Nephrosplenic entrapment of the large colon in 142 horses (2000-2009): analysis of factors associated with decision of treatment and short-term survival.
Abstract: Previous studies indicate similar overall survival of horses with nephrosplenic entrapment of the large colon (NSE), regardless of treatment strategy. Short-term survival of a primarily conservative treatment strategy without rolling under general anaesthesia (GA) and a low proportion of surgical intervention as well as indicators of short-term nonsurvival has not been documented. Objective: To document short-term survival of horses with NSE treated in a university referral hospital with a low rate of surgical interventions and to determine factors associated with the decision of treatment and short-term nonsurvival. Methods: A retrospective review of medical records of 142 horses diagnosed with NSE between January 2000 and October 2009 was undertaken. Case details and clinical parameters from the initial examination, treatment and outcome were recorded. Factors associated with decision of treatment and short-term survival were identified by multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: Warmblood breeds were over-represented in comparison to the general colic population. Overall short-term survival was 91.5% (130/142) which is similar to previous studies. Three horses considered to be in need of surgery were subjected to euthanasia for economical reasons before treatment. Of 114 conservatively treated horses, 110 (96.5%) survived, as did 20/25 (80%) of surgically treated horses. Nine conservatively managed horses were treated with phenylephrine. Gastric reflux (P = 0.0077), pain (P = 0.024) and abdominal distension (P = 0.05) were associated with the decision to treat surgically. Increased heart rate (P<0.001), and surgery (P = 0.032) were associated with reduced likelihood of short-term survival. Conclusions: Overall short-term survival was similar to that reported in previous studies with higher proportions of surgically managed cases. Consequently, horses with NSE should be managed by a primarily conservative treatment strategy, with the decision to treat surgically based on specific evidence based criteria.
© 2011 EVJ Ltd.
Publication Date: 2011-08-04 PubMed ID: 21790756DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2011.00376.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The study focuses on the survival rates of horses with a specific type of colon entrapment (nephrosplenic entrapment or NSE) and the factors that influence decisions on treatment methods and short-term survival. The study suggests that a conservative treatment strategy without surgery is the most effective for survival, with surgical interventions necessary only under specific circumstances.
Research Methodology
- The study involved reviewing the medical records of 142 horses diagnosed with NSE from January 2000 to October 2009.
- Data for each case including details about the initial examination, treatment, and outcome was recorded.
- To identify potential factors influencing treatment decisions and short-term survival, a multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted.
Results and Findings
- Warmblood breeds had a higher incidence of NSE compared to the general colic population.
- Overall short-term survival was 91.5% (130/142), similar to results obtained from previous studies.
- Out of 114 horses that underwent conservative treatment, about 96.5% survived, while 80% of the 25 surgically treated horses survived.
- There were certain symptoms associated with the decision to pursue surgical intervention – gastric reflux, pain, and abdominal distension.
- Factors reducing the likelihood of short-term survival included increased heart rate and surgical intervention.
Conclusion and Recommendations
- The study concluded that the short-term survival rate of horses with NSE was consistent with previous studies which included a higher proportion of surgically managed cases.
- The researchers recommend a primarily conservative treatment strategy for managing horses with NSE.
- Surgical intervention should only be considered based on specific, evidence-based criteria.
Cite This Article
APA
Lindegaard C, Ekstrøm CT, Wulf SB, Vendelbo JM, Andersen PH.
(2011).
Nephrosplenic entrapment of the large colon in 142 horses (2000-2009): analysis of factors associated with decision of treatment and short-term survival.
Equine Vet J Suppl(39), 63-68.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3306.2011.00376.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Large Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. cli@life.ku.dk
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Colic / mortality
- Colic / pathology
- Colic / therapy
- Colonic Diseases / mortality
- Colonic Diseases / pathology
- Colonic Diseases / therapy
- Decision Making
- Digestive System Surgical Procedures / veterinary
- Female
- Horse Diseases / mortality
- Horse Diseases / pathology
- Horse Diseases / therapy
- Horses
- Logistic Models
- Male
- Time Factors
Citations
This article has been cited 5 times.- Cherdchutham W, Sukhong P, Sae-Oueng K, Supanwinijkul N, Wiangnak K, Srimuang J, Apichaimongkonkun T, Limratchapong S, Petchdee S. Effects of xylazine and adrenaline combinations: Preliminary clinical application for non-surgical protocols of nephrosplenic entrapment in horses. Vet World 2021 Dec;14(12):3188-3193.
- Kaufman JM, Nekouei O, Doyle AJ, Biermann NM. Clinical findings, diagnoses, and outcomes of horses presented for colic to a referral hospital in Atlantic Canada (2000-2015). Can Vet J 2020 Mar;61(3):281-288.
- Christophersen MT, Dupont N, Berg-Sørensen KS, Konnerup C, Pihl TH, Andersen PH. Short-term survival and mortality rates in a retrospective study of colic in 1588 Danish horses. Acta Vet Scand 2014 Apr 8;56(1):20.
- Cantarelli C, Cribb NC, Delli-Rocili M, Brisson B, Zur Linden A, Caswell JL. Long-term assessment of nephrosplenic space closure in horses. Can J Vet Res 2026 Jan;90(1):7-15.
- Azizi S, Mazaheri-Khameneh R, Davoodi F, Gooran MM, Ghoreishi SS, Mozaffari N, Dalir-Naghadeh B. Unusual left colon displacement and clockwise torsion in a 10-month-old Arab filly: A case report. Vet Med Sci 2024 Jul;10(4):e1481.
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