Analyze Diet

Topic:Animal Health

Animal Health encompasses a broad range of topics focused on maintaining and improving the well-being of equine species. This field addresses various aspects of horse care, including disease prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and management of health conditions. Key areas of interest include equine nutrition, vaccination protocols, parasite control, dental care, and the management of chronic conditions such as laminitis and colic. Additionally, animal health research in horses investigates the impact of exercise and training on physical health, the role of genetics in disease susceptibility, and the development of new therapeutic approaches. This page compiles peer-reviewed research studies and scholarly articles that explore the latest advancements, challenges, and best practices in preserving and enhancing the health of horses.
Radiographs presented as part of the 1997 A.C.V.R. Oral Certification Examination: large animal imaging elective. Mattoon JS.No abstract available
Electrocution in the horse.
The Veterinary record    March 3, 1998   Volume 142, Issue 3 68 doi: 10.1136/vr.142.3.68-a
Novales M, Hernández E, Lucena R.No abstract available
Clostridium difficile infection in a horse.
The Veterinary record    March 3, 1998   Volume 142, Issue 2 47 
Teale CJ, Naylor RD.No abstract available
The reappearance of strongyle eggs in the faeces of horses after treatment with moxidectin.
The veterinary quarterly    February 27, 1998   Volume 20, Issue 1 15-17 doi: 10.1080/01652176.1998.9694828
Boersema JH, Eysker M, van der Aar WM.The reappearance of strongyle eggs in the faeces of horses treated with moxidectin (0.4 mg/kg of body weight) was compared with that in the faeces of horses treated with ivermectin (0.2 mg/kg of body weight). The study was performed from December 1995 till June 1996. Horses were infected naturally in the preceding grazing period. Two groups of 24 horses each were treated with moxidectin and ivermectin respectively at week 0. No side effects were seen after treatment. Horses were housed from week -1 till week 17. From week 17 onwards the horses were on pasture. Faecal samples were taken from ea...
The distribution of Anoplocephala perfoliata in the intestine of the horse and associated pathological changes.
Veterinary parasitology    February 27, 1998   Volume 73, Issue 3-4 225-241 doi: 10.1016/s0304-4017(97)00123-4
Williamson RM, Gasser RB, Middleton D, Beveridge I.The intestinal tracts of 130 horses were examined for infection with Anoplocephala perfoliata at necropsy. Fifty horses (38.5%) harboured the tapeworm, and the site of attachment of each worm was recorded using predetermined anatomical landmarks. The worms were attached in four regions of the gastrointestinal tract: 17% of the worms were found at the ileocaecal junction, 81% on the caecal wall, 1.7% in the terminal ileum and 0.2% in the ventral colon. The severity of lesions produced at the sites of attachment was related to the number of worms attached. Due to the small area of the ileocaecal...
Effect of the nematode-trapping fungus Duddingtonia flagrans on the free-living stages of horse parasitic nematodes: a pilot study.
Veterinary parasitology    February 27, 1998   Volume 73, Issue 3-4 257-266 doi: 10.1016/s0304-4017(97)00121-0
Fernández AS, Larsen M, Nansen P, Grønvold J, Henriksen SA, Wolstrup J.A plot experiment was conducted to investigate the ability of the nematode-trapping fungus Duddingtonia flagrans to reduce the transmission of infective horse strongyle larvae from deposited dung onto surrounding herbage. At three different times during the summer 1995, three groups of horses, naturally infected with large and small strongyles, were fed different doses of D. flagrans spores, while a fourth group of animals served as non-fungal controls. Faeces from all four groups of horses were deposited as artificial dung pats on a parasite-free pasture. Every second week for 8 weeks after d...
Foals raised on pasture with or without daily pyrantel tartrate feed additive: comparison of parasite burdens and host responses following experimental challenge with large and small strongyle larvae.
