Omneity® Pellets
All-In-One Vitamin & Mineral Pellet
Veterinary surgery : VS.
Publisher:
Lippincott.. Malden, MA : John Wiley & Sons
Frequency: Eight issues a year,
Country: United States
Language: English
Author(s):
American College of Veterinary Surgeons., European College of Veterinary Surgeons.
Start Year:1978 -
ISSN:
0161-3499 (Print)
1532-950X (Electronic)
0161-3499 (Linking)
1532-950X (Electronic)
0161-3499 (Linking)
Impact Factor
1.8
2022
| NLM ID: | 8113214 |
| (OCoLC): | 03905443 |
| (DNLM): | V06115000(s) |
| Coden: | VESUD6 |
| Classification: | W1 VE938C |
Comparison of 4 blood storage methods in a protocol for equine pre-operative autologous donation. To compare viability of equine whole blood stored by 4 different methods, and to establish optimal storage protocols for an equine autologous blood donation program. Methods: In vitro study of stored equine whole blood. Animals- Six healthy adult horses. Methods: Blood from each horse was collected into 4 different containers: glass bottles containing acid-citrate-dextrose solution (ACD), plastic bags containing ACD, citrate-phosphate-dextrose (CPD), and CPD with supplemental adenine (CPDA-1). Blood was stored for 5 weeks and sampled at 2-day intervals. Standard hematologic and biochemical var...
A vaginal mucosal pedicle flap technique for repair of rectovaginal fistula in mares. To describe the use of a vaginal mucosal pedicle flap for repair of rectovaginal fistulae (RVF) in mares. Methods: Clinical case report. Methods: Three mares with RVF. Methods: After debriding the RVF, a dorsally based U-shaped mucosal and submucosal pedicle flap (2-4 mm thick) was dissected from the vaginal wall, rotated approximately 90 degrees angle to close the ventral aspect of the fistula and sutured in position with 10-13 single sutures that did not penetrate the rectal mucosa. This positioned the vaginal mucosa so that it was continuous with the rectal mucosa. Results: Two RVF healed b...
Evaluation of arthrocentesis site bacterial flora before and after 4 methods of preparation in horses with and without evidence of skin contamination. To evaluate the effectiveness of four methods of povidone-iodine preparation on skin bacterial flora of arthrocentesis sites, in horses, with and without evidence of skin contamination. Methods: Prospective randomized study. Methods: Twenty-four adult horses. Methods: Horses were assigned to either the clean or contaminated group based on housing environment and visual evidence of contamination. Using a moist sterile swab, microbial culture samples were obtained from the skin over the distal interphalangeal joints immediately before and after preparation. Each site was aseptically prepared wit...
Performance after partial arytenoidectomy without mucosal closure in 27 Thoroughbred racehorses. To examine the effect of partial arytenoidectomy without mucosal closure on postoperative racing performance and long-term complications in Thoroughbred racehorses treated for laryngeal hemiplegia, arytenoid chondropathy, or failed laryngoplasty. Methods: Retrospective study. Methods: Twenty-seven Thoroughbred racehorses. Methods: Medical records of Thoroughbred racehorses that had partial arytenoidectomy without mucosal closure between 1992 and 2002 were reviewed. Horses were divided into groups: horses that had not raced (Group 1) and those that had raced (Group 2) before surgery. Lifetime r...
Quantification of Staphylococcus aureus adhesion to equine bone surfaces passivated with Plasmalyte and hyperimmune plasma. To quantify the adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus to 4 equine bone surfaces passivated in a balanced polyionic solution (Plasmalyte) or hyperimmune equine plasma (Polymune plasma). Methods: In vitro comparative study. Methods: Third metacarpal bone (MC3) surface explants from 9 equine cadavers. Methods: Approximately 1 cm(2) sections of periosteum were removed from MC3 and stapled to sterile stainless steel screens. Three bone surface explants were cut using a surgical saw to present 1 cm(2) surfaces of subperiosteal bone, cut cortical bone, or endosteum. Duplicate explants of each surface wer...
