records of horses treated for NSE from January 1, 2002 to June 1, 2014 were reviewed. Data collected included signalment, physical examination parameters, laboratory results, diagnostic findings, and treatments. Factors associated with short-term survival to discharge were analyzed with a multivariable logistic regression model and time to death after hospital discharge was analyzed with a Cox proportional hazards model. Results: During the study period, 211 horses had 231 NSE events and 192/211 (91%) horses survived to discharge. A positive difference in packed cell volume (PCV at admission - PCV after treatment) was associated with reduced odds of nonsurvival with each increment (OR: 0.899, 95% CI 0.816-0.991, P=.03) while the presence of concurrent alimentary lesions (OR: 8.47, 95% CI 1.42-50.4, P=.02) were significantly associated with increased odds of nonsurvival in the short term. Of 156 horses that survived to discharge for which follow-up was available, 152 (97%) were alive for ≥1 year. Increasing age (incremental years) at hospital admission was significantly associated with death after discharge (hazard ratio 1.078, 95% CI 1.002-1.16, P=.049). Recurrence of NSE was documented in 49/211 (23%) horses. The overall change in colic score indicated a reduction in colic in horses following laparoscopic closure of the nephrosplenic space compared with horses that did not have closure of the nephrosplenic space (P<0.001). Conclusions: An increase in PCV from admission to after treatment and concurrent abdominal lesions were associated with increased odds of nonsurvival to discharge in horses with NSE. Horses that underwent laparoscopic closure had reduced colic episodes compared with horses without laparoscopic closure.
© Copyright 2016 by The American College of Veterinary Surgeons.
Publication Date: 2016-09-13 PubMed ID: 27623215DOI: 10.1111/vsu.12549Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This research investigated the factors linked to survival and colic recurrence in horses with nephrosplenic entrapment (NSE), a type of abdominal condition. Among the findings, significant factors affecting short-term survival included a rise in packed cell volume (PCV), the presence of other abdominal lesions, and reduced colic episodes following laparoscopic closure of the nephrosplenic space.
Research Methodology
- The researchers conducted a historic cohort with a nested case control analysis, using medical records of client-owned horses treated for NSE from January 1, 2002, to June 1, 2014.
- Various data was gathered from these records, including signalment (attributes such as age, breed, gender), physical examination parameters, laboratory results, diagnostic findings, and treatments.
- Factors linked to short-term survival till discharge were analyzed using a statistical method known as multivariable logistic regression model, while time to death post-discharge was analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards model.
Results
- During the study period, 211 horses experienced 231 NSE events. Among them, 91% or 192 horses survived to discharge.
- Findings showed that an increase in PCV (calculated by subtracting PCV after treatment from PCV at admission) correlated with reduced odds of survival, with each increment associated with the odds ratio (OR) of 0.899.
- Horses having concurrent alimentary lesions (additional digestive tract issues) had significantly higher odds of nonsurvival in the short term, with an odds ratio of 8.47.
- Out of 156 horses discharged and followed up on, 97% (152 horses) lived for a year or longer. However, increasing age at the time of hospital admission was found to be significantly associated with death following discharge, with a hazard ratio of 1.078.
- Recurrence of NSE took place in 23% (49 out of 211) of studied horses.
- Colic episodes were found to be reduced in horses that underwent laparoscopic closure of the nephrosplenic space, as compared to those that did not have the closure procedure (P<0.001).
Conclusions
- The study identified the increase in PCV and the presence of concurrent abdominal lesions as significant factors related to increased odds of nonsurvival to discharge in horses with NSE.
- Furthermore, laparoscopic closure of the nephrosplenic space was found to decrease the instances of colic episodes, highlighting the efficacy of this procedure in managing NSE in horses.
Cite This Article
APA
Nelson BB, Ruple-Czerniak AA, Hendrickson DA, Hackett ES.
(2016).
Laparoscopic Closure of the Nephrosplenic Space in Horses with Nephrosplenic Colonic Entrapment: Factors Associated with Survival and Colic Recurrence.
Vet Surg, 45(S1), O60-O69.
https://doi.org/10.1111/vsu.12549 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO.
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Colic / surgery
- Colic / veterinary
- Colonic Diseases / surgery
- Colonic Diseases / veterinary
- Female
- Horse Diseases / surgery
- Horses
- Laparoscopy / methods
- Laparoscopy / veterinary
- Male
- Recurrence
- Retrospective Studies
Citations
This article has been cited 5 times.- Spadari A, Gialletti R, Gandini M, Valle E, Cerullo A, Cavallini D, Bertoletti A, Rinnovati R, Forni G, Scilimati N, Giusto G. Short-Term Survival and Postoperative Complications Rates in Horses Undergoing Colic Surgery: A Multicentre Study. Animals (Basel) 2023 Mar 20;13(6).
- Cherdchutham W, Sukhong P, Sae-Oueng K, Supanwinijkul N, Wiangnak K, Srimuang J, Apichaimongkonkun T, Limratchapong S, Petchdee S. Effects of xylazine and adrenaline combinations: Preliminary clinical application for non-surgical protocols of nephrosplenic entrapment in horses. Vet World 2021 Dec;14(12):3188-3193.
- Gialletti R, Nannarone S, Gandini M, Cerullo A, Bertoletti A, Scilimati N, Giusto G. Comparison of Mesh and Barbed Suture for Laparoscopic Nephrosplenic Space Ablation in Horses. Animals (Basel) 2021 Apr 12;11(4).
- Wright S. Highlights of recent clinically relevant papers. Equine Vet Educ 2017 Apr;29(4):178-179.
- Cantarelli C, Cribb NC, Delli-Rocili M, Brisson B, Zur Linden A, Caswell JL. Long-term assessment of nephrosplenic space closure in horses. Can J Vet Res 2026 Jan;90(1):7-15.
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