Veterinary parasitology    February 27, 1998   Volume 73, Issue 3-4 277-289 doi: 10.1016/s0304-4017(97)00096-4
Monahan CM, Chapman MR, Taylor HW, French DD, Klei TR.Three groups of foals were raised under different management programs in this study: Group 1 (n = 6) and Group 2 (n = 6) were raised with their dams on pasture; Group 3 foals (n = 5) were raised under parasite-free conditions. Mares and foals of Group 1 received daily pyrantel tartrate (PT) treatment with their pelleted feed ration, whereas mares and foals of Groups 2 and 3 received only the pelleted ration. Pasture-reared foals were weaned and moved to a heavily contaminated pasture for 5 weeks. Group 1 foals continued to receive daily PT treatment whereas Group 2 foals received only the pell...
Treatment of a chronic comminuted fracture of the fibula in a horse.
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association    February 21, 1998   Volume 212, Issue 3 396-398 
O'Rielly JL, Bertone AL, Genovese RL.A four-year-old Standardbred gelding was examined because of vague right hind limb lameness of 3 to 4 months' duration. Results of physical examination, radiography, and scintigraphy were indicative of a chronic comminuted fracture of the proximal portion of the right fibula. A cancellous bone graft was placed in the fracture site, and 3 months later, the fracture appeared to be healed radiographically. Fractures of the fibula are rare in horses and should not be confused with normal anatomic discontinuities that result in a bi- or tripartite appearance of the fibula on radiographs. Because th...
Comments on chronic environmental cadmium toxicosis in horses and cattle.
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association    February 21, 1998   Volume 212, Issue 3 340-341 
Smith RM.No abstract available
Nosocomial transmission of Cryptosporidium in a veterinary hospital.
Journal of veterinary internal medicine    February 21, 1998   Volume 11, Issue 6 340-343 doi: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.1997.tb00477.x
Konkle DM, Nelson KM, Lunn DP.An outbreak of cryptosporidiosis occurred at a veterinary hospital, involving multiple species, including humans. The index case was an infected dairy calf that presented with diarrhea. Several other cases of cryptosporidial diarrhea subsequently developed during a 1-month period. The key features of this outbreak were the multiple species affected, the increased morbidity in immunocompromised neonates, and the failure of implemented control measures to contain the disease.
Uptake of drugs from topically applied anti-inflammatory preparations applied to racing animals.
Australian veterinary journal    February 20, 1998   Volume 75, Issue 12 897-901 doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1997.tb11261.x
Thomas AD, Bowater IC, Vine JH, McLean JG.To determine whether a drug detected in the blood or urine of a racing animal could have penetrated through the skin from a topically applied preparation. Methods: Blood and urine of dogs and horses were analysed after topical administration of three common nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory preparations. Methods: Dimethylsulphoxide was analysed using a gas chromatograph with a flame photometric detector. Phenylbutazone, its metabolites and lignocaine were analysed using a gas chromatograph with a mass selective detector. Results: Dimethylsulphoxide, phenylbutazone and lignocaine were detected in ...
Influence of Llamas, Horses, and Hikers on Soil Erosion from Established Recreation Trails in Western Montana, USA.
Environmental management    February 18, 1998   Volume 22, Issue 2 255-262 doi: 10.1007/s002679900101
Deluca TH, Patterson Iv WA , Freimund WA, Cole DN./ Various types of recreational traffic impact hiking trails uniquely and cause different levels of trail degradation; however, trail head restrictions are applied similarly across all types of packstock. The purpose of this study was to assess the relative physical impact of hikers, llamas, and horses on recreational trails. Horse, llama, and hiker traffic were applied to 56 separate plots on an existing trail at Lubrecht Experimental Forest in western Montana. The traffic was applied to plots at intensities of 250 and 1000 passes along with a no-traffic control under both prewetted and dry t...
Illegal use of beta-adrenergic agonists: European Community.
