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Journal of animal science2021; 99(10); skab272; doi: 10.1093/jas/skab272

Responses to an intra-articular lipopolysaccharide challenge following dietary supplementation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product in young horses.

Abstract: Dietary intervention may be a valuable strategy to optimize the intra-articular environment in young horses to prolong their performance career. To test the hypothesis that dietary supplementation of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product would reduce markers of joint inflammation and increase markers of cartilage metabolism following a single inflammatory insult, Quarter Horse yearlings (mean ± SD; 9 ± 1.0 mo) were balanced by age, sex, body weight (BW), and farm of origin and randomly assigned to the following treatment groups: 1.25% BW/d (dry matter basis) custom-formulated concentrate only (CON; n = 9) or concentrate top-dressed with 21 g/d S. cerevisiae fermentation product (SCFP; n = 10) for 98 d. Horses had ad libitum access to Coastal bermudagrass hay. On day 84, one randomly selected radial carpal joint from each horse was injected with 0.5 ng lipopolysaccharide (LPS) solution. The remaining carpal joint was injected with sterile lactated Ringer's solution as a contralateral control. Synovial fluid obtained before supplementation (day 0) and on day 84 at preinjection hour 0 and 6, 12, 24, 168, and 336 h postinjection was analyzed for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), carboxypropeptide of type II collagen (CPII), and collagenase cleavage neopeptide (C2C) by commercial assays. Rectal temperature, heart rate, respiration rate, carpal surface temperature, and carpal circumference were recorded prior to each sample collection and for 24 h postinjection. Data were analyzed using linear models with repeated measures. From day 0 to 84, synovial C2C declined (P ≤ 0.01) and the CPII:C2C ratio increased (P ≤ 0.01) in all horses with no effect of diet. In response to intra-articular LPS, synovial PGE2 increased by hour 6 (P ≤ 0.01) and returned to baseline by hour 336; CPII increased by hour 12, remained elevated through hour 168 (P ≤ 0.01), and returned to baseline by hour 336; and C2C increased by hour 6 (P ≤ 0.01) but did not return to baseline through hour 336 (P ≤ 0.01). Post-intra-articular injection, PGE2 levels were lower in SCFP than CON horses (P = 0.01) regardless of injection type. Synovial CPII and the CPII:C2C ratio demonstrated stability during the LPS challenge in SCFP compared with CON horses (P ≤ 0.01). Clinical parameters were not influenced by diet but increased in response to repeated arthrocentesis (P ≤ 0.01). Dietary SCFP may favorably modulate intra-articular inflammation following an acute stressor and influence cartilage turnover in young horses.
© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society of Animal Science.
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Publication Date: 2021-10-08 PubMed ID: 34619765PubMed Central: PMC8557629DOI: 10.1093/jas/skab272Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research investigates how dietary supplementation of a product derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation can affect joint inflammation and cartilage metabolism in young horses, particularly following a single instance of inflammation. The study suggests that such a dietary intervention could potentially help optimize the intra-articular environment in young horses, thereby extending their performance abilities.

Study Methodology

  • The researchers conducted the study on young Quarter Horse yearlings, with an average age of approximately 9 months, which were balanced in terms of age, sex, body weight, and farm of origin.
  • They were divided into two groups: one group was fed a custom-formulated concentrate only (CON; n=9), while the other group received the same amount of concentrate top-dressed with 21 grams per day of S. cerevisiae fermentation product (SCFP; n=10). This diet was maintained for 98 days, and the horses also had unrestricted access to Coastal bermudagrass hay.
  • On the 84th day, one randomly chosen radial carpal joint from each horse was injected with a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) solution, which triggers inflammation.
  • The other carpal joint was injected with a sterile lactated Ringer’s solution to serve as a control.
  • Synovial fluid taken before supplementation (on day 0) and on various intervals post-injection on day 84 was examined for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), carboxypropeptide of type II collagen (CPII), and collagenase cleavage neopeptide (C2C) – these are key markers of inflammation and cartilage metabolism.

Key Findings

  • The study revealed that from day 0 to 84, synovial C2C reduced and the CPII:C2C ratio increased in all horses, regardless of their diet.
  • Following the LPS injection, PGE2 levels increased by the 6th hour and returned to baseline by hour 336. Similarly, CPII levels went up by hour 12, stayed high through hour 168 and returned to baseline by hour 336. In contrast, C2C increased by the 6th hour but did not return to baseline through hour 336.
  • Notably, post-injection PGE2 levels were lower in the SCFP group than in the CON group, irrespective of injection type. Furthermore, synovial CPII and the CPII:C2C ratio demonstrated stability during the LPS challenge in the SCFP group compared with the CON group.
  • Clinical parameters such as rectal temperature, heart rate, respiration rate, carpal surface temperature, and carpal circumference were not affected by diet, but did increase in response to repeated arthrocentesis.

Conclusion

  • The study suggests that dietary supplementation of S. cerevisiae fermentation product could have a favorable effect on intra-articular inflammation in young horses following a single inflammatory incident, impacting cartilage turnover positively.

Cite This Article

APA
Martinez RE, Leatherwood JL, Arnold CE, Glass KG, Walter KW, Valigura HC, Norton SA, White-Springer SH. (2021). Responses to an intra-articular lipopolysaccharide challenge following dietary supplementation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product in young horses. J Anim Sci, 99(10), skab272. https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab272

Publication

Journal of animal science
ISSN: 1525-3163
NlmUniqueID: 8003002
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 99
Issue: 10
PII: skab272

Researcher Affiliations

Martinez, Rafael E
  • Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University and Texas A&M AgriLife Research, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Leatherwood, Jessica L
  • Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University and Texas A&M AgriLife Research, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Arnold, Carolyn E
  • Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Glass, Kati G
  • Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Walter, Kelly W
  • Department of Agricultural Science, Truman State University, Kirksville, MO 63501, USA.
Valigura, Hannah C
  • Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University and Texas A&M AgriLife Research, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Norton, Sharon A
  • Diamond V Mills, Inc., Cedar Rapids, IA 52404, USA.
White-Springer, Sarah H
  • Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University and Texas A&M AgriLife Research, College Station, TX 77843, USA.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Dietary Supplements
  • Fermentation
  • Horse Diseases / drug therapy
  • Horses
  • Injections, Intra-Articular / veterinary
  • Lipopolysaccharides / metabolism
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae
  • Synovial Fluid / metabolism

Grant Funding

  • Diamond V Mills, Inc

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Citations

This article has been cited 5 times.
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