Copper

Copper is an essential trace mineral required in equine nutrition for various physiological functions, including connective tissue formation, red blood cell production, and enzymatic reactions. It is a critical component of several enzymes involved in iron metabolism, antioxidant defense, and melanin synthesis. Copper also plays a role in the development and maintenance of cartilage, tendons, and ligaments, making it particularly important for growing horses and those in training.

Forages do contain copper, but supplementation is usually necessary to meet requirements since forage alone often does not provide sufficient amounts. Supplementation is commonly provided in the form of copper sulfate, copper proteinate, or copper chelates to ensure adequate intake. Organic sources, such as copper chelates, are generally considered to be of higher quality due to improved bioavailability.