The contribution of the middle cerebral artery and callosal artery to the vascularisation of the Facies convexa of the brain in horses with reference to the equine-specific cartographic pattern of the neopallium.
Abstract: The extremely complex surface architecture of the equine brain does not allow a uniform transfer of anatomical data from other mammalian species, e.g., dog or cat. Rather, a special approach is required to elucidate the equine-specific patterns of cerebral vascular ramifications. Therefore, a novel cartographic system was applied. Prior attention was paid to the A. cerebri media (MCA) and to the A. corporis callosi (CA), as they spread over the widest part of the neopallium's Facies convexa (i.e. the lateral and dorsal surface), thus being of particular interest in terms of surgical treatment of trauma of the skull and brain. Methods: The brains of 17 adult warmblood horses were studied. The neopallium's Facies convexa was subdivided into 15 sectors clearly delineated by the primary sulci and by related auxiliary lines. The courses and destinations of main branches (= branches of 1st or 2nd order, with a minimum calibre of 0.75 mm) of MCA and CA were topographically analysed by means of superimposed graphical sketches. Results: The MCA had six main branches (numbered in rostrocaudal direction); the CA had seven main branches. The main branches of the MCA spread over the widest part of the Facies convexa, but never reached the rostral pole and the caudal pole of the neopallium. Clearly, the main branches of CA proceeded from the hemisphere's medial side across the Margo dorsalis cerebri, thus supplying rostrodorsal and dorsal sectors of the Facies convexa. Conclusions: The topographical analysis of the vascular ramification patterns (regions of residence) in combination with the cartographic system of sectors of the neopallium respected the equine-specific surface architecture. It highlighted the distinct vascular supply areas and the particular multiple-supply situations especially in sectors presumably related to the equine area motorica.
Publication Date: 2020-07-08 PubMed ID: 32639577DOI: 10.5603/FM.a2020.0065Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
This research presents a new cartographic system to understand the specific patterns of blood vessel branching (vascular ramification) in the equine brain. More specifically, it focuses on the two main arteries, the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and the callosal artery (CA), that vascularize the equine neopallium’s Facies convexa, the outer surface of the cerebral hemispheres.
Methodology
- The researchers studied 17 adult warmblood horses’ brains to decipher the equine-specific patterns of cerebral vascular ramifications.
- They focused primarily on the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and the callosal artery (CA) as they span the broadest area of the convex surface of the neopallium – a significant area of interest for surgical treatment of skull and brain trauma.
- They divided the exterior of the neopallium into 15 clearly marked sectors, with boundaries designated by primary grooves (sulci) and additional delineating lines.
- They then used graphical overlays to topographically map the paths and outlets of the principal branches of the MCA and CA.
Results
- The middle cerebral artery (MCA) was found to have six primary branches, distributed across the neopallium’s widest portion, although it did not extend to its frontal and rear poles.
- The callosal artery (CA) had seven main branches, extending from the medial side of the hemisphere across its dorsal margin, thereby supplying the frontal and dorsal sectors of the neopallium’s Facies convexa.
Conclusions
- The topographical evaluation of vascular branching patterns in conjunction with the cartographic sector system of the neopallium takes into account the unique surface architecture of the equine brain.
- It also highlighted distinct vascular supply areas and situations where multiple supplies exist, especially in sectors presumed to be associated with the motor area of the equine brain.
This research, therefore, provides a valuable anatomical tool that not only aids in understanding the unique characteristics of the equine brain, but also plays a crucial role in developing strategies for surgical intervention in cases of brain injury.
Cite This Article
APA
Böing L, Heun F, Gasse H.
(2020).
The contribution of the middle cerebral artery and callosal artery to the vascularisation of the Facies convexa of the brain in horses with reference to the equine-specific cartographic pattern of the neopallium.
Folia Morphol (Warsz), 80(2), 237-247.
https://doi.org/10.5603/FM.a2020.0065 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Germany. lucien.boeing@tiho-hannover.de.
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Germany.
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Germany.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Brain
- Facies
- Horses
- Middle Cerebral Artery / anatomy & histology
- Neocortex
- Neovascularization, Pathologic
Use Nutrition Calculator
Check if your horse's diet meets their nutrition requirements with our easy-to-use tool Check your horse's diet with our easy-to-use tool
Talk to a Nutritionist
Discuss your horse's feeding plan with our experts over a free phone consultation Discuss your horse's diet over a phone consultation
Submit Diet Evaluation
Get a customized feeding plan for your horse formulated by our equine nutritionists Get a custom feeding plan formulated by our nutritionists
