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Home / Equine Research Bank / Equine Vet J / Repeatability of subjective evaluation of lameness in horses...
Equine veterinary journal2010; 42(2); 92-97; doi: 10.2746/042516409X479568

Repeatability of subjective evaluation of lameness in horses.

Abstract: Previous studies have suggested that agreement between equine veterinarians subjectively evaluating lameness in horses is low. These studies were limited to small numbers of horses, evaluating movement on the treadmill or to evaluating previously-recorded videotape. Objective: To estimate agreement between equine practitioners performing lameness evaluations in horses in the live, over ground setting. Methods: 131 mature horses were evaluated for lameness by 2-5 clinicians (mean 3.2) with a weighted-average of 18.7 years of experience. Clinicians graded each limb using the AAEP lameness scale by first watching the horse trot in a straight line only and then after full lameness evaluation. Agreement was estimated by calculation of Fleiss' (kappa). Evaluators agreed if they picked the same limb as lame or not lame regardless of the severity of perceived lameness. Results: After only evaluating the horse trot in a straight line clinicians agreed whether a limb was lame or not 76.6% of the time (kappa= 0.44). After full lameness evaluation clinicians agreed whether a limb was lame or not 72.9% of the time (kappa= 0.45). Agreement on forelimb lameness was slightly higher than on hindlimb lameness. When the mean AAEP lameness score was >1.5 clinicians agreed whether or not a limb was lame 93.1% of the time (kappa= 0.86), but when the mean score was < or = 1.5 they agreed 61.9% (kappa= 0.23) of the time. When given the task of picking whether or not the horse was lame and picking the worst limb after full lameness evaluation, clinicians agreed 51.6% (kappa= 0.37) of the time. Conclusions: For horses with mild lameness subjective evaluation of lameness is not very reliable. Conclusions: A search for and the development of more objective and reliable methods of lameness evaluation is justified and should be encouraged and supported.
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Publication Date: 2010-02-17 PubMed ID: 20156242DOI: 10.2746/042516409X479568Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research study explores the repeatability and reliability of subjective evaluation of lameness in horses by equine veterinarians. It concludes that for mild cases of lameness, these subjective evaluations are not very reliable, hence highlighting the need for more objective and reliable methods of lameness evaluation.

Objective and Methods of the Study

The main objective of this study was to gauge the level of agreement among equine practitioners while evaluating lameness in horses in a live setting.

  • A total of 131 horses were employed in this study. Each horse was evaluated for lameness by 2 to 5 clinicians who, on average, had about 18.7 years of veterinary experience.
  • The clinicians used the AAEP lameness scale to grade each limb of the horse. Initially, this involved making observations while the horse trots in a straight line, followed by a more comprehensive lameness evaluation.
  • The consistency of these subjective evaluations was then assessed using Fleiss’ kappa statistic – a measure of agreement for quantitative data.

Key Findings

The main findings from this study revolved around the level of agreement among clinicians in identifying which limbs were lame.

  • When only observing trotting in a straight line, the clinicians reached a consensus on whether or not a limb was lame about 76.6% of the time.
  • The level of agreement fell marginally to 72.9% after a comprehensive lameness evaluation.
  • Agreement was better for cases of lameness in the forelimbs as compared to the hindlimb lameness.
  • There was a high level of agreement (93.1%) when the AAEP lameness score exceeded 1.5, but this dropped substantially to 61.9% when the mean score was less or equal to 1.5.
  • The overall agreement was merely 51.6% when practitioners were asked to decide whether the horse was lame and then identify the worst affected limb, after full evaluation.

Conclusions

A major conclusion that comes from this research is that subjective evaluations for lameness can be quite unreliable, particularly for mild cases.

  • Given the inconsistent grading among experienced practitioners, especially in cases of mild lameness, the study emphasizes the urgent need for the development of more objective and precise methods for evaluating lameness in horses.
  • These objective techniques should improve the identification and treatment of lameness, leading to better outcomes for affected horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Keegan KG, Dent EV, Wilson DA, Janicek J, Kramer J, Lacarrubba A, Walsh DM, Cassells MW, Esther TM, Schiltz P, Frees KE, Wilhite CL, Clark JM, Pollitt CC, Shaw R, Norris T. (2010). Repeatability of subjective evaluation of lameness in horses. Equine Vet J, 42(2), 92-97. https://doi.org/10.2746/042516409X479568

Publication

Equine veterinary journal
ISSN: 0425-1644
NlmUniqueID: 0173320
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 42
Issue: 2
Pages: 92-97

Researcher Affiliations

Keegan, K G
  • Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.
Dent, E V
    Wilson, D A
      Janicek, J
        Kramer, J
          Lacarrubba, A
            Walsh, D M
              Cassells, M W
                Esther, T M
                  Schiltz, P
                    Frees, K E
                      Wilhite, C L
                        Clark, J M
                          Pollitt, C C
                            Shaw, R
                              Norris, T

                                MeSH Terms

                                • Animals
                                • Horse Diseases / diagnosis
                                • Horses
                                • Lameness, Animal / diagnosis
                                • Observer Variation

                                Citations

                                This article has been cited 55 times.
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