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Home / Equine Research Bank / Animals (Basel) / Morphine with or without Acepromazine in Horses: A Kinematic...
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI2022; 12(9); 1193; doi: 10.3390/ani12091193

Morphine with or without Acepromazine in Horses: A Kinematic Evaluation.

Abstract: The objective was to demonstrate walking locomotor pattern alterations after co-administration of acepromazine and morphine in horses. Six mature horses receiving four different treatments were used. Treatments consisted of a single dose of saline solution, 0.2 mg/kg bwt of morphine hydrochloride, 0.02 mg/kg bwt of acepromazine maleate, and a combination of 0.2 mg/kg bwt of morphine hydrochloride with 0.02 mg/kg bwt of acepromazine maleate. A three-dimensional accelerometric device was used to collect data. Walking tests were performed 10 min prior to injection, and then at 5, 10, 15, and 20 min after the injection, and then every 10 min for 3 h. Eight variables were calculated including stride kinematic, coordination, and energetic parameters; moreover ground-to-lip distance (GLD), as a tranquilization parameter, was also measured. A significant interaction was observed in all the variables studied but regularity, mediolateral power, the propulsive part of the power, and the GLD. An evident counteraction of the effects caused by both, opioids and phenothiazines, in the gait pattern was observed. The co-administration of acepromazine and morphine could allow a safe opiate administration while minimizing the possible central nervous system (CNS) excitation and reducing potential locomotor adverse effects.
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Publication Date: 2022-05-06 PubMed ID: 35565620PubMed Central: PMC9104890DOI: 10.3390/ani12091193Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research involves an investigation on the walking patterns of horses after the combined administration of acepromazine and morphine. A total of six horses were used in the study, and they were observed for their gait patterns and other locomotor attributes under different treatments.

Design of the Experiment

  • The experiment was designed to understand the effects of morphine and acepromazine, separately and together, on the walking pattern of horses. Four treatments were studied: a saline control, only morphine, only acepromazine and a combination of both morphine and acepromazine.
  • For gathering data, a three-dimensional accelerometric device was used. This device helped collect comprehensive data on the movement of the horses while walking.
  • The walking tests were performed multiple times – 10 minutes before giving the injection, and then various points in time after giving injection, up to three hours post-injection.
  • The researchers studied eight variables which included measures of stride, coordination, energy use and tranquillization.

Findings from the Research

  • The study showed significant interaction in all the variables studied, except for walking regularity, sideways power, propulsive power, and tranquillization. This means that all these variables were affected by the administration of drugs to some degree.
  • The results demonstrated a clear concurrency of the effects caused by both, opioids and phenothiazines, in the gait pattern of the horses. Essentially, these effects cancelled each other out, leading to an unaltered overall gait pattern.

Significance of the Research

  • The findings of this study suggest that co-administration of acepromazine and morphine could enable a safe opiate administration while reducing possible central nervous system excitation and minimizing potential adverse effects on locomotion.
  • This is particularly valuable in veterinary medicine where these drugs are often used for pain management and sedation in various procedures. The safe co-administration of these drugs can lead to better quality of care for horses undergoing medical procedures.

Cite This Article

APA
López-Sanromán FJ, Montes Freilich G, Gómez-Cisneros D, Izquierdo-Moreno J, Varela Del Arco M, Manso-Díaz G. (2022). Morphine with or without Acepromazine in Horses: A Kinematic Evaluation. Animals (Basel), 12(9), 1193. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12091193

Publication

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
NlmUniqueID: 101635614
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 12
Issue: 9
PII: 1193

Researcher Affiliations

López-Sanromán, F Javier
  • Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Montes Freilich, G
  • Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Gómez-Cisneros, D
  • Department of Clinicas and Surgery, Universidad de Panamá, Ciudad de Panama 3366, Panama.
Izquierdo-Moreno, J
  • Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Varela Del Arco, M
  • Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Manso-Díaz, G
  • Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 1 times.
  1. Mascaró Triedo CE, Karar S, Abunemeh M, Portier K. Effect of nose twitching on the pupillary dilation in awake and anesthetized horses. Front Vet Sci 2024;11:1412755.
    doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1412755pubmed: 39036796google scholar: lookup
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