Omneity® Pellets
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Topic:Animal Health
Animal Health encompasses a broad range of topics focused on maintaining and improving the well-being of equine species. This field addresses various aspects of horse care, including disease prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and management of health conditions. Key areas of interest include equine nutrition, vaccination protocols, parasite control, dental care, and the management of chronic conditions such as laminitis and colic. Additionally, animal health research in horses investigates the impact of exercise and training on physical health, the role of genetics in disease susceptibility, and the development of new therapeutic approaches. This page compiles peer-reviewed research studies and scholarly articles that explore the latest advancements, challenges, and best practices in preserving and enhancing the health of horses.
Prevalence of Anoplocephala perfoliata in horses and ponies in Clwyd, Powys and adjacent English marches. The prevalence of Anoplocephala perfoliata in 103 horses and ponies from Clwyd, Powys and the adjacent English marches, slaughtered during January 1987, was 69 per cent.
Sternothyrohyoideus myectomy in horses: 17 cases (1984-1985). Review of medical records of 78 horses admitted to the George D. Widener Hospital for Large Animals with dorsal displacement of the soft palate revealed 94% of these horses to have evidence of an intermittent abnormal "gurgling" respiratory noise at the time of exercise. Sternothyrohyoideus myectomy was used as a primary treatment for 17 of these horses, with a success rate of 58%. Anatomic dissection of 30 horses indicated that the midcervical region is the optimal site for sternothyrohyoideus myectomy to alleviate dorsal displacement of the soft palate.
[2 cases of colonic pbstipation in ponies, probably as a sequela of a treatment with Taktic]. Within a one-year period two ponies were operated on because of colon impaction. The two ponies had each been treated with Amitraz (Taktik) quite recently. In view of findings reported in the literature, the colon impaction in these two ponies was very likely to have been due to treatment with Taktik.
Hydrocortisone secretion: production rate and pulse characterization by numerical deconvolution. Based on serial blood sampling over 24 h, hydrocortisone was shown to be secreted episodically in the horse. The purpose of the present experiment was to characterize peaks and troughs by analyzing the instantaneous secretion rate profile obtained by a deconvolution technique rather than from the plasma concentration time profile. Kinetic parameters of hydrocortisone were determined following intravenous bolus and intravenous perfusion of hydrocortisone. Stationary and nonlinearity of hydrocortisone disposition were demonstrated. With the use of clearance values calculated from constant perfus...
Kairi virus identified from a febrile horse in Argentina. A virus isolated from the blood of a febrile horse in Argentina was identified as a strain of Kairi virus. This is the fifth Bunyamwera serogroup virus isolated from livestock and wild animals in the Americas. Bunyamwera serogroup viruses have been isolated from febrile humans in the Americas and Africa.
Preferred landing sites of Culicoides species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) on a horse in Israel and its relevance to summer seasonal recurrent dermatitis (sweet itch). Six hundred and twenty culicoides of five species were collected from a bait horse at Kannot, Israel, between April and September 1986. Seventy-two per cent of the midges were collected from the belly and 27 per cent from the dorsal aspect of the body, ie, the sweet itch summer seasonal recurrent dermatitis (SSRD) zone. Midges were active mainly from half an hour prior to half an hour after sunset. Only Culicoides puncticollis, C imicola and C schultzei group were collected in considerable numbers. While C imicola was present continuously throughout the season, the appearance of the two other ...
Continuous absorbable suture pattern in the closure of ventral midline abdominal incisions in horses. A retrospective study was performed to evaluate the healing of ventral midline abdominal incisions, closed with a simple continuous suture pattern using absorbable suture material, in 139 horses and foals. Dehiscence and incisional hernia developed separately in two horses. The low incidence of dehiscence and incisional hernia, compared with their reported incidence following the use of interrupted suture repair, leads the authors to recommend this alternative method of abdominal incision closure in horses. The security of closure is not sacrificed and the advantages of a rapid closure are des...
Delayed repair of an extensive lip laceration in a colt using an Estlander flap. A vascularized full-thickness Estlander flap was used to repair a defect involving approximately 40% of the left lower lip of a colt. Postoperative problems were (1) providing nutritional support, (2) minimizing movement at the surgical site, and (3) partial wound dehiscence resulting in a salivary fistula. The surgical site healed well and the colt was left with a fully functional and cosmetic lower lip.
Prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti (Flesch, 1883) and intensity of faecal oocyst output in a herd of horses during a summer grazing season. The prevalence of Eimeria leuckarti infection and the intensity of faecal oocyst output were determined in a herd of 14 mares and their foals in northwest Germany using a sedimentation technique at weekly intervals during a summer grazing season from May to September. None of the mares, but all foals shed oocysts on at least one occasion. The patent periods lasted up to 16 weeks. The mean intensity of oocyst output (0.1-33 o.p.g.) was very low. No clinical signs of gastrointestinal disorder were noticed in any of the foals during this study.
Characteristics of milk ejection, associated intramammary pressure changes and oxytocin release in the mare. The neuroendocrine reflex theory of milk ejection was investigated in the horse under natural suckling conditions. To this end 12 lactating mares were provided with acute jugular catheters and with intramammary pressure (IMP) recording catheters. The foal had free access to the contralateral mammary complex. Intramammary pressure could thus be recorded while blood was drawn simultaneously for oxytocin analysis from the undisturbed animal. Suckling periods associated with a characteristic increase in IMP lasted significantly longer than unsuccessful nursing attempts. Elements of successful suck...
