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Animals : an open access journal from MDPI2024; 14(22); 3222; doi: 10.3390/ani14223222

Preliminary Functional Analysis of the Gut Microbiome in Colic Horses.

Abstract: The gut microbiome plays a critical role in maintaining horse health, influencing digestion, immunity, and overall well-being. However, in certain conditions like colic, there is evidence of significant alterations in the microbial community. To analyze the composition of the fecal microbiome and the enriched predicted metabolic functions of horses with colic compared to a control group, 14 horses with colic and 14 control horses were recruited. From a stool sample, DNA extraction was carried out for subsequent 16S rRNA metagenomic analysis. The composition of the microbiome was analyzed from the sequences of each sample using the QIIME version 1.8.0 and DADA2 version 1.22 programs. PICRUSt2 was used to predict metabolic functions. Statistical analyses were performed with the Mann-Whitney U test from the Python scipy v1 package. The gut microbiomes of both groups were dominated by , , and phyla. Colic in horses was associated with reduced diversity, reduced abundance of , and an increase in . The abundance of was negatively correlated with and The equine colic microbiome was predicted to be enriched in aerobic respiration pathways and fatty acid and amino acid degradation. These observations indicate discrete but important differences in the gut microbiome of colic horses.
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Publication Date: 2024-11-10 PubMed ID: 39595275PubMed Central: PMC11590964DOI: 10.3390/ani14223222Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The study explores the differences in the gut microbiome between horses suffering from colic as compared to healthy ones, identifying reduced diversity in the gut microbiome and changes in abundance of certain bacterial groups in colic horses.

Objectives and Methodology

This research study had a main objective to investigate and understand the composition and functioning of the gut microbiome in colic horses. It aimed to further understand the condition of colic in horses, using gut microbiome as an essential indicator. A total of 28 horses were included in this study, 14 of which were suffering from colic and the rest were taken as control group.

  • A stool sample was taken from each horse for DNA extraction and subsequent 16S rRNA metagenomic analysis.
  • Next, the extracted DNA was analyzed using QIIME version 1.8.0 and DADA2 version 1.22 programs to determine the composition of the microbiome.
  • Metabolic functions were predicted using PICRUSt2, a bioinformatics software application designed to predict the metabolic functional characteristics.
  • Statistical analyses were performed using the Mann-Whitney U test from the Python scipy v1 package. This statistical test is commonly employed for comparing differences between two independent groups.

Findings

The key findings of the study were as follows:

  • The gut microbiome of both groups of horses was mainly made up of three types of bacterial phyla, indicating core commonalities in the microbiome structure among horses.
  • The colic horses showed decreased microbiome diversity compared to the control group, implying a potential role of microbial imbalance in the disease.
  • The microbial composition also differed between the colic and control horses in terms of the abundance of various bacteria.
  • The research also found a negative correlation between the abundance of a certain bacteria and two others in the gut of colic horses. This correlation hints at a possible interaction between these bacteria, which could influence the horse’s susceptibility to colic.
  • The gut microbiome of colic horses was noted to show potential enrichment in certain metabolic processes such as aerobic respiration pathways and fatty acid and amino acid degradation. This observation could potentially suggest the microbiome’s adaptation to inflammation or other stress conditions.

Conclusion

The study concludes that important differences exist in the gut microbiome between healthy horses and those suffering from colic. While the findings are preliminary and require further validation, they suggest possible linkage between gut microbiome imbalances and horse colic. This research makes significant contribution to understanding the role of gut microbes in equine health and its potential implications for diagnosis, treatment and prevention strategies for colic in horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Thomson P, Garrido D, Santibáñez R, Lara F. (2024). Preliminary Functional Analysis of the Gut Microbiome in Colic Horses. Animals (Basel), 14(22), 3222. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14223222

Publication

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
NlmUniqueID: 101635614
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 14
Issue: 22
PII: 3222

Researcher Affiliations

Thomson, Pamela
  • Laboratorio de Microbiología Clínica y Microbioma, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 7550196, Chile.
Garrido, Daniel
  • Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Bioprocesos, Facultad de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile.
Santibáñez, Rodrigo
  • Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Bioprocesos, Facultad de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile.
Lara, Felipe
  • Unidad de Medicina y Cirugía Equina, Hospital Clínico Veterinario, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 7550196, Chile.

Grant Funding

  • 11231174 / ANID. FONDECYT Iniciaciu00f3n

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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