Evolutionary biology and horses focus on the study of the evolutionary processes that have shaped the development, adaptation, and diversification of the Equus genus. This field examines the genetic, morphological, and ecological changes that have occurred over millions of years, leading to the modern horse. Researchers explore the transition from small, multi-toed ancestors to the large, single-toed horses of today, analyzing fossil records, genetic data, and environmental factors that influenced these changes. This page compiles peer-reviewed research studies and scholarly articles that investigate the evolutionary history, genetic adaptations, and ecological interactions of horses, providing insights into their development and survival strategies throughout history.
Feral horses in Theodore Roosevelt National Park (TRNP) represent an iconic era of the North Dakota Badlands. Their uncertain history raises management questions regarding origins, genetic diversity, and long-term genetic viability. Hair samples with follicles were collected from 196 horses in the Park and used to sequence the control region of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and to profile 12 autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) markers. Three mtDNA haplotypes found in the TRNP horses belonged to haplogroups L and B. The control region variation was low with haplotype diversity of 0.5271, nucleotide...
Noh H, Cho HU, Kim SH.The genus is widely distributed and includes species with ecological and biotechnological importance. In this study, morphological and phylogenetic analyses of the ITS and LSU rDNA sequences revealed two novel species, sp. nov. and sp. nov., as well as one previously unrecorded species in Korea, , from horse dung collected in Seopjikoji, Jeju Island, Republic of Korea. sp. nov. is unique in producing conidia from conidiomata instead of teleomorphic structures, a feature not observed in any other known species of the genus. sp. nov. is morphologically distinguished by the absence of a nec...
Rouby S, Ewies S.Bovine papillomatosis is an infectious viral disease of cattle characterized by development of benign cutaneous warts. The present study describes bovine papillomavirus infection in cattle on clinco-pathological and molecular bases and compares the identified strains with the previously characterized papillomavirus isolates in Egypt either of bovine or equine origin. Out of sixty examined cattle, skin lesions were collected from eleven clinically diseased cattle exhibiting typical papillomatosis clinical signs and subjected to histopathological and molecular identification. Histological sectio...
Murphy S.Cancer is disease of the genome. The Hallmarks of cancer are a way of thinking of cancer to help rationalize what occurs in this disease process. A solid tumor is a complex of normal and neoplastic cells, arising through an evolutionary process to survive and grow. By understanding how normal cellular mechanisms are subverted to promote cancer we can refine our approach to improve outcomes. It gives us opportunities to prevent some cancers and allowing earlier diagnosis. We can refine conventional diagnostic tools and give more accurate prognoses. It offers novel targets to improve treatment o...
Yuan Y, Hao Y, Peng C, Zhang D, Ma W, Xiao P, Li N.Getah virus (GETV) is a member of the of the . It is a single-stranded positive-RNA virus that is mainly transmitted by mosquitoes. In recent years, the spread of GETV has become increasingly serious, causing serious losses to the animal economy and posing a potential threat to public health. GETV infected animals extend from traditional domestic animals such as horses and pigs to cattle, foxes and other animals. Especially in China, the virus has been detected in many provinces in recent years. In addition, GETV-specific antibodies were detected in healthy humans. However, the threat posed b...
Li K, Cappelletti E, Dessaix C, Ciosek J, Robyn E, Johnson L, AbouEl Ela NH, Arias X, Adelson DL, Raudsepp T, Piras FM, Laird-Smith M, Hudson E....We present telomere-to-telomere genome assemblies of a Thoroughbred horse and a donkey derived from their mule offspring. Now adopted and annotated by NCBI as reference genomes, these assemblies resolve previously inaccessible regions, including satellite arrays, duplications, and telomeres. Equids are known to exhibit an uncoupling between satellite DNA and centromeric function. The completeness of these assemblies enabled annotation of both satellite-based and satellite-free centromeres, as well as non-centromeric satellite loci, revealing notable centromeric plasticity. They also allowed de...