Parainguinal laparocystotomy for urolith removal in geldings. To describe parainguinal laparocystotomy for urolith removal and to report outcome. Methods: Prospective clinical study. Methods: Ten geldings with uroliths. Methods: Signalment, number, size, type of uroliths, surgical technique, and complications were recorded. Long-term follow-up was obtained by telephone interviews with the client and/or examination by the referring veterinarian. Results: Cystic calculi, 3-9 cm in diameter, were removed by parainguinal laparocystotomy. Mean surgical time was 59 minutes (range, 40-100 minutes). With this approach, ligation of the pudendal or superficial epi...
Factors associated with mortality and morbidity in small intestinal volvulus in horses. To determine historical, physical, and clinical factors that may affect morbidity and mortality in horses with small intestinal volvulus unrelated to other causes (e.g., incarceration, lipoma, etc.). Methods: Retrospective study. Methods: Client-owned horses (115), aged 1 month to 21 years. Methods: Data were obtained from medical records, identified by computer search and manual review. Continuous variables were compared between affected and non-affected horses with Mann-Whitney U-tests and non-continuous variables with Fisher's exact test (2 x 2 tables) or chi(2)-tests (larger tables). Stepw...
Small intestinal volvulus in 115 horses: 1988-2000. To evaluate the historical data, signalment, clinical signs, results of laboratory analyses, treatment, and outcome of horses with small intestinal (SI) volvulus. Methods: Retrospective study. Methods: One hundred and fifteen client-owned horses, aged 1 month to 21 years. Methods: Clinical signs, laboratory data, surgical or necropsy findings, and outcome for horses with SI volvulus were obtained from medical records, identified by computer search and manual review. Results: There was no statistical difference in signalment between cases and the hospital population. Seventy-four percent of hor...
Arthroscopic removal of axial osteochondral fragments of the proximoplantar aspect of the proximal phalanx using electrocautery probes in 23 standardbred racehorses. To describe the outcome after arthroscopic electrosurgical excision of axial osteochondral (OC) fragments of the proximal plantar aspect of the 1st phalanx (P1) in horses. Methods: Retrospective study. Methods: Twenty-three Standardbred racehorses. Methods: Medical records of Standardbred racehorses that had arthroscopic dissection of axial OC fragments of the proximal plantar aspect of P1 with electrocautery probes were reviewed. Horses were positioned in dorsal recumbency; a 1.5% glycine solution was used to maintain joint distension. The arthroscope portal was in the proximal plantar joint ...
Evaluation of a technique for collection of cancellous bone graft from the proximal humerus in horses. To describe a technique for collecting cancellous bone graft from the proximal humerus in horses. Methods: Prospective evaluation of an experimental bone graft collection technique. Methods: Eight horses, 3-15 years, weighing 495-605 kg. Methods: Horses were anesthetized and positioned in lateral recumbency. The lateral aspect of the proximal humerus was exposed by a 7-10-cm incision extending distally from the greater humeral tubercle, followed by sharp dissection through the omotransversarius muscle and between the infraspinatus and deltoideus muscles. A 12-mm cortical defect was incremental...
Survey of prokinetic use in horses with gastrointestinal injury. To report prokinetic strategies used to manage horses after gastrointestinal surgery. Methods: Electronic questionnaire. Methods: Diplomates of the American College of Veterinary Surgeons (ACVS) who perform equine intestinal surgery. Methods: A survey (21 questions) designed to determine use of prokinetic agents was sent electronically to 112 ACVS Diplomates known to perform equine intestinal surgery. Several clinical scenarios were also described to determine which, if any, prokinetic agent respondents would select. Results: Responses were obtained from 58 (52%) surgeons from 44 clinics. Sele...
