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EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority2023; 21(7); e08180; doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2023.8180

Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of an essential oil derived from the aerial parts of Cymbopogon flexuosus (Nees ex Steud.) Will. Watson (lemongrass oil) for use in all animal species (FEFANA asbl).

Abstract: Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of lemongrass oil obtained from the aerial parts of Cymbopogon flexuosus (Nees ex Steud.) Will. Watson when used as a sensory additive for all animal species. The FEEDAP Panel concluded that lemongrass oil is safe up to the maximum proposed use levels in complete feed of 125 mg/kg for salmonids; 100 mg/kg for sows and horses; 75 mg/kg for veal calves (milk replacer), cattle for fattening, dairy cows, sheep and goats; and 50 mg/kg for dogs and ornamental fish. For the other species, the calculated safe concentrations in complete feed were 41 mg/kg for chickens for fattening, 61 mg/kg for laying hens, 55 mg/kg for turkeys for fattening, 74 mg/kg for piglets, 88 mg/kg for pigs for fattening, 65 mg/kg for rabbits and 33 mg/kg for cats. These conclusions were extrapolated to other physiologically related species. For any other species, the additive is safe at 33 mg/kg complete feed. The use of lemongrass oil in water for drinking for poultry, pigs, calves and rabbit is safe provided that the total daily intake does not exceed the daily amount considered safe when consumed via feed. No concerns for consumers and the environment were identified following the use of the additive up to the highest safe use level in feed. The essential oil under assessment should be considered as an irritant to skin and eyes and as a dermal and respiratory sensitiser. Since the aerial parts of C. flexuosus and its preparations were recognised to flavour food and its function in feed would be essentially the same as that in food, no further demonstration of efficacy was considered necessary.
© 2023 European Food Safety Authority. EFSA Journal published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH on behalf of European Food Safety Authority.
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Publication Date: 2023-07-26 PubMed ID: 37502018PubMed Central: PMC10369294DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2023.8180Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

Background

  • The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) to provide a scientific opinion.
  • The focus was on the safety and efficacy of lemongrass oil derived from the aerial parts of Cymbopogon flexuosus when used as a sensory additive in animal feed.

Conclusions on Safety

  • Lemongrass oil is safe up to specific levels in complete feed for various animals:
    • 125 mg/kg for salmonids.
    • 100 mg/kg for sows and horses.
    • 75 mg/kg for veal calves, cattle for fattening, dairy cows, sheep, and goats.
    • 50 mg/kg for dogs and ornamental fish.
    • For other species, safe concentrations were calculated and provided for each, such as 41 mg/kg for chickens for fattening and 33 mg/kg for cats.
  • These conclusions were then applied to other related species.
  • For any other species not specifically mentioned, the additive is safe at 33 mg/kg complete feed.
  • Lemongrass oil is also safe in drinking water for certain animals as long as the total daily intake doesn’t exceed the safe amount from feed.
  • No concerns were identified for consumers or the environment when the additive is used up to the highest safe level in feed.

Additional Information

  • The essential oil being assessed can irritate the skin and eyes and may cause skin and respiratory sensitization.
  • Since the aerial parts of C. flexuosus and its preparations are recognized for flavoring food and its function in feed is similar to that in food, no further proof of efficacy was deemed necessary.

Cite This Article

APA
Bampidis V, Azimonti G, Bastos ML, Christensen H, Durjava M, Kouba M, López-Alonso M, López Puente S, Marcon F, Mayo B, Pechová A, Petkova M, Ramos F, Sanz Y, Villa RE, Woutersen R, Chesson A, Schlatter J, Westendorf J, Dirven Y, Manini P, Dusemund B. (2023). Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of an essential oil derived from the aerial parts of Cymbopogon flexuosus (Nees ex Steud.) Will. Watson (lemongrass oil) for use in all animal species (FEFANA asbl). EFSA J, 21(7), e08180. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2023.8180

Publication

EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority
ISSN: 1831-4732
NlmUniqueID: 101642076
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 21
Issue: 7
Pages: e08180

Researcher Affiliations

Bampidis, Vasileios
    Azimonti, Giovanna
      Bastos, Maria de Lourdes
        Christensen, Henrik
          Durjava, Mojca
            Kouba, Maryline
              López-Alonso, Marta
                López Puente, Secundino
                  Marcon, Francesca
                    Mayo, Baltasar
                      Pechová, Alena
                        Petkova, Mariana
                          Ramos, Fernando
                            Sanz, Yolanda
                              Villa, Roberto Edoardo
                                Woutersen, Ruud
                                  Chesson, Andrew
                                    Schlatter, Josef
                                      Westendorf, Johannes
                                        Dirven, Yvette
                                          Manini, Paola
                                            Dusemund, Birgit

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                                              Citations

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                                              1. Villa RE, Azimonti G, Bonos E, Christensen H, Durjava M, Dusemund B, Gehring R, Glandorf B, Kouba M, López-Alonso M, Marcon F, Nebbia C, Pechová A, Prieto-Maradona M, Röhe I, Theodoridou K, Bastos ML, Brantom P, Chesson A, Schlatter J, Westendorf J, Dirven Y, Manini P. Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of an essential oil derived from the aerial parts of Mentha × piperita L. (peppermint oil) for use in all animal species (FEFANA asbl). EFSA J 2025 Jan;23(1):e9076.
                                                doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2025.9076pubmed: 39816967google scholar: lookup
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