DTW. Deutsche tierärztliche Wochenschrift.
Discontinued
Publisher:
Schaper.
Frequency: Twelve no. a year, 1986-
Country: Germany
Language: ger
Start Year:1971 - 2009
Identifiers
| ISSN: | 0341-6593 (Print) 0341-6593 (Linking) |
| NLM ID: | 7706565 |
| (OCoLC): | 03418218 |
| (DNLM): | D21620000(s) |
| Coden: | DDTWDG |
| Classification: | W1 D17 |
Disposition kinetics and bioavailability of piperacillin and cephapirin in mares. The pharmacokinetics of piperacillin (430 mg/kg.b.wt.) and cephapirin (20 mg/kg.b.wt.) were investigated following a single intravenous and intramuscular injection in normal mares. The serum concentration-time curve following a single intravenous injection of both antibiotics obeyed a two-compartment open model. After intravenous dose, piperacillin and cephapirin were transferred from central to peripheral compartment (k12) with values 0.46 and 0.52 h-1, while their passages from peripheral to central compartment (k21) were equal to 0.56 and 0.49 h-1, respectively. The elimination half-lives [...
[Pharmacological effects of hordenine]. Hordenine is an ingredient of some plants which are used as feed for animals, i.e. in sprouting barley. After ingestion of such feed hordenine may be detected in blood or urine of horses which in case of racing horses may be the facts of using prohibited compounds. Results of some experiments in pharmacological models show that hordenine is an indirectly acting adrenergic drug. It liberates norepinephrine from stores. In isolated organs and those structures with reduced epinephrine contents the hordenine-effect is only very poor. Experiments in intact animals (rats, dogs) show that hordenine h...
[Tyzzer’s disease in a pony foal from Schleswig-Holstein]. It is reported on a case of tyzzer's disease (infection with Bacillus piliformis) in a pony foal in Schleswig-Holstein. The clinical and pathologic-anatomical findings are described and discussed.
[Consequences of a surgical correction of an insufficient closure of the vulva on genital flora and conception rate in mares]. In this thesis the influence of pneumo-vagina on the microbiological colonization of the genital tract and their manifestation in cytological smears was examined. For mares with poor vulval conformation a comparison of the bacterial growth before and after plastic surgery of the vulva and vestibulum was carried out, as well as the registration of conception rates after operation and insemination. The biggest reduction of the bacterial content in the reproductive tract was found between vestibulum and cranial section of the vagina. The increased number of contaminant bacteria in the cranial sec...
Comparative views of electrophysiological parameters of large intestinal segments in pig, sheep, pony, guinea pig and rat. Short circuit current (ISC) and transepithelial conductance (gt) across sheets of epithelia were measured in the caecum, the proximal and the distal colon of pig, sheep, pony, rat and guinea pig. The electrical parameters underline the basic segmental and species differences. The diversity of ISC demonstrates the different nature of electrogenic transport mechanisms, and data clearly show the heterogeneity with respect to transport mechanisms along the large intestine in the various species. The great differences in amiloride sensitive ISC indicate the variabilities in the electrogenic Na tran...
[Inquiry of veterinarians in Niedersachsen concerning the occurrence of parasitic diseases and their control in large animals]. In Lower Saxony approximately 3500 veterinarians were asked to fill in a questionnaire focused on the prevalence of parasitic infections in cattle, sheep, pigs, and horses, the preferred control measures and the antiparasitic drugs in use. Although the disappointing low number of only 48 veterinarians that participated in this survey prevented any representative conclusions the following trends were remarkable: gastrointestinal strongyles were the most prevalent parasites in cattle (34.8%), sheep (28.0%), and horses (42.3%). In pigs, ascarids were most often diagnosed (41.9%) followed by the s...
Effect of seminal plasma on motion characteristics of epididymal and ejaculated stallion spermatozoa during storage at 5 degrees C. The objective of this experiment was to examine the effect of seminal plasma on motion characteristics of epididymal and ejaculated equine spermatozoa during storage at 5 degrees C. Epididymal spermatozoa were flushed with either seminal plasma or a skim milk-glucose extender. Ejaculated spermatozoa were collected with extender added 10 minutes after semen collection and addition of extender during ejaculation by placing 50 ml extender in the collection bottle. Semen samples were centrifuged and resuspended with a skim milk-glucose extender containing seminal plasma (0, 5 and 25%; v/v), prepar...
