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Parasites & vectors2023; 16(1); 64; doi: 10.1186/s13071-022-05645-5

Patterns of variation in equine strongyle community structure across age groups and gut compartments.

Abstract: Equine strongyles encompass more than 64 species of nematode worms that are responsible for growth retardation and the death of animals. The factors underpinning variation in the structure of the equine strongyle community remain unknown. Methods: Using horse-based strongyle community data collected after horse deworming (48 horses in Poland, 197 horses in Ukraine), we regressed species richness and the Gini-Simpson index upon the horse's age, faecal egg count, sex and operation of origin. Using the Ukrainian observations, we applied a hierarchical diversity partitioning framework to estimate how communities were remodelled across operations, age groups and horses. Lastly, strongyle species counts collected after necropsy (46 horses in France, 150 in Australia) were considered for analysis of their co-occurrences across intestinal compartments using a joint species distribution modelling approach. Results: First, inter-operation variation accounted for > 45% of the variance in species richness or the Gini-Simpson index (which relates to species dominance in communities). Species richness decreased with horse's age (P = 0.01) and showed a mild increase with parasite egg excretion (P < 0.1), but the Gini-Simpson index was neither associated with parasite egg excretion (P = 0.8) nor with horse age (P = 0.37). Second, within-host diversity represented half of the overall diversity across Ukrainian operations. While this is expected to erase species diversity across communities, community dissimilarity between horse age classes was the second most important contributor to overall diversity (25.8%). Third, analysis of species abundance data quantified at necropsy defined a network of positive co-occurrences between the four most prevalent strongyle genera. This pattern was common to necropsies performed in France and Australia. Conclusions: Taken together, these results show a pattern of β-diversity maintenance across age classes combined with positive co-occurrences that might be grounded by priority effects between the major species.
© 2023. The Author(s).
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Publication Date: 2023-02-11 PubMed ID: 36765420PubMed Central: PMC9921056DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05645-5Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research paper investigates the variation in the strongyle community structure within horses based on age and gut compartments, using data across different geographical locations in Poland, Ukraine, France and Australia. It finds that diversity was mostly maintained across different age groups and strongyle genera frequently co-occur.

Study Methodology

  • The researchers used data collected from horses that had undergone deworming treatment in Poland and Ukraine. Strongyle species richness and Gini-Simpson index (which measures species dominance) were assessed against the horse’s age, sex, faecal egg count, and location.
  • The Ukrainian data was further utilized to estimate how strongyle communities differ across different operations, age groups and individual horses using hierarchical diversity partitioning framework.
  • Species counts from necropsy samples (post-mortem examination determining cause of death) from horses in France and Australia were analyzed to study co-occurrences of strongyle species across different intestinal compartments.

Findings and Conclusions

  • The analysis revealed strong variation between operations, contributing to over 45% of variance in species richness and the Gini-Simpson index. Strongyle species richness was found to decrease with a horse’s age, and mildly increase with the count of parasite eggs.
  • The within-host diversity represented half of the total diversity seen across Ukrainian operations. This, however, didn’t negatively impact the species diversity across communities. Rather, community dissimilarity between different age groups of horses was found to be the second most important aspect contributing to overall diversity (25.8%).
  • A network of positive co-occurrences was detailed between the four most common strongyle genera, as per the analysis of species abundance data quantified at necropsy. This pattern was common across both France and Australia.
  • The overall results suggested good maintenance of β-diversity across horse age classes and many positive co-occurrences, possibly indicating priority relationships between the main species.

Cite This Article

APA
Boisseau M, Mach N, Basiaga M, Kuzmina T, Laugier C, Sallé G. (2023). Patterns of variation in equine strongyle community structure across age groups and gut compartments. Parasit Vectors, 16(1), 64. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-022-05645-5

Publication

Parasites & vectors
ISSN: 1756-3305
NlmUniqueID: 101462774
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 16
Issue: 1
Pages: 64
PII: 64

Researcher Affiliations

Boisseau, Michel
  • INRE, ISP, Université de Tours, Nouzilly, France.
  • IHAP, INRAE, ENVT, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
Mach, Núria
  • IHAP, INRAE, ENVT, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
Basiaga, Marta
  • Department of Zoology and Animal Welfare, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agriculture in Kraków, 24/28 Mickiewicza Av., 30-059, Cracow, Poland.
Kuzmina, Tetiana
  • Department of Parasitology I.I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences (NAS) of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine.
  • Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 040 01, Kosice, Slovak Republic.
Laugier, Claire
  • Conseil Général de l'Alimentation, de l'Agriculture et Des Espaces Ruraux, Ministère de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation, Paris, France.
Sallé, Guillaume
  • INRE, ISP, Université de Tours, Nouzilly, France. guillaume.salle@inrae.fr.

MeSH Terms

  • Horses
  • Animals
  • Anthelmintics / therapeutic use
  • Strongyle Infections, Equine / drug therapy
  • Strongyle Infections, Equine / parasitology
  • Parasite Egg Count / veterinary
  • Feces / parasitology
  • Body Fluids
  • Horse Diseases / parasitology

Grant Funding

  • CYATHOMIX / Institut Franu00e7ais du cheval et de l'u00e9quitation
  • CYATHOMIX / Fonds u00c9peron

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no competing interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 6 times.
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