“Xylazine”–a new sedative for horses and cattle.

Citations

1. Abouelfetouh MM, Liu L, Salah E, Sun R, Nan S, Ding M, Ding Y. The Effect of Xylazine Premedication on the Dose and Quality of Anesthesia Induction with Alfaxalone in Goats.. Animals (Basel) 2021 Mar 6;11(3).
   doi: 10.3390/ani11030723pubmed: 33800906google scholar: lookup
2. Di Bella C, Skouropoulou D, Stabile M, Muresan C, Grasso S, Lacitignola L, Valentini L, Crovace A, Staffieri F. Respiratory and hemodynamic effects of 2 protocols of low-dose infusion of dexmedetomidine in dogs under isoflurane anesthesia.. Can J Vet Res 2020 Apr;84(2):96-107.
   pubmed: 32255904
3. Liang M, Shao A, Tang X, Feng M, Wang J, Qiu Y. MiR-34a affects dexmedetomidine-inhibited chronic inflammatory visceral pain by targeting to HDAC2.. BMC Anesthesiol 2019 Jul 19;19(1):131.
   doi: 10.1186/s12871-019-0801-zpubmed: 31324142google scholar: lookup
4. Sun L, Zhou J, Sun C. MicroRNA-211-5p Enhances Analgesic Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Inflammatory Visceral Pain in Rats by Suppressing ERK Signaling.. J Mol Neurosci 2019 May;68(1):19-28.
   doi: 10.1007/s12031-019-01278-zpubmed: 30874971google scholar: lookup
5. Liu Y, Liu W, Wang X, Wan Z, Liu Y, Leng Y. Dexmedetomidine Relieves Acute Inflammatory Visceral Pain in Rats through the ERK Pathway, Toll-Like Receptor Signaling, and TRPV1 Channel.. J Mol Neurosci 2018 Oct;66(2):279-290.
   doi: 10.1007/s12031-018-1172-5pubmed: 30259406google scholar: lookup
6. Massey CA, Richerson GB. Isoflurane, ketamine-xylazine, and urethane markedly alter breathing even at subtherapeutic doses.. J Neurophysiol 2017 Oct 1;118(4):2389-2401.
   doi: 10.1152/jn.00350.2017pubmed: 28747467google scholar: lookup
7. Grimsrud KN, Ait-Oudhia S, Durbin-Johnson BP, Rocke DM, Mama KR, Rezende ML, Stanley SD, Jusko WJ. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analysis comparing diverse effects of detomidine, medetomidine, and dexmedetomidine in the horse: a population analysis.. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2015 Feb;38(1):24-34.
   doi: 10.1111/jvp.12139pubmed: 25073816google scholar: lookup
8. Silva-Torres LA, Vélez C, Lyvia Alvarez J, Ortiz JG, Zayas B. Toxic effects of xylazine on endothelial cells in combination with cocaine and 6-monoacetylmorphine.. Toxicol In Vitro 2014 Oct;28(7):1312-9.
   doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2014.06.013pubmed: 25017475google scholar: lookup
9. Ghodki PS, Thombre SK, Sardesai SP, Harnagle KD. Dexmedetomidine as an anesthetic adjuvant in laparoscopic surgery: An observational study using entropy monitoring.. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol 2012 Jul;28(3):334-8.
   doi: 10.4103/0970-9185.98329pubmed: 22869940google scholar: lookup
10. Bauquier SH, Kona-Boun JJ. [Comparison of the effects of xylazine and romifidine administered perioperatively on the recovery of anesthetized horses].. Can Vet J 2011 Sep;52(9):987-93.
    pubmed: 22379199
11. Nyman G, Marntell S, Edner A, Funkquist P, Morgan K, Hedenstierna G. Effect of sedation with detomidine and butorphanol on pulmonary gas exchange in the horse.. Acta Vet Scand 2009 May 7;51(1):22.
    doi: 10.1186/1751-0147-51-22pubmed: 19422714google scholar: lookup
12. Suarez SV, Amadon A, Giacomini E, Wiklund A, Changeux JP, Le Bihan D, Granon S. Brain activation by short-term nicotine exposure in anesthetized wild-type and beta2-nicotinic receptors knockout mice: a BOLD fMRI study.. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2009 Mar;202(4):599-610.
    doi: 10.1007/s00213-008-1338-xpubmed: 18818904google scholar: lookup
13. Coates J. Some orthopedic procedures in the young bovine.. Can Vet J 1982 Jun;23(6):205-6.
    pubmed: 17422158
14. Gertler R, Brown HC, Mitchell DH, Silvius EN. Dexmedetomidine: a novel sedative-analgesic agent.. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent) 2001 Jan;14(1):13-21.
    doi: 10.1080/08998280.2001.11927725pubmed: 16369581google scholar: lookup
15. Singh S, Young SS, McDonell WN, O'Grady M. Modification of cardiopulmonary and intestinal motility effects of xylazine with glycopyrrolate in horses.. Can J Vet Res 1997 Apr;61(2):99-107.
    pubmed: 9114960
16. Kerr CL, McDonell WN, Young SS. A comparison of romifidine and xylazine when used with diazepam/ketamine for short duration anesthesia in the horse.. Can Vet J 1996 Oct;37(10):601-9.
    pubmed: 8896874
17. Kyles AE, Waterman AE, Livingston A. The spinal antinociceptive activity of the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, xylazine in sheep.. Br J Pharmacol 1993 Apr;108(4):907-13.
    doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1993.tb13485.xpubmed: 8097956google scholar: lookup
18. Doherty TJ, Pascoe PJ, McDonell WN, Monteith G. Cardiopulmonary effects of xylazine and yohimbine in laterally recumbent sheep.. Can J Vet Res 1986 Oct;50(4):517-21.
    pubmed: 3791076
19. Short CE, Stauffer JL, Goldberg G, Vainio O. The use of atropine to control heart rate responses during detomidine sedation in horses.. Acta Vet Scand 1986;27(4):548-59.
    doi: 10.1186/BF03548134pubmed: 3604828google scholar: lookup
20. Gasthuys F, De Moor A, Parmentier D. Haemodynamic changes during sedation in ponies.. Vet Res Commun 1990;14(4):309-27.
    doi: 10.1007/BF00350713pubmed: 2392824google scholar: lookup
21. Gasthuys F, Parmentier D, Goossens L, De Moor A. A preliminary study on the effects of atropine sulphate on bradycardia and heart blocks during romifidine sedation in the horse.. Vet Res Commun 1990;14(6):489-502.
    doi: 10.1007/BF00367061pubmed: 1980962google scholar: lookup
22. Garner HE, Mather EC, Hoover TR, Brown RE, Halliwell WC. Anesthesia of bulls undergoing surgical manipulation of the vas deferentia.. Can J Comp Med 1975 Jul;39(3):250-5.
    pubmed: 1139409