[A comparison of cardiac stroke volume determination using the thermodilution method and PW-Doppler echocardiography for the evaluation of systolic heart function in the horse]. In 14 horses without heart disease stroke volume determination were established by pulsed wave doppler echocardiography. Thermodilution and doppler echocardiography were used simultaneously. The doppler echocardiographic volume determinations were carried out in left and right outflow tracts. Echocardiographically Velocity Time Integral, Maximum Flow Velocity, Mean Flow Velocity and Acceleration Time were ascertained. To be able to compare heart volumes of horses with different body weight stroke volume was applied to 1 kg of body weight (= heart index). Heart Index determined with thermodilut...
[Doping problems in horse sports–pharmacokinetics of selected antiphlogistics/analgesics relevant to doping]. Drug treatment of horses which are used in horse-racing is restricted by the regulations of the anti-doping control. Veterinarians and anti-doping control commissions are faced with the problems resulting from the discrepancy between the demand "no drugs in blood/urine of horses at the time of competition" and the need for treatment. The pharmacokinetic data of important antiphlogistics/analgetics (NSAID) for horses given in this article shall facilitate the decision of the veterinarians and commissions whether a horse having been treated with NSAID may participate in a competition or not. Fur...
[Echocardiography and therapy of atrial fibrillation in horses]. Echocardiographic evaluation of 45 horses (43 warm-blooded horses, one Thoroughbred and one Standardbred) with atrial fibrillation was performed, using M-mode, B-mode and pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography. Seventeen (38%) of these horses had a history of poor performance. An increase of left ventricular shortening fraction was found in 25 horses (56%). Atrial dilatation was seen in 37 horses (82%). Eight horses (18%) had normal atrial dimensions. In nine horses only left atrium and in six horses only right atrium was enlarged. In the other 22 horses both atria were dilated. Correlation was ...
[Possibilities for the all-year free-range raising of horses]. The ethological concept concerning supply of needs an avoidance of damage is mentioned as a possibility for the evaluation of welfare aspects related to animal management. The 250 Dülmen horses kept on 300 ha by the Duke of Croy show what must be provided for horse-keeping in a semi-natural environment: Sufficient food and water, efficient shelter as well as adequate structures for the needs of horses concerning social and comfort behaviour. A catalogue of factors, functions and facilities for this kind of horse-keeping is presented.
[Restraint devices for animals–historical and animal welfare aspects]. A historical review is given on the reasons to use restraint measures in animals, their definitions and classifications as well as their mode of action. An attempt is made to give an assessment of these measures according to animal welfare aspects formerly and today. Special emphasis is put on considerations in conformity with the "reasonable reason", as required in the German Animal Welfare Act.
[Animal welfare and safety aspects for coach driving]. Driving a harnessed horse team requires conformity of horses, driver and vehicle, if one of the three components is in disorder, animal welfare as well as the safety of man and animals are at the - stake. This paper deals with a first testing of a graduated draft power device in order to obtain detached performance readings of the horses.
[Examination of the ovarian activity of mares using progesterone profiles]. By means of clinical and analytical procedures (enzyme immuno assay for progesterone with microtiterplate method) the ovarian activity from 27 mares was tested over a period of several weeks. The measurement of the progesterone level to determine the time of ovulation was proved as suitable in the period of 1-2 days after ovulation. In normocyclic mares (n = 17) a different development of the progesterone profile was detected, so that an insufficient development of the corpus luteum (35%) could be considered. By means of continuous measurement of progesterone (> or = 30 days) six of ten mares ...
[The genital microflora in the stallion–microbiological study of presecretion samples from 1972 to 1991]. From 1972 to 1991, presecretion on an average of 183 stallions per year had been examined. Facultatively pathogenic germs were ascertained in 13.5% of the samples. However, the portion showed considerable annual fluctuation, as did the percentage of the different kinds of germs. In most of the cases, only minimal growth had been observed in culture. Except for the total percentage, these results are contradictory to those we found during the examination of cervical swabs of mares. In order to ascertain the importance of the respective results and to render possible a correct interpretation, th...
