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Animals : an open access journal from MDPI2023; 13(10); doi: 10.3390/ani13101597

The Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutic Evaluation of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Adult Horses.

Abstract: This review firstly examines the underlying pathophysiology of pain and inflammation associated with orthopedic disease and endotoxemia. Then, it reviews the clinical pharmacology (pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics) of both conventional and non-conventional NSAIDs in the adult horse, and finally provides an overview of different modalities to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of NSAIDs in research.
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Publication Date: 2023-05-10 PubMed ID: 37238029PubMed Central: PMC10215112DOI: 10.3390/ani13101597Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article is essentially a comprehensive review of the application and effects of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) in adult horses, particularly in regard to pain and inflammation due to orthopedic disease and endotoxemia.

Understanding Pain and Inflammation

The first part of the paper focuses on understanding the background of the subject matter. It identifies the cause of pain and inflammation in horses to provide context for the use of NSAIDs. This section also deals with two principal conditions for which NSAIDs are generally administered – orthopedic diseases and endotoxemia.

  • The authors discuss the complex mechanisms of inflammation and ensuing pain in both these conditions.
  • They highlight the molecular and cellular aspects of these processes, elucidating the series of events that ultimately lead to pain perception and inflammation in horses.

Clinical Pharmacology of NSAIDs

The second part of the research work delves into the clinical pharmacology of NSAIDs. This section is further divided based on the type of NSAIDs – conventional and non-conventional.

  • For conventional NSAIDs, the authors review the way these drugs interact within the horse’s body, their distribution, absorption, and elimination.
  • Pharmacodynamics, the biological effect of the drugs and the body’s reaction to them, are also discussed.
  • Similar investigations are carried out for non-conventional NSAIDs, with details of how they differ from their conventional counterparts.

Evaluating Therapeutic Efficacy of NSAIDs

In the third and final section of the paper, the authors provide methods to gauge the therapeutic effects of NSAIDs.

  • They talk about various approaches that can be used to quantitatively measure the effectiveness of these drugs in managing pain and inflammation in horses.
  • This includes assessing the changes in the horse’s behavior, physical condition, lab test results, and other relevant parameters.
  • The section provides guidelines to researchers on which parameters to observe while studying the effects of NSAIDs.

In essence, the paper provides a detailed review about the use of NSAIDs in horses – from understanding pain and inflammation, to examining the pharmacological properties of the drugs, and ultimately understanding how to evaluate their effectiveness. This research work could serve as a comprehensive resource for veterinarians, researchers, and anyone else interested in pain management in horses.

Cite This Article

APA
Mercer MA, Davis JL, McKenzie HC. (2023). The Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutic Evaluation of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Adult Horses. Animals (Basel), 13(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13101597

Publication

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
NlmUniqueID: 101635614
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 13
Issue: 10

Researcher Affiliations

Mercer, Melissa A
  • Department of Biological Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
Davis, Jennifer L
  • Department of Biological Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
McKenzie, Harold C
  • Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 6 times.
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