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Home / Equine Research Bank / Vet Sci / Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction (PPID) in Horses.
Veterinary sciences2022; 9(10); 556; doi: 10.3390/vetsci9100556

Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction (PPID) in Horses.

Abstract: Substantial morbidity results from pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) which is often underestimated by owners and veterinarians. Clinical signs, pathophysiology, diagnostic tests, and treatment protocols of this condition are reviewed. The importance of improved recognition of early clinical signs and diagnosis are highlighted, as initiation of treatment will result in improved quality of life. Future research should be targeted at improving the accuracy of the diagnosis of PPID, as basal adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) concentration can lack sensitivity and thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) used to assess ACTH response to TRH stimulation is not commercially available as a sterile registered product in many countries. The relationship between PPID and insulin dysregulation and its association with laminitis, as well as additional management practices and long-term responses to treatment with pergolide also require further investigation.
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Publication Date: 2022-10-10 PubMed ID: 36288169PubMed Central: PMC9611634DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9100556Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study examines the high prevalence and adverse effects of Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction (PPID) in horses, discussing diagnosis methods, treatment strategies, and areas for further research. It stresses on the importance of early detection and treatment initiation, for improving the overall wellbeing of affected horses.

Overview of PPID

  • The research focuses on a common endocrine disorder in horses, known as Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction (PPID). PPID leads to significant health issues, and its severity is often underestimated by horse owners and veterinarians. Hence, it highlights the importance of an early, accurate diagnosis for effective treatment outcomes.

Clinical Signs and Pathophysiology

  • A comprehensive review of the clinical manifestations and the pathophysiological mechanisms of PPID is presented, stressing on the significance of being able to recognize the early signs of the condition.

Diagnostic Tests

  • The paper discusses the existing diagnostic tests for PPID. However, it underlines an issue of accuracy mentioning that the basal adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) concentration test, a common diagnostic tool, may lack sensitivity. Moreover, the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stim test, another diagnostic method, is inaccessible in many countries as a commercial, sterile registered product.

Treatment Protocols

  • The authors also review treatment strategies suggesting that timely initiation of treatment will result in an improved quality of life for the horses. Unfortunately, many patients are not diagnosed until the disease has significantly progressed, making ideal treatment more challenging.

Future Research

  • The paper points out that there are areas requiring further research. This includes improving the accuracy of PPID diagnosis and investigating the relationship between PPID, insulin dysregulation, and its association with laminitis. The authors also suggest studying additional management practices and evaluating the long-term responses to the primary medicine used for treatment, pergolide.

Cite This Article

APA
Kirkwood NC, Hughes KJ, Stewart AJ. (2022). Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction (PPID) in Horses. Vet Sci, 9(10), 556. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9100556

Publication

Veterinary sciences
ISSN: 2306-7381
NlmUniqueID: 101680127
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 9
Issue: 10
PII: 556

Researcher Affiliations

Kirkwood, Naomi C
  • School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia.
Hughes, Kristopher J
  • School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia.
Stewart, Allison J
  • School of Veterinary Science, Gatton Campus, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 1 times.
  1. Kirkwood NC, Hughes KJ, Stewart AJ. Prospective Case Series of Clinical Signs and Adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) Concentrations in Seven Horses Transitioning to Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction (PPID).. Vet Sci 2022 Oct 17;9(10).
    doi: 10.3390/vetsci9100572pubmed: 36288186google scholar: lookup
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