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Topic:Equine Diseases
Equine diseases encompass a wide range of health conditions that can affect horses, including infectious diseases, metabolic disorders, and genetic conditions. These diseases can impact the overall health, performance, and well-being of horses. Common equine diseases include equine influenza, equine herpesvirus, laminitis, and equine metabolic syndrome. Diagnosis and management of these diseases often require a combination of clinical evaluation, laboratory testing, and appropriate treatment strategies. This page gathers peer-reviewed research studies and scholarly articles that explore the etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment options for various equine diseases, providing valuable insights for veterinarians and researchers in the field.
Ethmoid hematoma of the equine. Two cases of ethmoid hematoma of the equine are reported. Clinically both horses had intermittent unilateral epistaxis unassociated with exercise. In one horse, diagnosis was based on the use of an endoscope for visualization and for biopsy of a mass associated with the ethmoid turbinates. In the other horse, exploratory trephination of the posterior maxillary sinus was necessary to obtain a diagnostic biopsy specimen. Radiography was helpful in the diagnosis of one case. Surgical removal of the mass was attempted in one case. Histological examination of the biopsies was the single most defini...
Pilar neurocristic hamartoma: its relationship to blue nevus and equine melanotic disease. A unique pigmented lesion, judged to be a hamartoma of neural crest origin, occurring in a female patient, is compared with equine melanotic disease, The characteristic perifollicular arrangement of pigment-laden spindle cells is remarkably similar in both. Previously described patch- and plaque-like blue nevi in humans are also closely related. Light and ultrastructural features showed differentiation toward both nevus cells and Schwann cells, and it is proposed that the lesion be termed pilar neurocristic hamartoma.
A survey of granulomatous and neoplastic diseases of equine skin in north Queensland. A survey of granulomatous and neoplastic diseases of the skin of horses of tropical north Queensland was carried out during the period 1970-1980. Of 338 horses affected, 46.4% suffered from equine fibrosarcoma (sarcoid), 30.2% from phycomycosis, 7.4% from squamous cell carcinoma, 6.8% from other tumours, 4.7% from cutaneous habronemiasis and 4.4% from exuberant granulation tissue. Most specimens were submitted during the first half of the year after the wet monsoonal season and significantly more diseases originated during the first quarter. There was minor variations with breed, age and sex s...
Equine ocular onchocerciasis: histopathologic study. Equine eyes (368) were examined clinically and histologically for abnormalities associated with the presence of ocular microfilariae of naturally occurring Onchocerca sp infection. Forty of the eyes had microfilariae in the conjunctiva, but distinguishing clinical abnormalities were not associated with their presence. In 1 horse with ocular microfilariae that was treated with diethylcarbamazine daily for 2 weeks, ocular tissue samples were obtained before, during, and after the horse was treated, and the samples were compared histologically. During treatment of the horse, microfilariae apparen...
Bioactive and immunoreactive adrenocorticotropin in normal equine pituitary and in pituitary tumors of horses with Cushing’s disease. Equine Cushing's disease is caused by hypersecretion of ACTH by hyperplasia or adenomas of pars intermedia (PI) cells, in contrast to human Cushing's disease, which is caused by hyperplasia or adenomas of pars distalis (PD) ACTH-secreting cells. We assayed both bioactive and immunoreactive (IR) ACTH in two normal equine pituitary glands and in the PD, PI, and pars nervosa of four such glands, as well as in the PI adenomas of five horses with Cushing's disease. In normal horse pituitaries, as in those of other species, most of the bioactive and IR-ACTH was found in PD, much less in PI, and only...
Efficacy of injectable and oral paste formulations of ivermectin against gastrointestinal parasites in ponies. A controlled test was used in ponies to compare the antiparasitic efficacy of ivermectin (22,23-dihydro-avermectin B1) in an injectable micelle solution administered IM with the efficacy of the same drug in an oral paste formulation. Parasite infections were naturally acquired in southern Louisiana. The drug was tested in both formulations at a dosage level of 0.2 mg/kg of body weight. Ivermectin in both formulations tested had an efficacy greater than 98% against Gasterophilus intestinalis and G nasalis larvae. Trichostrongylus axei, Habronema spp, Strongylus vulgaris, S. edentatus, and speci...
Histological study of navicular bone disease. A histological investigation of navicular bones from 8 horses with navicular disease was carried out to investigate the aetiology of the radiological findings. Two of the horses were double labelled with tetracycline before slaughter in order to assess the vitality of the diseased navicular bone. The examinations revealed no evidence of loss of vitality in the diseased bone areas or in surrounding tissues. A very high rate of remodelling indicated by resorption and formation of bone was present in all cases. This was shown microscopically by the high number of osteoclasts and osteoblasts prese...
Occlusion of the digital arteries — A model for pathogenesis of navicular disease. The digital arteries of 10 horses suffering from navicular disease, and 7 horses from a control group, were examined angiographically. The horses from the disease group showed complete or partial occlusion of the digital arteries in all cases. In the control group of 7 healthy horses, isolated vessel obstructions were also found but these were limited to narrowing of part of an artery only. Histological investigations showed that total occlusion of a vessel involved an organised thrombus but that partial occlusion generally involved changes to the vascular wall, similar to those caused by enda...
