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Equine veterinary journal.
Publisher:
Equine Veterinary Journal, Ltd. Hobokken, NJ : Wiley (2009)
Frequency: 8 issues per year, 2009-
Country: United States
Language: English
Author(s):
British Equine Veterinary Association.
Start Year:1968 -
ISSN:
0425-1644 (Print)
2042-3306 (Electronic)
0425-1644 (Linking)
2042-3306 (Electronic)
0425-1644 (Linking)
Impact Factor
2.2
2022
| NLM ID: | 173320 |
| (DNLM): | E11740000(s) |
| (OCoLC): | 01568146 |
| Coden: | EQVJAI |
| LCCN: | sn 83005310 |
| Classification: | W1 EQ967 |
Adenocarcinoma of the intestine in a horse: an unusual occurrence. CARCINOMAS of the small intestine, colon and rectum are relatively rare in domestic animals (Cotchin 1960; Jubb and Kennedy 1970; Meagher, Wheat, Tennant and Osburn 1974; Moulton 1978). A survey of 333 tumours in farm animals revealed 39 horse neoplasms (Misdorp 1967). Twenty-eight of those were from horses in an abattoir survey in which 20,000 horses were slaughtered (an incidence of 0.14 per cent). The remaining 11 were tumours sent in by meat inspectors. Only four of the 39 were present in the digestive system. Two of them were metastasising squamous cell carcinomas in the stomach a...
3-methylindole as a model of equine obstructive lung disease. 3-methylindole was administered orally and intravenously to horses and ponies in order to determine the ability of this chemical to provide a model of equine pulmonary disease. Both routes produced a severe and sometimes fatal pulmonary disease, characterised by bronchiolitis. Clinical signs developed 48 to 72 h after dosing and were most severe between Days 4 and 10 post dosing. Intravenous administration of 3-methylindole produced lung injury more rapidly and at a lower dose rate than the oral route. It is suggested that the respiratory condition induced by this chemical could become a metho...
Cardiovascular and pulmonary effects of recumbency in two conscious ponies. Respiratory dead-space, tidal volume, respiratory rate, blood gases, cardiac output, heart rate and arterial and pulmonary arterial blood pressures were measured in two conscious, trained ponies in the standing position and in left lateral recumbency. The ponies were reluctant to remain lying down for more than about 20 mins but the reason for this did not become apparent. Tidal volume was reduced during recumbency but the respiratory rate increased, tending to maintain the minute volume at about that of the standing animal. Arterial carbon dioxide tension did not change significantly from sta...
Preferential landing and engorging sites of Culicoides species landing on a horse in Ireland. An investigation of the landing and engorging sites of midges on a bait horse was made in Ireland as part of a project examining the aetiology of sweet itch. Ten species were recovered, seven of which engorged. Culicoides obsoletus and C dewulfi were the most commonly represented, accounting for 89.9 per cent of midges landing and 90.5 per cent of midges engorging. Only 4.69 per cent of midges attracted to the bait were C pulicaris. Overall, the preferential landing sites for midges were along the mane and lower leg regions. Few culicoides were attracted to the head, front and underside of the...
Comparison of carbon fibre and nylon suture for repair of transected flexor tendons in the horse. Carbon fibre-polylactic acid composites and monofilament non-absorbable suture material were compared for the repair of surgically transected superficial digital flexor tendons in 10 horses. All surgical wounds healed by first intention. The repaired tendons were enlarged, the carbon implanted tendons being larger than those sutured. The horses were killed at six, eight, 12,20 or 24 weeks. Greater fibrous thickening occurred in tendons repaired with carbon fibre, especially at 12 weeks postoperatively. Carbon fibre incited a greater histological response with macrophages, lymphocytes, plasma c...
Immunocytochemical distribution of endocrine cells in the gastrointestinal tract of the horse. Endocrine cells immunoreactive for somatostatin, gastrin, glicentin, glucagon, secretin, cholecystokinin, motilin and neurotensin were identified immunocytochemically in the gastrointestinal mucosa of the horse. Somatostatin-, glicentin- and glucagon-immunoreactive cells were very numerous in the cardiac and fundic regions of the stomach, whereas most gastrin-immunoreactive cells were confined to the pyloric region. Somatostatin-immunoreactive cells also were detected in all portions of the small intestine while gastrin-immunoreactive cells were confined exclusively to the upper portion and gl...
Radioisotope bone scanning in horses. The detection of radionuclide activity in the living equine skeleton, using bone seeking radiopharmaceuticals and a hand-held radiation detector, is reported. Pathological changes in bone can be detected and subsequent development monitored. The availability and use of this diagnostic technique in equine practice is discussed.
Fetlock annular ligament desmotomy: a report of 24 cases. Restriction of free movement of the flexor tendons through the fetlock canal results in lameness. The commonest cause was chronic synovitis of the digital sheath. The condition is characterised by an unremitting lameness, synovial distension and a notch on the caudal aspect of the limb. The condition can be relieved by section of the annular ligament of the fetlock. In a series of 24 cases 16 horses returned to work with no recurrence of lameness, three cases were lost to follow up and five animals remained lame; three of these had intercurrent disease.
Three cases of ruptured mitral valve chordae in the horse. The paper describes clinical observations in three horses with ruptured mitral valve chordae. Horses with ruptured mitral valve chordae may have a history of sudden onset of acute distress with predominantly respiratory symptoms. On auscultation there will be a widespread pansystolic murmur with an extension of the area of cardiac auscultation. The third heart sound may be very pronounced and unduly prolonged, associated with high volume flow during early ventricular filling in diastole. However, these sounds are not specific for chordal rupture--they are typical of severe mitral regurgitation...
