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Equine veterinary journal.
Publisher:
Equine Veterinary Journal, Ltd. Hobokken, NJ : Wiley (2009)
Frequency: 8 issues per year, 2009-
Country: United States
Language: English
Author(s):
British Equine Veterinary Association.
Start Year:1968 -
ISSN:
0425-1644 (Print)
2042-3306 (Electronic)
0425-1644 (Linking)
2042-3306 (Electronic)
0425-1644 (Linking)
Impact Factor
2.2
2022
| NLM ID: | 173320 |
| (DNLM): | E11740000(s) |
| (OCoLC): | 01568146 |
| Coden: | EQVJAI |
| LCCN: | sn 83005310 |
| Classification: | W1 EQ967 |
The relationship between the concentration of ionised calcium and parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP[1-34]) in the milk of mares. Once lactation is established in mares, there is little change in the ionised calcium concentration in their milk. In contrast, the concentration of PTHrP(1-34) in the milk increases to a maximum level by the end of the second week of lactation, near which it remains for the rest of the lactation. As found in other species, the concentration of PTHrP(1-34) in mare's milk is considerably higher than that in plasma, sampled at the same time. No significant correlation could be demonstrated between the concentrations of PTHrP(1-34) and ionised calcium in the milk except during the last 10 weeks o...
A light microscopic and ultrastructural examination of calcified dental tissues on horses: 4. Cement and the amelocemental junction. Ultrastructural examinations showed the diameter of cement lacunae to be greater in infundibular cement than in peripheral cement of upper cheek teeth, which in turn was greater than in the peripheral cement of the lower cheek teeth. However, numbers of lacunae/unit area remained similar in these 3 dentinal region. Two types of cemental hypoplasia were found in equine cheek teeth. The first type was termed central infundibular cemental hypoplasia and was confined to the central region of infundibular cement. The cement adjacent to these frequently large defects was very porous and contained la...
A light microscopic and ultrastructural examination of calcified dental tissues of horses: 2. Ultrastructural enamel findings. Ultrastructural examinations of defined 3 equine enamel types termed equine (Eq.) Types 1, 2 and 3 enamel, according to the transverse appearance of their enamel prisms and the amount and appearance of their interprismatic enamel. Eq. Type 1 enamel contained alternating rows of oval shaped prisms and thick interprismatic enamel plates, and was found adjacent to the amelodentinal junction. Eq. Type 2 enamel consisted of circular, 'keyhole' to 'horseshoe' shaped prisms with little or no interprismatic enamel and was located adjacent to the amelocemental junction. Eq. Type 3 enamel was composed o...
A light microscopic and ultrastructural examination of calcified dental tissues of horses: 3. Dentine. Ultrastructural examinations of equine dentine found that dentinal tubules extended from the amelodentinal junction towards the pulp forming primary curvatures. The number of dentinal tubules/unit area and their diameters increased significantly from the amelodentinal junction towards the pulp cavities, particularly in regular secondary dentine, but irregular secondary (tertiary) dentine contained no dentinal tubules. Dentinal tubules contained odontoblast processes that appeared to extend as far as the amelodentinal junction, but due to iatrogenic loss during specimen preparation, odontoblast...
Severe polysaccharide storage myopathy in Belgian and Percheron draught horses. A severe myopathy leading to death or euthanasia was identified in 4 Belgian and 4 Percheron draught horses age 2-21 years. Clinical signs ranged from overt weakness and muscle atrophy in 2 horses age 2 and 3 years, to recumbency with inability to rise in 6 horses age 4-21 years. In 5 horses there was mild to severe increases in muscle enzyme levels. Clinical diagnoses included equine motor neuron disease (2 horses), post anaesthetic myopathy (2 horses), exertional myopathy (2 horses), myopathy due to unknown (one horse), and equine protozoal myelitis (one horse). Characteristic histopathology...
Ultrasonographic examination of the proximal scutum in the horse. Normal and abnormal ultrasonographic images are presented of the proximal scutum (proximal sesamoid bones and palmar ligament) in the horse. Comparison between anatomical sections, MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) and ultrasound scans enabled the authors to establish the normal ultrasonographic anatomy of the palmar fetlock. Nine cases of proximal scutum injuries were identified ultrasonographically, of which 4 are illustrated. On normal limbs, the facies flexoria of the proximal sesamoid bones appeared as a thin and regular hyperechoic line and the palmar ligament was regularly echogenic. Les...