Ectopic ureter managed by unilateral nephrectomy in two female horses. Unilateral ureteral ectopia was diagnosed in three-year-old and 10-month-old fillies exhibiting urinary incontinence since birth. In one case reimplantation of the ureter onto the bladder was planned but considered to be impractical intra-operatively. Unilateral nephrectomy was performed successfully in both cases which alleviated the urinary incontinence. Both horses had normal urinary function postoperatively and became healthy, serviceable animals.
A propagating epizootic of equine infectious anemia on a horse farm. An epizootic of equine infectious anemia (EIA) involved 35 horses on a farm in south Georgia. During a 126-day period, 21 of these horses became seropositive for EIA. After the initial diagnosis in July, the horses were tested every 7 to 10 days. At least one additional horse was found to be seropositive on each testing day. As soon as they were determined to be seropositive, the horses were removed from the herd and sent to slaughter. The removal of the seropositive horses, however, did not stop the epizootic. We believe the initial infection was from a 7-year-old stallion that recently had b...
Effect of administration of an alpha 2-adrenergic agonist, xylazine, on pulsatile gonadotrophin secretion in anoestrous horse mares. Two experiments were performed to test the hypothesis that the seasonal suppression of gonadotrophin pulse frequency in anoestrous horse mares reflects inhibitory neural mechanisms. In a preliminary experiment (Exp. 1) conducted in February, 4 anoestrous mares were sedated by repeated intravenous injections of xylazine, an alpha 2-adrenergic receptor agonist. On the day of treatment, 1-2 LH pulses were observed in xylazine-treated mares. In contrast, during a 12-h period only 1/8 untreated control mares exhibited a LH pulse. In Exp. 2, the effect of xylazine-induced sedation on pulsatile gonad...
Production of monovalent anti-Bothrops asper antivenom: development of immune response in horses and neutralizing ability. A monovalent antivenom was produced by immunizing two horses with venom of the pit viper Bothrops asper (Ophidia: Viperidae). Although development of the immune response against four toxic and enzymatic activities of the venom was similar in both horses during the first two thirds of the immunization schedule, antibody response in one of the horses reached much higher levels in the last part of the immunization. Immunoelectrophoretic analysis indicates that there were precipitating antibodies in the sera of these horses during all the stages of immunization. However, immunoprecipitation did no...
Evaluation of ivermectin for larvicidal effect in experimentally induced Parascaris equorum infections in pony foals. A controlled test was carried out on 15 pony foals inoculated with 1,500 +/- 108.8 infective Parascaris equorum eggs. The foals were assigned to 3 treatment groups. Treatments given on postinoculation day 11 included 0.2 mg of ivermectin/kg of body weight, formulated as paste (n = 5), or liquid (n = 5), or no treatment (controls; n = 5). The foals were euthanatized on postinoculation day 25, and examined for larvae in the small intestine, lungs, and liver. Larvae were not found in foals treated with ivermectin liquid or paste, whereas significantly (P less than 0.05) higher mean numbers (960.9...
A method for reproducing fatal idiopathic colitis (colitis X) in ponies and isolation of a clostridium as a possible agent. Severe colitis was induced in two ponies after oral pretreatment with clindamycin and lincomycin, followed by intestinal content from two horses which had died from naturally-occurring idiopathic colitis. Two ponies treated with antibiotic alone, and two ponies treated with intestinal content alone, were unaffected. In a further study, three ponies treated on separate occasions with lincomycin, administered orally, died or were destroyed 67 to 72 h after initial treatment. No established salmonella, yersinia or campylobacter pathogens were isolated from these ponies, but a clostridium closely ...
Biochemical indicators of bone formation in foals after transfer from pasture to stables for the winter months. Serum alkaline phosphatase activity and serum concentrations of osteocalcin, free thyroxine, protein, and cholesterol were measured in 14 foals monthly from birth to 1 year of age. A transient decrease (P less than 0.05) in alkaline phosphatase activity and osteocalcin, free thyroxine, and cholesterol concentrations was found in November after transferring the horses from pasture to stables for the winter months. During the 2 subsequent months, serum alkaline phosphatase activity and osteocalcin concentration increased slightly. Protein concentration was highest in late fall and decreased (P l...
World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (W.A.A.V.P.) guidelines for evaluating the efficacy of equine anthelmintics. These guidelines have been designed to assist in the planning, operation and interpretation of studies which would serve to assess the efficacy of drugs against internal parasites of horses. Although the term anthelmintic is used in the title and text, these guidelines include studies on drug efficacy against larvae of horse bot flies, Gasterophilus spp, which are non-helminth parasites commonly occurring in the stomach of horses. The advantages, disadvantages and application of critical and controlled tests are presented. Information is also provided on selection of animals, housing, feed, do...
Prednisolone binding to plasma proteins in domestic species. The binding of prednisolone to total plasma proteins of dogs, horses, cows, and sheep was characterized using equilibrium dialysis. Prednisolone was bound to a first protein with high affinity but low capacity (transcortin) and to a second protein according to a nonsaturable mechanism (albumin). Interspecies differences were observed, with cows and dogs exhibiting the lowest, and sheep and horses the highest specific binding capacities. The results are in good agreement with known pharmacokinetic properties of prednisolone in domestic species.