Urolithiasis in the horse – a review of 13 cases. The presenting signs, treatment and postoperative progress of 13 horses with vesical and urethral calculi are reviewed. Single, discrete stones were present in 10 animals in which the results of treatment were generally good. In three horses with sabulous cystic deposits, urolithiasis was associated with bladder paralysis and the response to treatment was poor.
C-cell tumours of the thyroid in the horse. The clinical and pathological aspects of two cases of C-cell (parafollicular cell) tumours of the thyroid are described. Both the horse and the pony presented with a paralaryngeal mass and a history of constant gulping. Ultrastructural examination of the tumours demonstrated that they were composed of C-cells containing typical, membrane-bound secretory granules. The pony is alive and well three years after surgery and the horse has raced successfully following removal of the tumour.
Pharmacokinetics of ascorbic acid in horses. The pharmacokinetics of ascorbic acid were studied in 29 horses after intravenous (iv), subcutaneous, intramuscular (im) and oral administration. Following iv injection of 5 and 10 g ascorbic acid, respectively, a biphasic decline of ascorbic acid serum levels was found, indicating that the vitamin distributes in the body according to a two-compartment open model. The apparent volume of distribution (average value for Vd(ss) = 0.6 litre/kg) was approximately equivalent to the volume of total body water. The terminal half-life of the biexponential serum level-time curve (t1/2 beta) varied betwe...
Experiences in diagnostic and surgical arthroscopy in the horse. This paper reviews the current status of diagnostic and surgical arthroscopy in the horse. Arthroscopy has been used as a diagnostic aid since 1974 and is useful for evaluation of abnormalities in synovial membrane and articular cartilage. Surgical arthroscopy is a more recent advance that has replaced conventional arthrotomy in 90 per cent of the author's cases. Clinical conditions currently being treated using arthroscopic techniques rather than arthrotomy include all chip fractures in the carpus, chip fractures of the first phalanx, chronic proliferative synovitis in the fetlock and osteoch...
Survey of resting blood pressure values in clinically normal horses. Resting coccygeal blood pressure values were measured, indirectly, on 296 horses (97 Thoroughbreds, 97 Standardbreds and 102 hacks). Blood pressure was found to vary with the class of horse examined; on average Thoroughbreds had significantly higher values than Standardbreds and hacks, whereas blood pressures of the last two groups were not significantly different. There was no demonstrable effect of sex, height or heart rate on blood pressure, but temperature and age did influence the value recorded. Mean (+/- sd) (n = 296) coccygeal uncorrected values (systolic pressure/diastolic pressure) w...
Muscle perfusion in the horse. Muscle perfusion was studied in conscious and anaesthetised horses by monitoring the clearance of a locally injected bolus of saline containing radioactive xenon (133Xe). The mean of all the measurements made from the brachiocephalicus and semimembranosus muscles in conscious subjects was 1.29 ml/min/100 g while in anaesthetised subjects it was 0.40 ml/min/100 g. The significance of these results is discussed in relation to the clinical occurrence of post anaesthetic myositis.
Method of selective and non-selective angiocardiography for the horse. A practical and safe method of angiocardiography for the horse is described. The technique involved the rapid injection of 50 to 150 ml contrast agent via catheters in the right and left heart, pulmonary artery and aorta. The examination was carried out with the horse in the standing position or under general anaesthesia. Angiocardiograms were performed on 10 normal horses and satisfactory pictures of the right and left ventricles, pulmonary arteries, aorta and coronary circulation were obtained. The technique was also used in a foal with severe congenital heart disease. The most practical met...
Effects of environmental control on pulmonary function of horses affected with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The effects of environmental control on horses affected with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was assessed by clinical examination and pulmonary function tests, ie, maximum change in intrathoracic pressure, tidal volume, minute volume, non-elastic work of breathing, dynamic compliance, inspiratory and expiratory flow rates and arterial blood gas analysis. A controlled environment (ie, bedding horses on shredded paper and feeding a complete cubed diet) caused symptomatic COPD affected horses to become asymptomatic within four to 24 days (mean +/- sd 8.4 +/- 4.8 days). When asymptomatic, th...
Survey of positive results from racecourse antidoping samples received at Racecourse Security Services’ Laboratories. A review of positive Jockey Club "dope tests" during the 12 years from 1970 to 1981 inclusive is presented and a comparison made with certain overseas racing authorities for varying periods between 1975 and 1981. Urinary pH of post race urine samples is predominantly acidic (although varying in a significant manner throughout the year) and thus favours excretion of the generally more potent basic drugs. The proportion of positive results was about the same in winners and non-winners, ie, one in 400 horses sampled. Drugs found fell mainly into four categories: methylxanthines; non-steroidal ant...
Review of pulsing electromagnetic field therapy and its possible application to horses. The relevant literature on electrostimulation in general, and pulsing electromagnetic fields in particular, is reviewed. DC current influences cell behaviour by affecting transmembrane ion transport, which is often under enzymatic control. Pulsing electromagnetic fields influence cell functions through adsorption of ions or dipole formation at the cell membrane. Invasive and non-invasive DC current stimulation is compared to pulsing electromagnetic fields. The mode of application of pulsing electromagnetic fields to the equine limb and suggested treatment times are briefly discussed. Two case ...
