Movement between the equine ilium and sacrum: in vivo and in vitro studies.
Abstract: Sacroiliac disease (SID) is an important cause of loss of performance in horses, yet little is known about the biomechanics of movement of the sacroiliac joint (SIJ). Objective: (a) To document the presence of equine SIJ motion by measuring the change in cross-sectional area (CSA) of the dorsal portion of the dorsal sacroiliac ligament (DSIL) during application of manual forces to the pelvis, and to ascertain if this varied between horses with SID and normal horses; (b) To determine the amount and direction of motion available at the equine SIJ using 3-D orientation sensors, and how motion is limited by the DSIL and sacrotuberous ligament. Methods: Study 1: CSA obtained ultrasonographically was compared before and during manual force application to the ilium, on a group of 10 horses, 5 with SID and 5 clinically normal. Study 2: direction and degrees of motion between sacrum and ilium were measured in 8 cadaveric SIJs. 3D orientation sensors were mounted to the fixated sacrum and the moveable ilium, and relative motion recorded between the 2 bones when manual forces were applied to the ilium. Results: Study 1 showed a significant decrease in the CSA of the equine DSIL during application of manual forces to both tuber coxae (TC) (P<0.001) and tuber sacrale (TS) (P<0.001) when compared to at rest. Study 2 described range of motion to be greatest in the transverse or coronal plane, when lateral and oblique forces were applied to the pelvis, and recorded significant increases (P<0.05) in range of motion in the sagittal plane following resection of both the DSIL and sacrotuberous ligament. Conclusions: The change in DSIL CSA with application of manual force may be due to a lengthening of the ligament, reflecting equine SIJ motion in vivo. The motion recorded between ilium and sacrum in vitro suggests that greatest sacroiliac motion may occur in the transverse plane. Increases in range of motion following resection of ligaments give some indication of the role of each ligament.
Publication Date: 2007-04-04 PubMed ID: 17402466DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2006.tb05587.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The research article focuses on exploring the movement between the sacroiliac joint (SIJ) in horses, both in normal conditions and in case of sacroiliac disease (SID), by using ultrasound measurements and testing with 3-D orientation sensors.
Objective
The main objectives of the study were dual-fold:
- Understanding and documenting the motion of the equine SIJ by measuring the change in the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the dorsal portion of the dorsal sacroiliac ligament (DSIL) during manual maneuvers. This evaluation was done to explore any variation between horses with SID and healthy horses.
- To find out the amount and motion direction available in the equine SIJ using 3-D orientation sensors.
Methods
Here, two different studies were conducted for the research:
- Study 1: The CSA was taken ultrasonographically before and during the manual force application to the ilium. The study was carried out on a group of 10 horses, out of which 5 were with SID and 5 were clinically normal.
- Study 2: The motion direction and degrees between sacrum and ilium were measured in 8 cadaveric SIJs using 3D sensors, which were mounted to the fixated sacrum and moveable ilium. The recorded relative motion was collected when manual forces were applied to the ilium.
Results
The results of the research were:
- Study 1 revealed a significant decrease in the DSIL’s CSA during the manual force application to both tuber coxae (TC) and tuber sacrale (TS) when compared to the resting state.
- Study 2 reflected that the range of motion was greatest in the transverse or coronal plane, especially when lateral and oblique forces were applied to the pelvis. Also, significant increases (P<0.05) in the range of motion were recorded in the sagittal plane after the resection of both DSIL and sacrotuberous ligament.
Conclusions
The research concluded that the change in DSIL CSA with the application of manual force may be due to a lengthening of the ligament, indicating equine SIJ motion in vivo. The recorded motion between ilium and sacrum in vitro suggests that the maximum sacroiliac motion may take place in the transverse plane. Removal of ligaments reflected an increased range of motion, reflecting the key role each ligament plays.
Cite This Article
APA
Goff LM, Jasiewicz J, Jeffcott LB, Condie P, McGowan TW, McGowan CM.
(2007).
Movement between the equine ilium and sacrum: in vivo and in vitro studies.
Equine Vet J Suppl(36), 457-461.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3306.2006.tb05587.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Faculty of Natural Resources, Agriculture and Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland 4343, Australia.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Biomechanical Phenomena
- Cadaver
- Case-Control Studies
- Hindlimb / physiology
- Horses / physiology
- Ilium / physiology
- Ligaments, Articular / diagnostic imaging
- Ligaments, Articular / physiology
- Locomotion / physiology
- Range of Motion, Articular
- Sacroiliac Joint / diagnostic imaging
- Sacroiliac Joint / physiology
- Sacrum / physiology
- Ultrasonography
Citations
This article has been cited 1 times.- Maldonado MD, Parkinson SD, Story MR, Haussler KK. The Effect of Chiropractic Treatment on Limb Lameness and Concurrent Axial Skeleton Pain and Dysfunction in Horses. Animals (Basel) 2022 Oct 19;12(20).
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