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Frontiers in veterinary science2019; 5; 328; doi: 10.3389/fvets.2018.00328

Osteochondroma of the First Phalanx in Tbourida Horses.

Abstract: This study aimed at describing anatomo-histopathological and imaging features, using computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging on six forelimbs of Tbourida horses, that presented a particular bone exostosis on the dorsal and proximal part of the first phalanx, diagnosed by X-ray. Gross anatomy of the bone exostosis revealed an irregular surface with poly-lobulated tissue masses showing a cauliflower shape. The diameter/depth varied from 0.5 to 5.1 cm with a mean of 3.9 ± 0.9 cm. The capsule of the metacarpophalangeal joint was hypertrophic and showed many invaginations in the inner part, in contact with the bone exostosis. Computed tomography revealed cortical and medullary continuity of the bone exostosis, with the underlying bone, and remodeling of the cortical surface of the dorsal and proximal part of the first phalanx. Magnetic resonance imaging showed an increased signal intensity of the bone exostosis on the T1- and T2-weighted gradient fast echo. Histological examination of the bone exostosis revealed a cap of hyaline cartilage, including large foci of endochondral ossification with a base of cancellous bone surrounding marrow spaces, which confirmed the diagnosis of osteochondroma. The capsule of the metacarpophalangeal joint showed a large amount of recently formed connective tissue fibers in its inner part, interspersed with mature connective tissue. The hyperextension of the metacarpophalangeal joint during a Tbourida show, which occurs on a hard ground surface, and the use of hobbles in horse stabling are most likely responsible for the outgrowth of an osteochondroma of different shapes and sizes, and fracture complications in some cases.
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Publication Date: 2019-01-08 PubMed ID: 30671439PubMed Central: PMC6331405DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2018.00328Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research investigated an unusual bone growth condition, osteochondroma, in Tbourida horses, using various imaging methods and histological examinations. It also identified the possible cause for the condition as excess stress on the joints due to the distinctive hyperextension movements during Tbourida shows and use of hobbles.

Study Methods

  • The study made use of computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and X-ray techniques to investigate symptomatic forelimbs in six Tbourida horses.
  • Gross anatomy of the bone exostosis, or abnormal bone growth, was closely studied, which revealed physical features of the condition such as an uneven cauliflower-like surface and varying depth/diameter measurements.
  • CT scans were used to determine the continuity of the bone exostosis with the underlying bone. The scans also revealed any remodeling of the local bone surface. MRI further revealed the intensity of signals from the bone exostosis.
  • Microscopic histological examinations of the bone exostosis were carried out to reveal minute details that confirmed the diagnosis of osteochondroma. This involved identifying a cap of hyaline cartilage, areas of endochondral ossification, and a base of spongy bone surrounding marrow spaces.

Findings

  • The findings revealed an osteochondroma condition, characterized by irregular and cauliflower-shaped bone exostosis on the dorsal and proximal parts of the first phalanx.
  • The hypertrophy of the metacarpophalangeal joint’s capsule along with many inner invaginations were found. This indicated the joint’s exceptional growth or enlargement.
  • CT and MRI findings revealed the correlation of the bone exostosis with the first phalanx, and histological examinations confirmed the diagnosis of osteochondroma.
  • New connective tissue fibers, along with mature connections, were found in the inner parts of the joint’s capsule. This suggested recent growth or repair activity.
  • The unusual hyperextension of the metacarpophalangeal joint during Tbourida shows, which happen on a hard surface, as well as the use of hobbles in horse stabling could be the main causes of the condition. This activity subjected the joint to unusual stress and pressure, leading to abnormal bone growth, osteochondroma and possibly fractures in certain cases.

Implications

  • The study offers a thorough understanding of osteochondroma in Tbourida horses, including detailed physical, imaging and histological characteristics.
  • The highlighted activities placing unusual stress on the horses’ joints could help in considering preventive measures or changing practices to reduce the risk of the condition.
  • This research could also be useful for better diagnosis and treatment of osteochondroma in similar cases involving other horse species or animals with similar skeletal structure.

Cite This Article

APA
Seghrouchni M, Bollo E, Piro M, Alyakine H, Bouayad H, Chakir J, Azrib R, Allali KE. (2019). Osteochondroma of the First Phalanx in Tbourida Horses. Front Vet Sci, 5, 328. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2018.00328

Publication

Frontiers in veterinary science
ISSN: 2297-1769
NlmUniqueID: 101666658
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 5
Pages: 328
PII: 328

Researcher Affiliations

Seghrouchni, Mohammed
  • Hassan II Institute of Agronomy and Veterinary, Veterinary University Hospital, Rabat, Morocco.
Bollo, Enrico
  • Department of Veterinary Science, University of Torino, Turin, Italy.
Piro, Mohamed
  • Department of Medicine Reproduction and Surgery, Hassan II Institute of Agronomy and Veterinary, Rabat, Morocco.
Alyakine, Hassan
  • Department of Medicine Reproduction and Surgery, Hassan II Institute of Agronomy and Veterinary, Rabat, Morocco.
Bouayad, Hassan
  • Department of Medicine Reproduction and Surgery, Hassan II Institute of Agronomy and Veterinary, Rabat, Morocco.
Chakir, Jamal
  • The Royal Guard, Rabat, Morocco.
Azrib, Rahma
  • Department of Medicine Reproduction and Surgery, Hassan II Institute of Agronomy and Veterinary, Rabat, Morocco.
Allali, Khalid El
  • Comparative Anatomy Unit, Department of Biological and Pharmaceutical Veterinary Sciences, Hassan II Institute of Agronomy and Veterinary, Rabat, Morocco.

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Citations

This article has been cited 3 times.
  1. Abushhiwa MH, Elmeshreghi TN, Alrtib AM, Bennour EM, Oheida AH. First phalanx exostosis in traditional equestrian horses in Western Libya. Open Vet J 2022 Jan-Feb;12(1):69-74.
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  2. Seghrouchni M, Elkasraoui H, Piro M, Alyakine H, Bouayad H, Chakir J, Tligui N, Elallali K, Azrib R. Osteoarticular radiographic findings of the distal forelimbs in Tbourida Horses. Heliyon 2019 Sep;5(9):e02514.
    doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02514pubmed: 31687602google scholar: lookup
  3. Ralletti MV, Meistro F, Tarasconi MA, Mandrioli L, Renzi A, Rinnovati R, Spadari A. Extraskeletal chondroma of the tongue in a two-year-old quarter horse colt: a case report. Vet Res Commun 2025 Sep 29;49(6):334.
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