Periapical curettage: an alternative surgical approach to infected mandibular cheek teeth in horses. To evaluate an alternative surgical method for treating periapical infection of the mandibular cheek teeth of horses. Methods: Retrospective study. Methods: Eleven horses (3-13 years) with periapical mandibular tooth infection. Methods: Hospital records (1992-2002) of horses that had periapical curettage for the treatment of mandibular cheek tooth root infection were retrieved. Clinical signs, radiographic, and surgical reports were reviewed. Outcome was obtained by telephone questionnaire for 7 horses and by physical examination in 2. Results: Eleven horses (14 infected mandibular molariform ...
A biomechanical comparison of headless tapered variable pitch compression and ao cortical bone screws for fixation of a simulated midbody transverse fracture of the proximal sesamoid bone in horses. To compare mechanical properties and failure characteristics of 2 methods of fixation for repair of a transverse, midbody fracture of the proximal sesamoid bone (PSB): 4.5-mm AO cortical bone screw (AO) placed in lag fashion and 4/5-mm Acutrak (AT) self-compressing screw. Methods: An in vitro biomechanical evaluation of intact forelimb preparations and forelimb preparations with a simulated midbody PSB fracture stabilized by a bone screw. Methods: Sixteen paired and 8 unilateral cadaveric equine forelimbs. Methods: A midbody transverse osteotomy was created in the medial PSB of bilateral forel...
Treatment of septic common digital extensor tenosynovitis by complete resection in seven horses. To describe and evaluate a technique for radical resection of the entire intrathecal component of the common digital extensor tendon (CDET) in horses. Methods: Prospective clinical study. Methods: Seven client-owned horses. Methods: Seven horses with wounds that resulted in septic tenosynovitis of the CDET sheath were treated by complete surgical resection of the affected tendon and ablation of the tendon sheath; 5 had previous surgery that was unsuccessful. Time from initial injury to complete resection was 1-22 weeks. In 6 horses, the wound was closed primarily using a closed suction (4 hors...
Intraosseous gentamicin perfusion of the distal metacarpus in standing horses. To report tissue gentamicin concentrations after intraosseous (IO) perfusion in standing horses. Methods: In vivo study. Methods: Twelve horses. Methods: Sedated horses had a cannulated cortical bone screw inserted into the dorsolateral aspect of the treated metacarpus and a tourniquet applied proximally. Gentamicin (2.2 mg/kg) diluted in sterile saline solution (0.1 mL/kg) was infused through the screw. Two horses were euthanatized at each time interval: 0, 2, 6, 12, 24, and 36 hours. Synovial fluid and bone samples were collected distal to the screw from both forelimbs. Gentamicin concentrat...
Spatial and temporal expression of types I and II receptors for transforming growth factor beta in normal equine skin and dermal wounds. To describe immunolocalization of TGF-beta receptors (RI and RII) in normal equine skin and in thoracic or limb wounds, healing normally or with exuberant granulation tissue (EGT). Methods: Group A: six wounds on one metacarpus and one midthoracic area. Group B: six wounds on both metacarpi, one of which was bandaged to stimulate EGT. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect RI and RII expression in wound margins. Methods: Eight horses, randomly assigned to one of two study groups. Methods: Neutralizing polyclonal anti-rabbit RI and RII antibodies were used to detect spatial expression of RI an...
Laparoscopic repair of a small intestinal mesenteric rent in a broodmare. To describe standing laparoscopic repair of mesoduodenal rent inaccessible by ventral median celiotomy. Methods: Clinical case report. Methods: A 6-year-old Thoroughbred broodmare with a right displacement of the dorsal colon and small intestinal incarceration in a mesoduodenal rent. Methods: Two days after correction of a right dorsal displacement of the ascending colon, small intestinal incarceration, and partial closure of mesoduodenal rent, standing left and right flank laparoscopy was used to explore the abdomen to identify the mesoduodenal defect. The mesenteric rent was repaired from ri...
