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Topic:Fertility
The composition of the stallion’s semen.
The Journal of endocrinology
April 1, 1956
Volume 13, Issue 3 279-290 doi: 10.1677/joe.0.0130279
MANN T, LEONE E, POLGE C.No abstract available Participation of seminal plasma during the passage of spermatozoa in the female reproductive tract of the pig and horse.
The Journal of endocrinology
January 1, 1956
Volume 13, Issue 2 133-140 doi: 10.1677/joe.0.0130133
MANN T, POLGE C, ROWSON LE.No abstract available Abortion in mares associated with cytoplasmic inclusions.
The Cornell veterinarian
July 1, 1954
Volume 44, Issue 3 322-323
SAVAGE A, ISA JM.No abstract available Observations concerning conception in the mare.
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
September 1, 1951
Volume 119, Issue 894 190-192
STOCKING GG.No abstract available The effect of oestrogens on the reproductive functions of the stallion.
Acta endocrinologica
January 1, 1951
Volume 6, Issue 3 272-284 doi: 10.1530/acta.0.0060272
BIELANSKY W, EWY Z.No abstract available Studies of fertility in the thoroughbred mare. 2. Early post-partum oestrus (“foal heat”).
Australian veterinary journal
November 1, 1950
Volume 26, Issue 11 295-300 doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1950.tb04837.x
MAHAFFEY LW.No abstract available Studies of fertility in the thoroughbred mare.
Australian veterinary journal
October 1, 1950
Volume 26, Issue 10 267-273 doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1950.tb04823.x
MAHAFFEY LW.No abstract available The semen of the thoroughbred.
The Cornell veterinarian
July 1, 1950
Volume 40, Issue 3 233-248
MacLEOD J, McGEE WR.No abstract available [Veterinary assistants and specialist veterinarians for insemination and infertility].
Deutsche tierarztliche Wochenschrift
January 1, 1949
Volume 56, Issue 1-2 3-6
GOTZE R.No abstract available [Fertility in horses].
Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde
December 1, 1948
Volume 73, Issue 23 933-936
WAGENAAR G.No abstract available Equine insemination, pro and con.
The North American veterinarian
July 1, 1948
Volume 29, Issue 7 413-417
SCHELL FG.No abstract available [About medus formations (detached whiners) in bull and stallion sperm and their diagnostic importance].
Gynaecologia. International monthly review of obstetrics and gynecology. Revue internationale mensuelle d'obstetrique et de gynecologie. Monatsschrift fur Geburtshilfe und Gynakologie
May 1, 1948
Volume 125, Issue 5 312-320
BLOM E.No abstract available Ovarian activity in the pregnant mare.
Nature
March 6, 1948
Volume 161, Issue 4088 355 doi: 10.1038/161355a0
AMOROSO EC, HANCOCK JL, ROWLANDS IW.No abstract available [Methods in preventing sterility in brood mares in the military stud-farm in Horné Motesicé].
Vojenske zdravotnicke listy
January 1, 1948
Volume 17, Issue 7-8 276-280
RICHTER L.No abstract available Anoestrus in the mare and its treatment with oestrogen.
The Veterinary record
July 12, 1947
Volume 59, Issue 26 341
BURKHARDT J.No abstract available Induction of mating and lambing in anestrous ewes following pregnant mare serum administration.
Journal of animal science
August 1, 1946
Volume 5 313-317 doi: 10.2527/jas1946.53313x
VAN DER NOOT GW, REECE RP, SKELLEY WC.No abstract available Misregulated Wnt/beta-catenin signaling leads to ovarian granulosa cell tumor development.
