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Home / Equine Research Bank / Animals (Basel) / Upper and Lower Airways Evaluation and Its Relationship with...
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI2022; 12(12); doi: 10.3390/ani12121563

Upper and Lower Airways Evaluation and Its Relationship with Dynamic Upper Airway Obstruction in Racehorses.

Abstract: Dynamic upper airway obstructions (DUAO) are common in racehorses, but their pathogenetic mechanisms have not been completely clarified yet. Multiple studies suggest that alterations of the pharyngo-laryngeal region visible at resting endoscopy may be predictive of the onset of DUAO, and the development of DUAO may be associated with pharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia (PLH), lower airway inflammation (LAI) and exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH). The present study aims to investigate the possible relationship between the findings of a complete resting evaluation of the upper and lower airways and DUAO. In this retrospective study, 360 racehorses (Standardbreds and Thoroughbreds) referred for poor performance or abnormal respiratory noises were enrolled and underwent a diagnostic protocol including resting and high-speed treadmill endoscopy, cytological examination of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and radiographic assessment of the epiglottis length. In this population, epiglottis flaccidity was associated with dorsal displacement of the soft palate, while no relationship was detected between DUAO and epiglottis length. No associations were detected between DUAO and PLH, LAI or EIPH. In conclusion, it is likely that epiglottis plays a role in upper airway stability, while airways inflammation does not seem to be involved in the pathogenesis of DUAO.
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Publication Date: 2022-06-17 PubMed ID: 35739899PubMed Central: PMC9219429DOI: 10.3390/ani12121563Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research studied the relationship between the alterations in the upper and lower airways of racehorses and the occurrence of Dynamic Upper Airway Obstructions (DUAO). It concluded that epiglottis flaccidity might contribute to DUAO, however, no correlation was found between DUAO and factors like pharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia, lower airway inflammation, or exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage.

Objective of the Study

  • The study aimed to investigate the possible link between the results from a full resting assessment of upper and lower airways and the occurrence of DUAO in racehorses.

Methodology

  • The researchers conducted a retrospective review of 360 racehorses (Standardbreds and Thoroughbreds) referred for poor performance or abnormal respiratory noises.
  • The horses underwent tests that included resting and high-speed treadmill endoscopy, cytological examination of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and radiographic determinations of the epiglottis’ length.

Findings

  • An evident association was found between the flaccidity of the epiglottis and dorsal displacement of the soft palate, which may imply that the state of the epiglottis has a significant role in the stability of the upper airway.
  • No connection was determined between the length of the epiglottis and occurrence of DUAO.
  • The study also did not establish any associations between DUAO and other conditions such as pharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia, lower airway inflammation, or exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage.

Conclusions

  • The results pointed to the likelihood that the epiglottis plays an essential role in upper airway stability in racehorses, affecting the onset of DUAO.
  • However, contrary to what has been suggested in other research, inflammation in the airways does not appear to have a role in the pathogenesis of DUAO according to this study.

Cite This Article

APA
Lo Feudo CM, Stancari G, Collavo F, Stucchi L, Conturba B, Zucca E, Ferrucci F. (2022). Upper and Lower Airways Evaluation and Its Relationship with Dynamic Upper Airway Obstruction in Racehorses. Animals (Basel), 12(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12121563

Publication

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
NlmUniqueID: 101635614
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 12
Issue: 12

Researcher Affiliations

Lo Feudo, Chiara Maria
  • Equine Sports Medicine Laboratory "Franco Tradati", Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy.
Stancari, Giovanni
  • Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy.
Collavo, Federica
  • Freelance DVM, Rheinbacher Straße 24, 53919 Weilerswist, Germany.
Stucchi, Luca
  • Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy.
Conturba, Bianca
  • Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy.
Zucca, Enrica
  • Equine Sports Medicine Laboratory "Franco Tradati", Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy.
Ferrucci, Francesco
  • Equine Sports Medicine Laboratory "Franco Tradati", Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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