Journal of animal science    February 17, 1998   Volume 76, Issue 1 195-207 doi: 10.2527/1998.761195x
Kuiper HA, Noordam MY, van Dooren-Flipsen MM, Schilt R, Roos AH.The use of veterinary medicinal products within the European Community is governed by a series of directives and regulations that describe the requirements for safety, quality, and efficacy of these products. Veterinary therapeutic use of beta-agonists has only been approved in the case of clenbuterol for bronchodilatation in horses and calves and for tocolysis in cows. No beta-agonists have been permitted in the European Community for growth-promoting purposes in farm animals. Surveillance for the presence of residues of veterinary agents in food-producing animals and meat is regulated by the...
Biological control of gastro-intestinal nematodes–facts, future, or fiction?
Veterinary parasitology    February 14, 1998   Volume 72, Issue 3-4 479-492 doi: 10.1016/s0304-4017(97)00112-x
Larsen M, Nansen P, Grønvold J, Wolstrup J, Henriksen SA.The potential of using fungi to prevent nematodosis caused by parasites with free-living larval stages is well documented today. In this respect Duddingtonia flagrans, a net-trapping, nematode-destroying fungus, appears to be the most promising candidate. Laboratory experiments and in-vivo studies, where fungal spores have survived passage through the gastro-intestinal tract of cattle and horses, plus field studies with cattle, horses and pigs, demonstrate significant reduction in the number of infective larvae that develop in the faecal environment. In field trials this reduction subsequently...
Inappropriate administration of mineral oil resulting in lipoid pneumonia in three horses.
Equine veterinary journal    February 12, 1998   Volume 30, Issue 1 85-88 doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1998.tb04094.x
Scarratt WK, Moon ML, Sponenberg DP, Feldman B.No abstract available
Progress in the molecular genetics of the horse.
Equine veterinary journal    February 12, 1998   Volume 30, Issue 1 1-2 doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1998.tb04078.x
Harrison SP.No abstract available
Effect of exercise on erythrocyte beta-adrenergic receptors and plasma concentrations of catecholamines and thyroid hormones in Thoroughbred horses.
Equine veterinary journal    February 12, 1998   Volume 30, Issue 1 72-78 doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1998.tb04091.x
González O, González E, Sánchez C, Pinto J, González I, Enríquez O, Martínez R, Filgueira G, White A.The effects of exercise stress on erythrocyte beta-adrenergic receptor characteristics and plasma concentrations of adrenaline, noradrenaline and thyroid hormones were studied in Thoroughbred racehorses during rest and after exercise. Five minutes after a maximal speed race of 1200 +/- 200 m (mean +/- s.d.), both plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline concentrations increased with respect to basal values (from 2.48 +/- 0.15 to 3.83 +/- 0.27 and from 2.13 +/- 0.11 to 3.53 +/- 0.27 nmol/l respectively). The increment of adrenaline was greater in high performance (HP) as compared to low performance ...
Biomechanical implications of mineral content and microstructural variations in cortical bone of horse, elk, and sheep calcanei.
The Anatomical record    February 12, 1998   Volume 249, Issue 3 297-316 doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0185(199711)249:3<297::AID-AR1>3.0.CO;2-S
Skedros JG, Su SC, Bloebaum RD.Artiodactyl and perissodactyl calcanei have been recently introduced as models for examining bone for mechanically mediated adaptation. We have reported substantial regional variations in cortical bone microstructure and mineral content within the same cross-section of mule deer calcanei. In part, these variations may be adaptations accommodating the customary presence of predominantly tension, compression, and shear strain modes in mutually exclusive cortical locations. Calcanei from skeletally mature horses, elk, and sheep were examined in order to corroborate these previous findings. From e...
Equine somatotropin (growth hormone)–what therapeutic role?
Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)    February 10, 1998   Volume 155, Issue 1 3-4 doi: 10.1016/s1090-0233(98)80027-0
Rose RJ.No abstract available
The pharmacokinetics of cefadroxil over a range of oral doses and animal ages in the foal.
Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics    February 7, 1998   Volume 20, Issue 6 427-433 doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2885.1997.00085.x
D○ NE, Stang BE, Schaeffer DJ.To evaluate the effect of foal age on the pharmacokinetics of cefadroxil, five foals were administered cefadroxil in a single intravenous dose (5 mg/kg) and a single oral dose (10 or 20 mg/kg) at ages of 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 5 months. Pharmacokinetic parameters of terminal elimination rate constant (beta(po)), oral mean residence time (MRTpo), mean absorption time (MAT), rate constant for oral absorption (Ka), bioavailability F, peak serum concentrations (Cmax) and time of peak concentration (tmax), were evaluated in a repeated measures analysis over dose. Across animal ages, parameters for the in...
[Analysis of the distribution of ribosomal RNA genes on chromosomes of the domestic horse (Equus caballus) using fluorescent in situ hybridization].
Genetika    January 31, 1998   Volume 33, Issue 9 1281-1286 
Deriusheva SE, Loginova IuA, Chiriaeva OG, Iaschak K, Smirnov AF.Distribution of blocks of ribosomal RNA genes along metaphase chromosomes of 26 horses from five breeds was determined by means of a modified method of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in combination with simultaneous R- banding. Gene loci coding for rRNA were mapped to the region of secondary constriction on the short arm of chromosome 1, and to the pericentromeric regions of chromosomes 27, 28, and 31. The nucleolar organizer region (NOR) on chromosome 27 was not described earlier. Interindividual and interchromosomal NOR polymorphism was detected With the use of a semiquantitative ...
In vitro responses to noradrenaline of small intestine taken from normal and grass sickness-affected horses.
Veterinary research communications    January 28, 1998   Volume 21, Issue 8 571-585 doi: 10.1023/a:1005923015366
Murray A, Pearson GT, Cottrell DF.Small intestine was taken from the caudal flexure of the duodenum and the terminal ileum proximal to the ileocaecal fold of 25 horses, 9 with acute grass sickness (AGS), 12 with subacute grass sickness (SAGS) and 12 with chronic grass sickness (CGS). The motility in the samples was measured isometrically either within 1 h of death or after storage for 24 h at 4 degree C. In control tissue, noradrenaline produced contractions of muscle strips which did not involve a muscarinic cholinergic mechanism and which were unaffected by the alpha 1 antagonist prazosin but were blocked by the alpha 2 anta...
A novel P/V/C gene in a new member of the Paramyxoviridae family, which causes lethal infection in humans, horses, and other animals.
Journal of virology    January 28, 1998   Volume 72, Issue 2 1482-1490 doi: 10.1128/JVI.72.2.1482-1490.1998
Wang LF, Michalski WP, Yu M, Pritchard LI, Crameri G, Shiell B, Eaton BT.In 1994, a new member of the family Paramyxoviridae isolated from fatal cases of respiratory disease in horses and humans was shown to be distantly related to morbilliviruses and provisionally called equine morbillivirus (K. Murray et al., Science 268:94-97, 1995). To facilitate characterization and classification, the virus was purified, viral proteins were identified, and the P/V/C gene was cloned and sequenced. The coding strategy of the gene is similar to that of Sendai and measles viruses, members of the Paramyxovirus and Morbillivirus genera, respectively, in the subfamily Paramyxovirina...
An overview of pseudorabies (Aujeszky’s disease) and vesicular stomatitis from the Canadian Animal Health Network.
The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne    January 27, 1998   Volume 39, Issue 1 23-32 
Inch C.No abstract available
Effects of hypochlorous acid and ascorbic acid on conductance, permeability, and structure of equine colonic mucosa in vitro.
American journal of veterinary research    January 27, 1998   Volume 59, Issue 1 82-87 
Inoue OJ, Freeman DE, Wallig M.To study effects of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) on equine colonic mucosa in vitro, and determine whether addition of ascorbic acid protects against the effects. Methods: 6 healthy horses and ponies. Methods: Short-circuit current was measured in mucosa mounted in Ussing chambers. Incubation conditions were: control (no additions); 5 mM HOCl; 1 mM HOCl; same and 5 mM ascorbic acid; 3 mM HOCl; 3 mM HOCl and 5 mM ascorbic acid; 7 mM HOCl; and 7 mM HOCl plus 5 mM ascorbic acid. Permeability was measured with [3H]mannitol and, at the conclusion of each experiment, tissues were examined microscopically...