[Cryopreservation trial with semen of purebred Arabian and Haflinger stallions in the Turkish national stud in Karacabey]. Within a German-Turkish university partnership deep freezing preservation of stallion semen was performed as a part project of the cooperation contract. In this study a modification of the introduced Makrotüb method was used for semen freezing. The investigated characteristics of fresh semen of the Arab stallions were in the normal range cited in the international literature. However, the semen data obtained from the Haflinger stallions were markedly and partially significantly in lower range than measured for the Arab stallions. This may reflect an incomplete adaptation process of the import...
[Parasitological fecal studies of equids, dogs, cats and hedgehogs during the years 1984-1991]. The results of the coproscopical examinations in horses, dogs, cats and hedgehogs between 1984 and 1991 are presented. In 9192 samples from horses 55.5% stages of strongylids, 4.0% of Parascaris equorum, 2.2% of anoplocephalids, 1.6% Strongyloides westeri, 0.7% of Oxyuris equi, 0.6% of Eimeria leuckarti, 0.2% of Fasciola hepatica and 0.04% of Dictyocaulus arnfieldi were found. In 48.0% of the 46 samples from donkeys eggs from strongylids were detected, in 17.4% larvae from Dictyocaulus arnfieldi, in 2.2% eggs from Strongyloides westeri, Parascaris equorum and oocysts from Eimeria leuckarti, re...
[Estrus synchronization and insemination results in Arabian mares in the Eskisehir stud]. An Arab broodmare herd of 30 mares age ranging from 4 to 12 years was grouped into 3 groups (group A, B, C) with 10 mares each and exposed to three different methods of cycle synchronisation. Group A mares received two PGF2 alpha injections 14 days apart. Group B mares got additionally 2,500 IU of hCG 5 days after second prostaglandin application. Group C consisted of mares which had foaled in a synchrony of one week and got a PGF2 alpha injection 3 weeks after parturition. All the mares responding to synchronisation were inseminated closely to ovulation detected by serial rectal palpations wi...
[Reflections on 100 years of animal breeding as mirrored in the Deutsche Tierärztliche Wochenschrift]. In 1893 a major component of veterinary practice derived from 4 million horses and from farm animals, whereas thousands of dogs were even slaughtered every year, especially in Saxony and Silesia. Nowadays companion animals figure as an element of ever growing importance for the practitioner. Teaching and research adapted themselves to this altered situation, research funding and professional politics not yet so completely. In former days veterinarians even presided the licensing committees for breeder animals--today the animal breeding act merely mentions them in connection with institutions o...
Naloxone affects gastrointestinal functions and behaviour in horses. Clinical effects of the opioid antagonist naloxone were investigated in healthy horses. Naloxone caused a transient increase in the frequency of defecations, a softening of the faeces and alterations in the intensity of abdominal borborygmi. Total serum protein concentrations decreased. Behavioural changes like frequent yawning and flehmen occurred, heart rate decreased and respiratory rate tended to increase but no clinical signs of distress or pain were observed. It can be concluded that in healthy animals naloxone had only minor side-effects and could be used to investigate the physiologica...
Characterization of serum lysosomal enzymatic activities. III. Effect of infectious influenza in Egyptian equines. An outbreak of infectious influenza was recognized in Menofeia governorate in October 1989. Eight naturally influenza infected as well as 8 healthy control horses, mules and donkeys were selected for collection of blood and sera separation to estimate four lysosomal enzymatic activities and to describe the clinical findings, which were fever, congested nasal, conjunctival membranes and cough. Bronchopneumonia followed later with bilateral purulent nasal discharge as a complication in 2 donkeys. Thereafter laboured breathing occurred. Therefore a therapeutic penicillin-streptomycin dose was inj...
Liquid storage and freezing of semen from New Forest and Welsh Pony stallions. Two experiments were conducted to examine the effects of liquid storage extender and of a modified freezing protocol on motility and morphology parameters of 3-year-old pony stallions. In experiment 1 ejaculates were diluted 1 + 1 (v+v) with glycine-egg-yolk extender (D11) or skim milk extender (SME), centrifuged, resuspended in the corresponding extender and kept at +5 degrees C. Concerning motion characteristics, both progressive motility and average path velocity of semen stored in SME was significantly superior to semen stored in D11 after 6, 18 and 42 hrs. However, over time of storage th...
