Nephrosplenic entrapment in the horse: a retrospective study of 174 cases.
Abstract: The clinical findings and outcome of 161 horses diagnosed with 174 episodes of nephrosplenic entrapment (NSE) were reviewed retrospectively. The median age at presentation was 5 years (9 months to 24 years), and duration of colic was 2-92 h. Nasogastric reflux was present in 49 of 113 horses (43.4%) and was significant (> or = 21) in 32 (28.3%) horses. The recurrence rate was 13/161 (8.1%). Thirteen horses (13/174, 7.5%) had other lesions including small intestinal obstruction (4), 360 degrees large colon torsion (5), gastric rupture (2), thromboembolic colic (1) and small colon infarction (1). Of 115 cases, in 107 horses treated by surgery alone, 2 horses required a large colon resection, and 8 (8/107, 7.5%) horses died or were subjected to euthanasia. Twenty-six of 35 horses (74%) were successfully corrected by rolling under general anesthesia and, of the 9 horses taken to surgery after rolling, 4 had other lesions and 2 were corrected at surgery. Phenylephrine was used in 20 of 35 horses that were rolled and 2 horses required surgery after rolling with phenylephrine. Five horses were jogged after phenylephrine administration and all were successfully corrected. Eleven horses presented with the left colon located between the spleen and the body wall were treated successfully by fasting and/or i.v. fluids. One horse had a gastric rupture after rolling. The overall success rate was 92.5%. In conclusion, NSE is a condition associated with a good prognosis for medical or surgical correction. A small number of horses may have additional gastrointestinal lesions, which may affect outcome.
Publication Date: 2001-02-24 PubMed ID: 11202393DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2000.tb05342.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
- Clinical Examination
- Clinical Findings
- Clinical Pathology
- Clinical Signs
- Colic
- Diagnosis
- Disease Diagnosis
- Disease Management
- Disease Treatment
- Equine Health
- Euthanasia
- Horses
- Hospitalization
- Prognosis
- Retrospective Study
- Surgery
- Veterinary Care
- Veterinary Medicine
- Veterinary Practice
- Veterinary Procedure
- Veterinary Research
Summary
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The research article explores clinical findings and outcomes related to nephrosplenic entrapment (NSE) in horses, reviewing 174 cases retrospectively. The study provides significant insights, showing a high success rate of treatment, with potential complications arising from additional gastrointestinal lesions.
Overview of Nephrosplenic Entrapment (NSE)
- NSE is a condition wherein the left colon of a horse gets trapped over the nephrosplenic ligament, connecting the left kidney and spleen, causing abdominal discomfort or colic.
- The median age of horses affected by NSE was 5 years, ranging from as young as 9 months to as old as 24 years.
- The duration of colic caused by NSE varied significantly among the horses ranging from 2 to 92 hours.
Clinical Findings and Treatment Outcomes
- Out of the 113 horses that had nasogastric reflux, a condition where stomach contents move backwards into the throat, 49 cases were identified. 32 of these cases were significant.
- The recurrence rate was found to be 8.1%, recorded in 13 out of 161 horses.
- Some horses presented additional lesions or disease conditions that included small intestinal obstruction, large colon torsion, gastric rupture, thromboembolic colic, and small colon infarction.
- Out of 115 cases, 107 were successfully treated by surgery alone, with only 2 requiring large colon resection.
- General anesthesia and the act of physically rolling the horse were successful in correcting the condition in 26 out of 35 horses. For the 9 taken to surgery post-rolling, 4 had other complications while 2 were rectified through surgical procedures.
- Phenylephrine, a medication used to treat low blood pressure and certain types of irregular heartbeat, was used in 20 of the 35 horses that were rolled. Only 2 required surgery post-medication and rolling.
- The overall success rate of NSE correction was a substantial 92.5%, encompassing both medical and surgical intervention.
- It was also observed that a small number of horses presented with gastrointestinal lesions other than NSE, which could potentially alter the treatment outcome.
Surgery and Medical Intervention
Prognosis and Success Rate
Cite This Article
APA
Hardy J, Minton M, Robertson JT, Beard WL, Beard LA.
(2001).
Nephrosplenic entrapment in the horse: a retrospective study of 174 cases.
Equine Vet J Suppl(32), 95-97.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3306.2000.tb05342.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Ohio State University, 601 Vemon L Tharp, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Colic / therapy
- Colic / veterinary
- Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction / therapy
- Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction / veterinary
- Female
- Horse Diseases / therapy
- Horses
- Male
- Records / veterinary
- Retrospective Studies
- Torsion Abnormality / veterinary
- Treatment Outcome
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