Cancer research
October 19, 2005
Volume 65, Issue 20 9206-9215 doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-1024
Boerboom D, Paquet M, Hsieh M, Liu J, Jamin SP, Behringer RR, Sirois J, Taketo MM, Richards JS.Misregulation of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway is a hallmark of several forms of cancer. Components of the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway are expressed in ovarian granulosa cells; nevertheless, its potential involvement in granulosa cell tumorigenesis has not been examined. To this end, human (n = 6) and equine (n = 18) granulosa cell tumors (GCT) were analyzed for beta-catenin expression by immunohistochemistry. Unlike granulosa cells of normal ovaries, most (15 of 24) GCT samples showed nuclear localization of beta-catenin, suggesting that activation of the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway plays ... Read More 72
Neutrophil NETs in reproduction: from infertility to preeclampsia and the possibility of fetal loss.
Frontiers in immunology
November 27, 2012
Volume 3 362 doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2012.00362
Hahn S, Giaglis S, Hoesli I, Hasler P.The intention of this review is to provide an overview of the potential role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in mammalian reproduction. Neutrophil NETs appear to be involved in various stages of the reproductive cycle, starting with fertility and possibly ending with fetal loss. The first suggestion that NETs may play a role in pregnancy-related disorders was in preeclampsia, where vast numbers were detected in the intervillous space of affected placentae. The induction of NETosis involved an auto-inflammatory component, mediated by the increased release of placental micro-debris in p... Read More 55
Clinical and subclinical endometritis in the mare: both threats to fertility.
Reproduction in domestic animals = Zuchthygiene
August 13, 2009
Volume 44 Suppl 3 10-22 doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2009.01485.x
LeBlanc MM, Causey RC.Endometritis, a major cause of mare infertility arising from failure to remove bacteria, spermatozoa and inflammatory exudate post-breeding, is often undiagnosed. Defects in genital anatomy, myometrial contractions, lymphatic drainage, mucociliary clearance, cervical function, plus vascular degeneration and inflamm-ageing underlie susceptibility to endometritis. Diagnosis is made through detecting uterine fluid, vaginitis, vaginal discharge, short inter-oestrous intervals, inflammatory uterine cytology and positive uterine culture. However, these signs may be absent in subclinical cases. Hyper... Read More 46
Sperm motility is lost in vitro as a consequence of mitochondrial free radical production and the generation of electrophilic aldehydes but can be significantly rescued by the presence of nucleophilic thiols.
Biology of reproduction
November 8, 2012
Volume 87, Issue 5 110 doi: 10.1095/biolreprod.112.102020
Aitken RJ, Gibb Z, Mitchell LA, Lambourne SR, Connaughton HS, De Iuliis GN.The prolonged incubation of human spermatozoa in vitro was found to induce a loss of motility associated with the activation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation in the absence of any change in mitochondrial membrane potential. The increase in mitochondrial free radical production was paralleled by a loss of protein thiols and a concomitant rise in the formation of 4-hydroxynonenal, an electrophilic product of lipid peroxidation that was found to directly suppress sperm movement. These results prompted a search for nucleophiles that could counteract the action of such cytotoxic ... Read More 43
Cyclic and pathologic changes of the mare endometrium as detected by biopsy, with a note on early embryonic death.
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
February 1, 1978
Volume 172, Issue 3 241-262
Kenney RM.Normal histologic changes that occurred in concert with the ovarian cycle were evaluated. When combined with behavioral and physical findings, this evaluation enabled determination when there was synchrony between ovarian steroids (estrogen and progesterone) and their target tissues of endometrium. A system for classification as well as definitions of patterns types and degrees of severity of inflammatory and fibrotic changes was developed to facilitate a uniform system for description and communication. An attempt was made to relate the pathologic changes to their effect on fertility when fer... Read More 42
Post-mating inflammatory responses of the uterus.
Reproduction in domestic animals = Zuchthygiene
August 29, 2012
Volume 47 Suppl 5 31-41 doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.02120.x
Katila T.This review attempts to summarize the current knowledge on uterine inflammatory response after mating in horses, pigs and cattle. Post-mating endometritis has been extensively studied in horses as it has been considered to cause infertility. The inflammation is known to occur also in cattle, but it has not been investigated to a similar extent. There are a number of publications about mechanisms of post-mating uterine inflammation in pigs, which seem to resemble those in horses. The major focus of this review is the horse, but relevant literature is presented also on swine and cattle. Spermato... Read More 42
Sperm trajectories form chiral ribbons.
