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Topic:Disease
The study of diseases in horses encompasses a wide range of conditions affecting equine health, including infectious diseases, metabolic disorders, and genetic abnormalities. These diseases can impact various systems within the horse, such as respiratory, gastrointestinal, and musculoskeletal systems, and can lead to significant health challenges. Research in this area focuses on understanding the pathophysiology, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of equine diseases. Common diseases studied include equine influenza, equine herpesvirus, and laminitis. This page provides access to peer-reviewed research studies and scholarly articles that explore the etiology, clinical presentation, and management strategies of diseases in horses, contributing to the advancement of equine veterinary medicine.
Equine granulosa cell tumors. Unilateral ovariectomy was performed on 3 mares affected with granulosa cell tumors. Tumor fluid in each mare was found to contain estrogen, testosterone, and progesterone. In 2 mares, preoperative blood plasma concentrations of these hormones were comparable to those of a series of clinically normal mares. The other mare, which had a history of aggressive, masculine behavior, had higher testosterone content in the tumor fluid and in the preoperative blood sample. After surgical removal of the tumors, each mare developed follicles and ovulated with the remaining ovary. Each was eventually bred...
Auto-immune hemolytic anemia in two horses. Two cases of Auto-immune hemolytic anemia (AHA) in the horse are described. The pathogenesis of AHA in man is related to the findings in the horses. Besides from routine hematological and biochemical investigations specific data were obtained from the erythrocyte osmotic fragility test, the Coombs test, the serum haptoglobulin level and the cold agglutinin test. The first patient, a six month old Dutch standardbred colt, probably suffered from an acute attack of cold-induced hemoglobinuria with severe anemia and acronecrosis of the tops of both ears and of several parts of the skin that had be...
[Dry erythrocytic diagnostic agent for the determination of antiglobulins]. Dry erythrocytic diagnostic agents were obtained under experimental conditions for determination of antiglobulins forming in the organism of man and animals under the effect of serum preparations from the blood of horses and homologoum immunoglobulins. A study was made of the sera of 100 patients with tick-borne encephalitis treated with heterologous and homologous immunoglobulins of directed action; in response to the administration of horse gamma-globulin antiglobulins (in titres below 1 : 10000) appeared in the serum; they circulated in the blood for long periods and inhibited the accumulat...
Ventricular septal defect in a 7-year-old gelding. A congenital heart defect characterised by persistent patency (open-ness) of the ventricular septum, permitting flow of blood directly between ventricles, bypassing the pulmonary circulation and resulting in various degrees of cyanosis (blue discolouration of the skin) due to oxygen deficiency. Clinical signs include systolic murmur and a palpable thrill on both sides of the chest, dyspnoea and poor tolerance of exercise.
A case of equine laryngospasm. This research presents a unique case of laryngospasm in a horse, a condition that is often observed in cats and other domestic animals, but rarely reported in horses. Traditional methodologies […]
Treatment of tetanus in the horse by injections of tetanus antitoxin into the subarachnoid space. In 40 horses with tetanus, large doses of tetanus antitoxin (TAT) were injected into the subarachnoid space. In all the horses that recovered, the disease stabilized immediately after the injection. The results (77.5% recovery) were much better than in a previous series of horses with tetanus (50% recovery), in which TAT was injected either intravenously, intramuscularly, or in the epidural space.
The relation of infection to infertility in the mare and stallion. Many normally fertile stallions harbour bacteria in and on the genital organs. Many mares served by such stallions are unaffected by the bacteria to which they are thus exposed; however, some mares so exposed will become infected and diseased. Presumably, the genital defenses of such mares had been compromised. Strain differences in pathogenicity of bacteria do exist. Some mares affected with pyometra had irregular ovarian activity and some had normal ovarian cycles. In the former group, destruction of the endometrium many have prevented the production of endogenous luteolysin. The leukopenia ...
Isolation of equine herpesvirus type 1 from a horse with an acute paralytic disease. A Standardbred mare became paralyzed shortly after showing signs of an upper respiratory infection. The mare was euthanized and equine herpesvirus type 1 was isolated from the brain and spinal cord.
Closure of ductus arteriosus determined by cardiac catheterization and angiography in newborn foals. The physiologic closure of the ductus areteriosus was determined in 4 foals less than 16 hours old. The common carotid artery was catheterized, using local anesthesia and tranquilization, and contrast medium was injected into the ascending aorta. Radiographs were made of heart and great vessels during and after the injection to visualize the pathway of injected contrast medium.
Suppression of the pathogenic effects of Strongylus edentatus larvae with thiabendazole. Four pony foals were inoculated with Strongylus edentatus infective larvae and on days 3 and 4 postinfection two of the ponies were treated with thiabendazole, each at the rate of 440 mg/kg of body weight. Total circulating eosinophil counts in untreated ponies increased to over 1700 per cu mm after the second week postinfection. In the treated ponies as well as in an uninfected untreated pony eosinophil counts did not increase beyond 100 per cu mm. At necropsy on day 35 postinfection the cecum, colon and omentum of treated ponies were normal and few tracks were present on the surface of the l...
Some serological reactions to “brucella” antigen in the horse. Seventy-three samples of serum, from 69 horses and one zebra, were subjected to the Rose Bengal Plate, serum tube agglutination, complement fixation, and anti-equine globulin (Coombs') tests for brucellosis. Fifty-one of the samples, from 48 horses, were submitted by practising veterinary surgeons; of these, 22 samples were associated with clinical conditions which might have been due to brucellosis. Fourteen samples were from healthy horses known to have been in contact with infected cattle, and six were from horses which were known not to have been exposed to brucellosis. More reactions at a...
Adenoviral pneumonia in a foal. A three-week-old Arabian filly was admitted to the Large Animal Hospital with a respiratory disorder and died despite symptomatic treatment. The necropsy lesions were suggestive of viral pneumonia. An equine adenovirus were isolated from nasal and pharyngeal swabs and from several tissues after death. Typical adenovirus virions were demonstrated by electron microscopy.
Onchocerca cervicalis infection in horses from the western United States. In a study of Onchocerca cervicalis infection in a sample of 100 horses from the western United States, 48 were infected. Infection was more common in older horses and occurred in both sexes equally. Data about the distribution and the concentration of microfilariae within the skin are presented. The only cutaneous pathologic change that could be attributed to microfilariae was minimal perivascular inflammatory cell infiltrate. Invasion of the eye with microfilariae occurred in 60 percent of the infected horses. An attempt was not made to relate microfilarial invasion of the eye with ocular pa...
[False-positive results obtained on examining slaughtered animals for the presence of antibiotic residues (author’s transl)]. As part of the examination of emergency-slaughtered animals for the presence of antibiotic residues, studies were done to see whether false-positive results would be obtained when the Sarcina lutea kidney test and Bacillus subtilis BGA test were performed. When the S. lutea kidney test was positive in cattle, calves and swine, penicillin was invariably found to be present in those animals, the histories of which showed that they had not been given antibiotics. A syringe and an injected fluid containing penicillin residues are regarded as possible causes of these positive results. When the S. l...
[Prevention of tetanus in man and animal following injury]. The effect of heterologous and homologous antitoxin is the same if an equal amount of antitoxin is present in the organism. In man there are no circulating antibodies in the blood after the first injection of the toxoid because there is no natural immunity against the tetanus antigen. After the second injection, man develops the same immunity as animals. Large antitoxin doses protect people for a longer period than small doses. Normally 3,000 I. U. of the heterologous antitoxin protects people for 2 to 3 weeks. In man and sheep 2 ml of the adsorbed vaccine produces an earlier and longer-lastin...
