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Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society2021; 40(6); 1349-1357; doi: 10.1002/jor.25175

Surface topography as a tool to detect early changes in a posttraumatic equine model of osteoarthritis.

Abstract: The equine model of posttraumatic osteoarthritis (OA) mimics certain aspects of the naturally occurring disease, both in horses and humans. The objective of this study was to assess articular cartilage degeneration in a posttraumatic OA model using the established macroscopic and microscopic scoring systems and compare them with a novel surface topography analysis. OA was induced in the carpal joint of 15 (n = 15) mixed breed horses. Surface changes on the articular cartilage were characterized using osteochondral blocks from the third carpal bone (C3) and radial carpal bone using surface topography, standard histological grading, and gross evaluation of the joints. Significant differences were observed between OA and non-OA joints for gross evaluation scores. Microscopic scores of hematoxylin and eosin and Safranin O and Fast Green-stained sections demonstrated no differences between OA and non-OA joints. However, articular cartilage from the induced OA joint had significantly greater surface topography measurements compared with the sham treatment group, consistent with the changes seen on gross evaluation of joints. No significant correlations were noted between surface roughness measurements, histological assessment, and gross evaluation scores. The results suggest that surface topography analysis may provide a reliable objective approach to assess early changes in the cartilage surface in OA.
© 2021 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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Publication Date: 2021-09-13 PubMed ID: 34449916DOI: 10.1002/jor.25175Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article is about using a new analytical method, surface topography, to detect early changes in the degeneration of articular cartilage in a horse model of posttraumatic osteoarthritis. It suggests that surface topography analysis could offer an objective way to spot early alterations in the cartilage surface.

Background to the Study

  • The research focuses on posttraumatic osteoarthritis (OA), a condition that commonly occurs in horses and humans, featuring the degeneration of articular cartilage.
  • To help study this condition, a model – the equine model – has been developed that echoes certain aspects of the naturally occurring disease.
  • The objective is to evaluate this degeneration using well-known macroscopic and microscopic scoring systems, and compare them to a newer method – surface topography analysis.

Methodology

  • OA was artificially induced in the carpal joint of 15 mixed-breed horses.
  • The changes on the surface of the articular cartilage were analyzed using blocks from the third carpal bone (C3) and the radial carpal bone. These were analyzed using three methods: surface topography, standard histological grading, and a macroscopic evaluation of the joints.

Findings

  • Significant differences were observed between OA and non-OA joints, when gross evaluation scores were used.
  • However, when microscopic scores of hematoxylin and eosin or Safranin O and Fast Green-stained sections were used, no differences between OA and non-OA joints were detected.
  • Contrastingly, when surface topography measurements were applied, the articular cartilage from the induced OA joint presented significantly greater measurements compared to the control group. This is consistent with the alterations seen during a gross evaluation of the joints.
  • Remarkably, no strong correlations were established between surface roughness measurements, the histological assessments, and gross evaluation scores.

Conclusion

  • This evidence suggests that surface topography analysis could be a effective objective approach to observe early changes in the cartilage surface related to OA. This could provide valuable information for early detection and intervention in OA cases.

Cite This Article

APA
Thampi P, Tabbaa SM, Johnstone B, Wimmer MA, Laurent MP, Wayne McIlwraith C, Frisbie DD. (2021). Surface topography as a tool to detect early changes in a posttraumatic equine model of osteoarthritis. J Orthop Res, 40(6), 1349-1357. https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.25175

Publication

Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society
ISSN: 1554-527X
NlmUniqueID: 8404726
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 40
Issue: 6
Pages: 1349-1357

Researcher Affiliations

Thampi, Parvathy
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Orthopaedic Research Center & C. Wayne McIlwraith Translational Medicine Institute, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
Tabbaa, Suzanne M
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Orthopaedic Research Center & C. Wayne McIlwraith Translational Medicine Institute, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
Johnstone, Brian
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Orthopaedic Research Center & C. Wayne McIlwraith Translational Medicine Institute, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
  • Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Wimmer, Marcus A
  • Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Laurent, Michel P
  • Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Wayne McIlwraith, C
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Orthopaedic Research Center & C. Wayne McIlwraith Translational Medicine Institute, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
Frisbie, David D
  • Department of Clinical Sciences, Orthopaedic Research Center & C. Wayne McIlwraith Translational Medicine Institute, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Carpal Joints
  • Cartilage Diseases / pathology
  • Cartilage, Articular / diagnostic imaging
  • Cartilage, Articular / pathology
  • Horse Diseases
  • Horses
  • Osteoarthritis / etiology
  • Osteoarthritis / pathology

References

This article includes 20 references
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Citations

This article has been cited 2 times.
  1. Marino VP, De Vecchi F, Koya T, Begin LM, Moore DC, Crisco JJ, Wimmer MA. In Vitro Evaluation of Hemiarthroplasty Bearing Materials: A Scoping Review (Part I). J Orthop Res 2026 Jan;44(1):e70026.
    doi: 10.1002/jor.70026pubmed: 40722238google scholar: lookup
  2. Luedke LK, Seabaugh KA, Cooper BG, Snyder BD, Wimmer MA, McIlwraith CW, Barrett MF, Kawcak CE, Grinstaff MW, Goodrich LR. A Safety and Efficacy Study of a Synthetic Biolubricant in an Equine Model of Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis. Animals (Basel) 2025 Feb 1;15(3).
    doi: 10.3390/ani15030404pubmed: 39943174google scholar: lookup
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