An in vitro biomechanical comparison of a prototype intramedullary pin-plate with a dynamic compression plate for equine metacarpophalangeal arthrodesis. To compare the biomechanical properties of a prototype intramedullary pin-plate (IMPP) implant specifically designed for equine metacarpophalangeal (MCP) arthrodesis with a dynamic compression plate (DCP) system. Methods: In vitro biomechanical testing of paired cadaveric equine forelimbs with a simulated traumatic disruption of the suspensory apparatus, stabilized by one of two methods for MCP arthrodesis. Methods: Twenty-one pairs of adult equine cadaveric forelimbs. Methods: Each forelimb had the distal sesamoidean ligaments severed to create a disrupted suspensory apparatus. For each forel...
Effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy on bone. Extracorporeal shock waves have been used for 30 years to fragment uroliths for nonsurgical treatment for urolithiasis in humans. Applied to bone, shock waves delivered at the appropriate energy and pulse number, can stimulate osteogenesis. In Europe, shock waves are routinely used to treat nonunions in humans despite poor understanding of the mechanism of action. Shock wave therapy has also been used clinically in horses. Preliminary experimental studies indicate that shock wave therapy does not damage soft tissue in the distal aspect of the equine limb and can stimulate osteogenesis througho...
Effect of focused and radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy on equine bone microdamage. To determine whether bone microcracks are altered after application of focused and radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) to the equine distal limb. Methods: An ex vivo experimental model. Methods: A contralateral limb specimen was obtained from 11 Thoroughbred racehorses with a unilateral catastrophic injury. Distal limb specimens were also obtained from 5 non-racing horses. Methods: Three separate skin-covered bone segments were obtained from the mid-diaphysis of the metacarpus (MC3) or metatarsus (MT3). Focused (9,000 shockwaves, 0.15 mJ/mm2, 4 Hz) and radial (9,000 shockwaves, 0.1...
Scanning electron microscopic examination of third metacarpal/third metatarsal bone failure surfaces in thoroughbred racehorses with condylar fracture. To examine the fracture failure surfaces from Thoroughbred horses that had sustained a catastrophic condylar fracture. Methods: Bone specimens from the failure surface were obtained from 12 Thoroughbred racehorses with catastrophic injury and 2 non-racing horses with accidental long bone fracture. Methods: Bone specimens from the failure surface of each fracture were incubated with gold microspheres to label microcracks before examination at x50 to x60,000 using scanning electron microscopy. Microcracking at the failure surface was assessed using a visual analog scale. Results: Branching array...
Bone gentamicin concentration after intra-articular injection or regional intravenous perfusion in the horse. To compare intra-articular (IA) and bone gentamicin concentrations achieved after intra-articular administration or regional intravenous perfusion (RIP). Methods: Experimental study. Methods: Twelve healthy adult horses. Methods: Horses were assigned to 2 treatment groups (n = 6/group): Group 1, 1 g gentamicin administered simultaneously in both left and right metacarpophalangeal joints and group 2, 1 g gentamicin administered simultaneously in both left and right lateral palmar veins. Serum, synovial fluid, and bone biopsy specimens were collected. Gentamicin concentrations were determined by...
Complications associated with cannula insertion techniques used for laparoscopy in standing horses. To report our experience and complications associated with different cannula insertion techniques for laparoscopy in standing horses. Methods: Retrospective study. Methods: Forty horses that had laparoscopy for diagnostic or surgical purposes. Methods: After a physical examination, including rectal palpation, standing laparoscopy was performed in 40 sedated horses. Local anesthetic was injected at each site of cannula insertion in the left flank. Horses were divided into 5 groups: Pneumoperitoneum was induced before cannula insertion using a Verres needle (group 1, n = 3) or a 12-g catheter (g...
Evaluation of a vessel-sealing device for small intestinal resection and anastomosis in normal horses. To compare arterial bursting pressure after vessel closure using a vessel-sealing device (LigaSure Atlas Laparoscopic Sealer/Divider Instrument; Valleylab, Boulder, CO), a ligate-and-divide stapling device (LDS), and 2-0 polydioxanone suture. To evaluate the LigaSure Atlas as a method for ligation of the mesenteric vasculature during small intestinal resection in normal horses. Methods: Experimental study. Methods: Part A: jejunal segments from 19 horses. Part B: 6 horses, aged 1 to 18 years, weighing 330 to 509 kg. Methods: Part A: Jejunal segments with mesenteric vessels were collected from ...
