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Home / Equine Research Bank / F1000Res / Risk factors, hematological and biochemical profile associat...
F1000Research2021; 10; 950; doi: 10.12688/f1000research.55312.2

Risk factors, hematological and biochemical profile associated with colic in Delman horses in Gresik, Indonesia.

Abstract: Horses are herd animals that have been domesticated in the last century. In several countries, an overview of risk factors and clinical evaluation in horses with colic has not been well-described. This study aimed to evaluate risk factors and hematological profiles in horses associated with colic in Gresik, East Java, Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was performed during April - October 2019. A total of 115 horses were diagnosed based on physical examination, clinical symptoms, and rectal examination. A questionnaire was asked to the horse-owners to analyze the risk factors while the clinical examination was performed and blood samples were collected for pre-treatment and 14 days post-treatment. Hematological profile was evaluated from a whole blood sample. Serum cortisol, plasma epinephrine, and norepinephrine concentrations were also evaluated after separating the aliquots.  Of the 115 horses, 96 were diagnosed with colic. The horses with colic showed a significant association between cases with gender (p<0.021), breed (p<0.000), wheat bran feeding (p<0.015), concentrate feeding (p<0.003), anthelmintics administration (p<0.000), gastrointestinal parasites (p<0.000), dental diseases (p<0.024), previous exposure to colic (p<0.000), body condition score (p<0.000), and access to water per day (p<0.000). Based on whole blood and serum evaluation, there were ameliorated significantly on the hematological profile (p<0.01), serum cortisol (p<0.05), and plasma epinephrine (p<0.01) at 14 days post-treatment. This study has identified factors associated with colic in Delman horses. The study provides crucial information to investigate cases of colic and to contribute the development of healthcare strategies during treatment and clinical evaluation.
Copyright: © 2022 Purnama MTE et al.
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Publication Date: 2021-09-21 PubMed ID: 35136578PubMed Central: PMC8787563DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.55312.2Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study investigated the risk factors and blood profile markers associated with colic – a digestive disorder – in Delman horses in Gresik, East Java, Indonesia. The study found several factors, including gender, breed, and feeding habits that were significantly associated with colic, and it explored changes in the blood profiles of the colic-affected horses before and after treatment.

Study Methodology

  • The researchers conducted a cross-sectional study from April to October 2019. They examined 115 horses for symptoms of colic through physical checks, consideration of clinical symptoms, and rectal examinations.
  • They used a questionnaire to analyze potential risk factors. The horse owners provided this information.
  • The team drew blood samples both before starting treatment for the colic and 14 days after treatment began. Then they analyzed these blood samples to determine their hematological (blood cell-related) profiles.
  • The researchers separated out fractions of the blood samples to measure serum cortisol levels and plasma concentrations of epinephrine and norepinephrine. These are stress and excitement-related hormones, respectively.

Major Findings

  • Of the 115 horses, 96 were diagnosed with colic. The diagnosis of colic in these horses showed significant associations with gender, breed, types of food (wheat bran and concentrate), the administration of anthelmintics (worming medications), the presence of gastrointestinal parasites, dental diseases, a history of colic, daily water access, and the body’s condition score.
  • On evaluating the blood and serum samples, the researchers found significant improvement in the hematological profiles, serum cortisol levels, and plasma epinephrine concentrations 14 days after treatment commenced.

Significance of the Study

  • This study has helped to identify the specific factors associated with colic in Delman horses. These findings can assist veterinarians, horse trainers, and owners to manage and reduce the risk of colic in their horses.
  • By examining changes in the horse’s blood profiles pre and post-treatment, the study provides key markers that can help monitor the horse’s recovery from colic.
  • Ultimately, the findings can contribute to the development of better healthcare strategies for preventing and treating colic in horses by highlighting potential risk factors and identifying treatment progress markers.

Cite This Article

APA
Purnama MTE, Hendrawan D, Wicaksono AP, Fikri F, Purnomo A, Chhetri S. (2021). Risk factors, hematological and biochemical profile associated with colic in Delman horses in Gresik, Indonesia. F1000Res, 10, 950. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.55312.2

Publication

F1000Research
ISSN: 2046-1402
NlmUniqueID: 101594320
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 10
Pages: 950

Researcher Affiliations

Purnama, Muhammad Thohawi Elziyad
  • Division of Veterinary Anatomy, Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, 60115, Indonesia.
Hendrawan, Dodit
  • Animal Health Division, Indonesian Horse Veterinarian Association, Surabaya, East Java, 60115, Indonesia.
Wicaksono, Arya Pradana
  • Animal Health Division, Indonesian Horse Veterinarian Association, Surabaya, East Java, 60115, Indonesia.
Fikri, Faisal
  • Division of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, 60115, Indonesia.
Purnomo, Agus
  • Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia.
Chhetri, Shekhar
  • Department of Animal Science, College of Natural Resources, Royal University of Bhutan, Lobesa, Punakha, 13001, Bhutan.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Colic / etiology
  • Colic / veterinary
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Epinephrine / therapeutic use
  • Horse Diseases / drug therapy
  • Horse Diseases / etiology
  • Horses
  • Hydrocortisone
  • Indonesia
  • Risk Factors

Conflict of Interest Statement

No competing interests were disclosed.

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Citations

This article has been cited 4 times.
  1. Kosaruk W, Brown JL, Towiboon P, Punyapornwithaya V, Pringproa K, Thitaram C. Measures of Oxidative Status Markers in Relation to Age, Sex, and Season in Sick and Healthy Captive Asian Elephants in Thailand. Animals (Basel) 2023 May 5;13(9).
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  3. Purnama MTE, Fikri F, Çalışkan H, Wicaksono AP. Efficacy of acupuncture in racehorses: A review. Open Vet J 2025;15(10):4789-4796.
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  4. Fikri F, Hendrawan D, Wicaksono AP, Purnomo A, Khairani S, Chhetri S, Purnama MTE, Çalışkan H. Colic incidence, risk factors, and therapeutic management in a working horse population in Tuban, Indonesia. Vet World 2024 May;17(5):963-972.
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