Prevalence of fetal maldispositions in equine referral hospital dystocias. A retrospective investigation was performed to determine the population characteristics of horses presented for dystocia at 2 equine referral hospitals and the types of fetal maldispositions among these horses. The study population consisted of a similar number of Thoroughbreds (25%), Standardbreds (24%) and draft horses (22%). Most of the current literature pertaining to equine obstetrics is based on a predominately draft horse population (63%). The latter population appeared to have more transverse presentations (P = 0.06), possibly because of the higher number of draft mares. In our study, ...
Nitric oxide production by equine articular cells in vitro. Recent research in several species has suggested nitric oxide (NO) as a mediator of articular cartilage damage and an inhibitor of cartilage matrix neosynthesis. This study investigated NO production by cultured equine articular chondrocytes in response to 2 arthritogenic molecules, namely lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), and compared NO production by cultured equine synoviocytes stimulated with LPS. Synoviocytes exhibited a low basal level of NO synthesis (measured as nitrite, a NO metabolite) that was neither significantly increased nor decreased by exposure to LP...
Genetic markers in standardbred trotters susceptible to the rhabdomyolysis syndrome. The equine rhabdomyolysis syndrome (RHA) is believed to be multifactorial in origin; and could be caused by an interaction between genetic and environmental factors. In order to analyse its genetic background an association study was undertaken. Two sample groups of Standardbreds (Stb) which had suffered from RHA were compared to the total population of Swedish Standardbred trotters using recorded polymorphic genetic markers. The results showed that gene frequencies for several markers in the RHA groups differed significantly from those estimated for the total population. A rhabdomyolysis risk...
Inflammatory markers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of standardbred racehorses with inflammatory airway disease: response to interferon-alpha. Protein and eicosanoid concentrations and procoagulant activity were determined in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from 32 Standardbred racehorses with inflammatory airway disease (IAD) and 6 control horses. Total protein, albumin and immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentrations were high (P < 0.05) in the BALF from horses with IAD, a finding consistent with exudation of plasma protein into the airway. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) concentrations also were increased (P < 0.05) which may signify local immunoglobulin production. Difference was not detected in prostaglandin E2 and 6-ketoprostaglandin...
Comparison of collagen fibril populations in the superficial digital flexor tendons of exercised and nonexercised thoroughbreds. This study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that collagen fibrils, the submicroscopic units of strength in tendon, would hypertrophy in response to a specific defined training programme. Fibril diameters were measured in central and peripheral regions of superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) samples from five 18-month-old horses which underwent a subsequent 18 month training programme and 6 age- and sex-matched controls. Central region fibrils from the trained horses had a mass-average diameter (MAD) of 105.3 nm, which was significantly lower (P < 0.01) than that of 131.7 nm for the...
Amantadine and equine influenza: pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and neurological effects in the horse. Amantadine is an antiviral agent effective against influenza A viruses. We investigated 1) the antiviral efficacy, 2) analytical detection, 3) bioavailability and disposition, 4) pharmacokinetic modelling and 5) adverse reactions of amantadine in the horse. In vitro, amantadine and its derivative rimantadine suppressed the replication of recent isolates of equine-2 influenza virus with effective doses (EDs) of less than 30 ng/ml. Rimantadine was more effective than amantadine against most viral isolates; we suggest a minimum plasma concentration of 300 ng/ml of amantadine for therapeutic effic...
Anatomy of the distal interphalangeal joint of the mature horse: relationships with navicular suspensory ligaments, sensory nerves and neurovascular bundle. The anatomy of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint in the adult horse is described in relationship to the suspensory ligaments of the navicular bone, the neurovascular bundle and the sensory nerves to these periarticular regions. Using polymer plastic injections, the synovial cavity of the DIP joint was observed to have a complex relationship to the proximal suspensory or collateral sesamoidean ligament (CSL) of the navicular bone with the cavity forming cranial and caudal compartments around the CSL abaxially. Sensory nerves, as identified by peptide immunocytochemistry and silver/gold chl...
Amantadine in man and horse–can we learn from each other? The research examines the impact of administering amantadine to horses and humans to combat influenza A, speculating on potential benefits of dual-field research between human and animal health. The study […]
Complete upper airway obstruction and syncope caused by a subepiglottic cyst in a horse. Subepiglottic cysts have been identified in adult horses and in foals,
and are usually associated with partial upper airway obstruction
(Raker 1976, Koch and Tate 1978, Stick and Boles 1980, Tulleners
1991). We report the unusual presentation of complete upper
airway obstruction and syncope caused by a subepiglottic cyst.