Comparative analysis of equine lymphocyte subsets in whole blood and gradient-purified samples.
Veterinary immunology and immunopathology    January 22, 1998   Volume 58, Issue 3-4 231-237 doi: 10.1016/s0165-2427(97)00044-5
Akens MK, Holznagel E, Franchini M, Bracher V.In the present study, two methods of lymphocyte preparation, whole blood lysis and Ficoll-Paque separation, prior to FACS analysis were compared. The comparison was done with single and dual-colour staining techniques. Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against eCD4, eCD5, eCD8 and eMHC class II were used. There was no significant difference in the results obtained by these two methods.
Erythrocyte aggregation tendency and cellular properties in horse, human, and rat: a comparative study.
The American journal of physiology    January 22, 1998   Volume 273, Issue 6 H2604-H2612 doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.1997.273.6.H2604
Baskurt OK, Farley RA, Meiselman HJ.Horse blood has a higher tendency to form red blood cell (RBC) aggregates compared with human blood, with this enhanced aggregation previously attributed to differences in plasma factors. Our results confirm this observation and further indicate that washed horse RBC also have a significantly higher aggregation tendency in dextran 70 solutions (i.e., horse RBC have a higher "aggregability"). In contrast, the aggregation tendency of rat RBC, both in autologous plasma and in dextran 70, is significantly less compared with human and horse RBC. Other rheological findings for horse and rat RBC incl...
Gastric emptying of oral rehydration solutions at rest and after exercise in horses.
Research in veterinary science    January 16, 1998   Volume 63, Issue 2 183-187 doi: 10.1016/s0034-5288(97)90015-1
Sosa León LA, Hodgson DR, Rose RJ.We examined the gastric emptying (GE) of oral rehydration solutions (ORS) at rest and after exercise in four Standardbred horses. In one study isotonic, cold isotonic (5 degrees C), isotonic containing glucose and hypertonic fluid were tested at rest. In another study, isotonic fluid was given following a bout of treadmill exercise at 70 per cent VO2 max until exhaustion or at rest. In both studies, a single dose of 8 litres was given via nasogastric tube. GE and electrolyte concentrations (Na+, K+ and Cl-) of the stomach content were measured at 15 minutes intervals for one hour. In both stud...
Kinematic symmetry index: a method for quantifying the horse locomotion symmetry using kinematic data.
Veterinary research    January 15, 1998   Volume 28, Issue 6 525-538 
Pourcelot P, Audigié F, Degueurce C, Denoix JM, Geiger D.This study was conducted to evaluate a method for quantifying locomotion symmetry at trot in sound and lame horses. Using a 3D kinematic analysis system, the kinematics of the limb joints of sound and lame horses were recorded. The differences in motion between the left and right homologous joints were then quantified using a symmetry index based on an inter-correlation method. This method was used to calculate the symmetry indices of the vertical displacements and angle-time diagrams of the joints of each horse. In order to evaluate the sensitivity of this method of quantifying the locomotion...
Carbon dioxide laser as a surgical instrument for sarcoid therapy–a retrospective study on 60 cases.
The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne    January 14, 1998   Volume 38, Issue 12 773-776 
Carstanjen B, Jordan P, Lepage OM.The objective of this retrospective clinical study was to evaluate the carbon dioxide laser in the treatment of single and multiple sarcoids in 60 animals (44 horses, 13 donkeys, 2 mules, and 1 pony). Only animals that had been operated on 6 mo or more ago were included. Recurrence, new manifestation rate, and cosmetic outcome were determined. Recurrence was observed in 23 (38%) individuals. Animals with new sarcoid manifestation with or without recurrence of a sarcoid were observed in 35 cases (58%). Cases of scar tissue formation and, rarely, leukotrichia were observed. Animals presented wit...