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Home / Equine Research Bank / BMC Vet Res / Periodontal biomechanics: finite element simulations of clos...
BMC veterinary research2012; 8; 60; doi: 10.1186/1746-6148-8-60

Periodontal biomechanics: finite element simulations of closing stroke and power stroke in equine cheek teeth.

Abstract: In equine dentistry periodontal diseases, especially periapical inflammation, are frequently occurring problems. Anachoresis is believed to be the most common cause for the development of such disorders. Nevertheless, there is still no substantiated explanation why settlement of pathogen microorganisms occurs in equine periodontal tissues. It is expected that excessive strains and stresses occurring in the periodontal ligament (PDL) during the horse's chewing cycle might be a predisposing factor. In this study this assumption was examined by finite element (FE) analyses on virtual 3-D models of equine maxillary and mandibular cheek teeth, established on the basis of μCT datasets. Calculations were conducted both under conditions of closing and power stroke. Results: Results showed a uniform distribution of low stresses and strain energy density (SED) during closing stroke, whereas during power stroke an occurrence of high stresses and SED could be observed in the PDL near the alveolar crest and in periapical regions. Conclusions: The concentration of forces during power stroke in these specific areas of the PDL may cause local tissue necrosis and inflammation and thus establish a suitable environment for the settlement of microorganisms.
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Publication Date: 2012-07-11 PubMed ID: 22607543PubMed Central: PMC3583254DOI: 10.1186/1746-6148-8-60Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
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  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The abstract summarises a research study that uses 3-D modelling and finite element (FE) analysis to investigate why pathogen microorganisms often settle in the periodontal tissues of horses. The study suggests that high stresses and strain energy density experienced by the periodontal ligament during a horse’s chewing cycle might be a contributing factor.

Objective of the Study

  • The study aims to investigate the causes of periodontal diseases, particularly periapical inflammation, in horses, which are common problems in equine dentistry. Anachoresis, the process of attracting or absorbing smaller particles or organisms, is typically attributed as the cause for such disorders. However, there isn’t a profound explanation why these pathogens settle in the periodontal tissues of horses.

Methods and Approach

  • The study uses finite element analysis, a mathematical technique for predicting how an object reacts to real-world forces, vibration, heat, and other physical effects, to examine whether excessive strains and stresses on a horse’s periodontal ligament (PDL) during chewing could be a predisposing factor to these dental issues.
  • The researchers developed three-dimensional models of equine maxillary (upper jaw) and mandibular (lower jaw) cheek teeth based on Microcomputed Tomography (μCT) datasets to carry out these FE analyses.
  • The FE calculations were conducted under conditions of “closing stroke” and “power stroke”, which represent different stages of the horse’s chewing cycle.

Findings

  • During the closing stroke, there was a uniform distribution of low stresses and strain energy density (SED) across the PDL. However, during the power stroke, high stresses and SED were observed in the PDL near the alveolar crest (the highest point of the alveolar ridges of the jaw where the teeth are anchored) and in periapical regions (the area surrounding the tooth root).

Conclusion

  • The researchers concluded that these high concentrations of forces experienced during the power stroke in specific areas of the PDL could cause local tissue necrosis (death of body tissues) and inflammation. This could create a conducive environment for the settlement of microorganisms, hence leading to periodontal diseases.

Cite This Article

APA
Cordes V, Lüpke M, Gardemin M, Seifert H, Staszyk C. (2012). Periodontal biomechanics: finite element simulations of closing stroke and power stroke in equine cheek teeth. BMC Vet Res, 8, 60. https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-6148-8-60

Publication

BMC veterinary research
ISSN: 1746-6148
NlmUniqueID: 101249759
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 8
Pages: 60

Researcher Affiliations

Cordes, Vanessa
  • Institute of Anatomy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bischofsholer Damm 15, Hannover, D-30173, Germany. Vanessa.Cordes@vetmed.uni-giessen.de
Lüpke, Matthias
    Gardemin, Moritz
      Seifert, Hermann
        Staszyk, Carsten

          MeSH Terms

          • Animals
          • Biomechanical Phenomena / physiology
          • Computer Simulation
          • Finite Element Analysis
          • Horses / physiology
          • Mastication / physiology
          • Periodontal Ligament / physiology
          • Tooth / physiology

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          Citations

          This article has been cited 1 times.
          1. Pöschke A, Krähling B, Failing K, Staszyk C. Molecular Characteristics of the Equine Periodontal Ligament. Front Vet Sci 2017;4:235.
            doi: 10.3389/fvets.2017.00235pubmed: 29376061google scholar: lookup
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