Laryngoplasty with ventriculectomy or ventriculocordectomy in 104 draft horses (1992-2000). To evaluate efficacy and safety of laryngoplasty with vetriculectomy (VE) or ventriculocordectomy (VCE) for treatment of laryngeal hemiplegia (LH) in draft horses. Methods: Retrospective study. Methods: One hundred four draft horses used for competitive hitch competitions. Methods: Medical records and postoperative endoscopy for competitive hitch draft horses diagnosed with left LH and treated with laryngoplasty and VE or VCE between January 1992 and December 2000 were reviewed. Follow-up information was obtained from telephone interviews with owners and trainers, and performance scores of 1 t...
Life-threatening hemorrhage from enterotomies and anastomoses in 7 horses. To report our experience with horses that presumptively had severe intraluminal hemorrhage from enterotomy or anastomosis. Methods: Clinical study. Methods: Six adult horses and 1 adult donkey. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at the University of Illinois (April 1994 to December 2001) to determine the clinical course and outcome of horses with melena and/or anemia and evidence of life-threatening hemorrhage from intestinal incisions. Medical records of all horses that had colic surgery were reviewed to determine the proportion of horses with this complication. In addition, horses ...
Biomechanical investigation of the association between suspensory ligament injury and lateral condylar fracture in thoroughbred racehorses. Objective-To determine whether partial transection of the medial branch of the suspensory ligament (MBSL) alters equine third metacarpal bone (MC3) condylar surface strains and forelimb, distal joint angles in a manner consistent with promotion of lateral condylar fracture. Study Design-In vitro biomechanical experiment. Sample Population-Right forelimbs from 7 Thoroughbred horse cadavers. Methods-Lateral and medial MC3 condylar, dorsal and abaxial, bone surface strains and distal joint angles were measured both before and after partial transection of the MBSL during in vitro axial limb compre...
An in vivo equine forelimb model for short-term recording of peak isometric force in the superficial and deep digital flexor muscles. To develop and test an experimental model for in vivo short-term recording of peak isometric forces of the digital flexor muscles in the forelimb of adult horses. Methods: In vivo experimental study. Methods: Four healthy, anesthetized, adult Thoroughbred horses (3 to 7 years old; 527 +/- 87 kg) Methods: In dorsal recumbency, ulnar and median nerves were exposed and instrumented with insulated bipolar cuff stimulation electrodes for later connection to an electrical stimulator. In left lateral recumbency, a biplanar fixator was applied to the right humerus and a custom-made, rigid, aluminum fr...
Healing characteristics of deep digital flexor tenorrhaphy within the digital sheath of horses. To describe the healing characteristics of deep digital flexor tenorrhaphy within the digital sheath. Methods: Experimental study. Methods: Five mature horses. Methods: Right thoracic limb, deep digital flexor tenorrhaphy was performed within the digital sheath. Limbs were cast in partial flexion using a short limb cast for 6 weeks. Next, extended heel shoes were used for limb support for 14 weeks. Healing was evaluated by sequential ultrasonographic examinations, and limb use was evaluated by force plate analysis. At 26 weeks, mechanical strength and morphologic characteristics of the repair ...
Scapulohumeral arthrodesis in miniature horses. To describe surgical arthrodesis of the scapulohumeral joint and to evaluate its efficacy in reducing morbidity associated with severe shoulder dysfunction in miniature horses. Methods: Retrospective study. Methods: Four miniature horses. Methods: Medical records and radiographs were reviewed for history, physical examination findings, lameness evaluation, radiographic evaluation, surgical techniques, postoperative complications, and outcome. A 10- or 11-hole, 4.5-mm narrow dynamic compression plate and 4.5-mm cortical screws were applied to the cranial surface of the scapula and cranial surfa...