[Comparison of IgG determination in foals using commercially available rapid tests]. The three tests (EQUI Z-Test, AGLUTINADE FOAL IMMUNITY, CITE Foal IgG-Test) were evaluated for their accuracy and usefulness in the field. Single radial immunodiffusion was used as reference method. All tests were easily and rapid to perform and results were obtained within a few minutes. It was easy to get the results of the CITE Foal IgG-Test, but use of the EQUI Z-Test and the FOAL AGLUTINADE IMMUNITY-Test needed some practice to get correct results. Results obtained by the CITE Foal IgG-Test correlated to single radial immunodiffusion in 94%, those obtained by FOAL AGLUTINADE IMMUNITY-Test...
Acetylsalicylic acid and blood coagulation in the horse. Equine blood may contain salicylic acid (SA) taken up as free acid or represents the metabolite of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). To obtain information of SA in race horses we screened blood samples of trotting-horses routinely drawn to be analyzed for doping substances. The individual values determined followed a Gaussian distribution displaying a geometric mean of 19 ng SA per ml serum. A probit analysis revealed linear relationship (r = 0.995). Additional studies examined the antithrombotic efficacy of ASA in the horse. An oral dose of 300 mg ASA considerably elevated the bleeding time for mor...
[Electrophoretic studies of serum protein fractions in horses with laminitis]. The spectrum of serum proteins was evaluated in 46 horses affected with spontaneous laminitis and correlations between the severity of the disease and changes of the protein pattern were analyzed. The investigation was made in two groups; group A consisted of 21 horses of various breeds (warmblood, thoroughbred, standardbred) and group B of 25 ponys. Each group was subdivided according to the severity of the disease, using the OBEL-grade (OG) classification system. Serum proteins were separated by different one- and two-dimensional electrophoretic methods. Sera analysed by cellulose acetate el...
[Scanning electron microscopic findings of the navicular bone and deep flexor tendon in podotrochlosis of horses]. In 25 adult horses the podotrochlea of 49 forelimbs was examined by means of light and electron microscopy in order to correlate clinical and morphological findings. According to the clinical diagnosis the animals were divided into three groups: lameness due to syndrome of podotrochlosis (group 1) or due to tendopathy (group 2) and horses without lameness (group 3). The most striking pathological findings of the navicular bone and the opposite surface of the deep flexor tendon were found in horses with podotrochlosis, consisting of loss of cartilage and tendon matrix with denudation of collage...
[Useful life, departure rates and causes in sport horses]. A review of the operational life, attrition and lethality rates, major causes of attrition and death for thoroughbred and standardbred race horses and competition horses is given. Because of the lack of data, it was not possible to supply answers for all the sport disciplines. The operational life in sports for thoroughbred race horses was 3.3 years, for standardbred horses 4.1 and for competition horses 5.5 years. Attrition and lethality rates could be determined only for the thoroughbred race horses. The yearly rates of attrition and lethality were 30% and 2% respectively. The major causes o...
[Horse racing and animal welfare]. Intensive strain of racing-horses during training and race is not an end in itself but should be understood from the social task to create exceptionally efficient horses. This roughness in sports obliges the responsible associations to issue rigorous regulations for the protection of horses. In this paper, some physical and psychical disorders of racing-horses are described. Improved keeping conditions as well as performance-adapted training methods will help to avoid defects. The aids being used during training and races are critically investigated on their effects according to the regulation...
[The appearance of stress on the movement apparatus in dressage, jumping and versatility horses]. Jumping and military (three days events) horses are exposed, during sports activities, to a particularly high stress especially in the region of the extremities (limbs). The genesis of tendon, joint and bone diseases are traced in accordance to the centers of the load during movement sequence. A special statistics on injuries concerning the German competition horses does not exist yet. Out of the available statistics about the German competition horses it is not obvious that as a result of its use as sports horses a particular high loss occur among these horses.