Molecular and biological characterization of equine infectious anemia virus Rev.
Abstract: Equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) is one of the most divergent members of the lentivirus subfamily of retroviruses and is considered a useful comparative model for molecular studies of lentivirus replication. The Rev protein of EIAV is functionally homologous with other lentiviral Revs and facilitates export of incompletely spliced viral mRNAs through a Crm1-dependent pathway. The trans- and cis-acting elements that mediate EIAV Rev function are similar to, but distinct from, the well-characterized elements in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1), the prototypical Rev protein. In addition, the EIAV rev sequence is highly variable in vivo, and changes in Rev phenotype correlate with changes in clinical stages of EIAV infection. This review summarizes the molecular biology of EIAV Rev-RRE interactions and the consequences of Rev variation in vivo. A comparative perspective of Rev activity may enhance understanding of an essential lentiviral protein and stimulate new strategies for treatment and prevention of lentivirus infections in vivo.
Publication Date: 2010-03-10 PubMed ID: 20210784DOI: 10.2174/157016210790416424Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Review
- Comparative Study
- Diagnosis
- Disease Diagnosis
- Disease Etiology
- Disease Management
- Disease Outbreaks
- Disease Prevention
- Disease Treatment
- Equine Diseases
- Equine Health
- Equine Infectious Anemia
- Equine Science
- Immunology
- Infection
- Infectious Disease
- Molecular biology
- Veterinary Care
- Veterinary Medicine
- Veterinary Research
- Virology
- Virus
Summary
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The research focuses on understanding the structure and function of the “Rev” protein in the equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV). This study also highlights the changes in the Rev protein and their correlation with the clinical stages of EIAV infection.
Molecular Role of the EIAV Rev Protein
The research paper goes into the details of the function of the “Rev” protein in the EIAV.
- The Rev protein is critical for the life cycle of the virus, working similarly across different lentivirus species. It aids in exporting partially spliced viral mRNAs out of the nucleus through a Crm1-dependent pathway. This process is vital for the successful replication of the virus.
- The way the EIAV Rev protein interacts with its host environment differs from the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1), providing interesting insights for further exploration.
Rev Sequence Variability In Vivo
The molecular sequence of the EIAV Rev protein is notably variable when the virus is inside a living organism.
- It has been observed that changes in the phenotype of the Rev protein correspond to changes in the clinical stages of the EIAV infection, demonstrating a significant interplay between the behavior of the virus and the physical manifestations of the disease.
- This understanding of how Rev functions and changes in an infected subject may help in developing new strategies for controlling the spread and impact of EIAV and other lentiviruses.
Comparative Study of Rev in Lentiviruses
The research highlights the necessity of understanding the interaction of the Rev protein with the host organism in different lentiviruses.
- The changes and similarities in Rev protein behavior across different lentiviruses, like HIV-1 and EIAV, can provide broader insights into the function of this critical viral protein.
- This comparative perspective is essential to drive new strategies for the treatment and prevention of lentivirus infections.
Cite This Article
APA
Carpenter S, Dobbs D.
(2010).
Molecular and biological characterization of equine infectious anemia virus Rev.
Curr HIV Res, 8(1), 87-93.
https://doi.org/10.2174/157016210790416424 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3260, USA. scarp@iastate.edu
MeSH Terms
- Alternative Splicing / genetics
- Animals
- Gene Products, rev / physiology
- Genes, env / physiology
- Genes, rev / genetics
- Horses
- Immune Evasion / genetics
- Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine / genetics
- Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine / immunology
- Protein Structure, Secondary
- Virus Replication
Grant Funding
- R01 CA128568 / NCI NIH HHS
- R21 CA097936 / NCI NIH HHS
Citations
This article has been cited 6 times.- Li J, Zhang X, Bai B, Zhang M, Ma W, Lin Y, Wang X, Wang XF. Identification of a Novel Post-transcriptional Transactivator from the Equine Infectious Anemia Virus.. J Virol 2022 Dec 21;96(24):e0121022.
- Zhang X, Li J, Zhang M, Bai B, Ma W, Lin Y, Guo X, Wang XF, Wang X. A Novel, Fully Spliced, Accessory Gene in Equine Lentivirus with Distinct Rev-Responsive Element.. J Virol 2022 Sep 28;96(18):e0098622.
- Ren H, Yin X, Su C, Guo M, Wang XF, Na L, Lin Y, Wang X. Equine lentivirus counteracts SAMHD1 restriction by Rev-mediated degradation of SAMHD1 via the BECN1-dependent lysosomal pathway.. Autophagy 2021 Oct;17(10):2800-2817.
- Jackson PEH, Dzhivhuho G, Rekosh D, Hammarskjold ML. Sequence and Functional Variation in the HIV-1 Rev Regulatory Axis.. Curr HIV Res 2020;18(2):85-98.
- Umunnakwe CN, Dorman KS, Dobbs D, Carpenter S. Identification of a homogenous structural basis for oligomerization by retroviral Rev-like proteins.. Retrovirology 2017 Aug 22;14(1):40.
- Umunnakwe CN, Loyd H, Cornick K, Chavez JR, Dobbs D, Carpenter S. Computational modeling suggests dimerization of equine infectious anemia virus Rev is required for RNA binding.. Retrovirology 2014 Dec 23;11:115.
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