Scientific reports
April 17, 2013
Volume 3 1664 doi: 10.1038/srep01664
Su TW, Choi I, Feng J, Huang K, McLeod E, Ozcan A.We report the discovery of an entirely new three-dimensional (3D) swimming pattern observed in human and horse sperms. This motion is in the form of 'chiral ribbons', where the planar swing of the sperm head occurs on an osculating plane creating in some cases a helical ribbon and in some others a twisted ribbon. The latter, i.e., the twisted ribbon trajectory, also defines a minimal surface, exhibiting zero mean curvature for all the points on its surface. These chiral ribbon swimming patterns cannot be represented or understood by already known patterns of sperms or other micro-swimmers. The... Read More 41
Lipids and calcium uptake of sperm in relation to cold shock and preservation: a review.
Reproduction, fertility, and development
January 1, 1993
Volume 5, Issue 6 639-658 doi: 10.1071/rd9930639
White IG.When sperm of the ram, bull, boar and stallion are cold-shocked by rapid cooling to near freezing point, motility and metabolic activity are irreversibly depressed and the acrosome and plasma membrane disrupted. Ram sperm become susceptible to cold shock in the proximal corpus region of the epididymis when the cytoplasmic droplet has moved backwards to the distal portion of the sperm midpiece. The membrane constituents phospholipids and cholesterol are important in cold shock which causes loss of lipid from sperm. The susceptibility of sperm to cold shock is linked with a high ratio of unsatur... Read More 39
Oxidative stress, osmotic stress and apoptosis: impacts on sperm function and preservation in the horse.
Animal reproduction science
April 29, 2008
Volume 107, Issue 3-4 257-267 doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2008.04.014
Ball BA.Oxidative stress is an important component of the cytopathology of equine spermatozoa undergoing storage as liquid or frozen semen. Damage to chromatin, membranes and proteins of sperm are important components of oxidative damage to sperm. Similarly, sperm are exposed to a variety of osmotic stresses during storage that result from exposure to hypertonic media or result as a consequence of osmotic changes induced during freezing. A number of changes induced during processing and storage of equine sperm also appear to induce apoptotic-like changes which may adversely affect sperm survival and f... Read More 38
In vitro acute exposure to DEHP affects oocyte meiotic maturation, energy and oxidative stress parameters in a large animal model.
PloS one
November 4, 2011
Volume 6, Issue 11 e27452 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027452
Ambruosi B, Uranio MF, Sardanelli AM, Pocar P, Martino NA, Paternoster MS, Amati F, Dell'Aquila ME.Phthalates are ubiquitous environmental contaminants because of their use in plastics and other common consumer products. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is the most abundant phthalate and it impairs fertility by acting as an endocrine disruptor. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effects of in vitro acute exposure to DEHP on oocyte maturation, energy and oxidative status in the horse, a large animal model. Cumulus cell (CC) apoptosis and oxidative status were also investigated. Cumulus-oocyte complexes from the ovaries of slaughtered mares were cultured in vitro in presence of... Read More 38
The paradoxical relationship between stallion fertility and oxidative stress.
Biology of reproduction
July 30, 2014
Volume 91, Issue 3 77 doi: 10.1095/biolreprod.114.118539
Gibb Z, Lambourne SR, Aitken RJ.The relationship between stallion fertility and oxidative stress remains poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to identify criteria for thoroughbred fertility assessment by performing a logistical regression analysis using "dismount" sperm parameters as predictors and weekly per-cycle conception rate as the dependent variable. Paradoxically, positive relationships between fertility and oxidative stress were revealed, such that samples that produced pregnancies exhibited higher rates of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine release (1490.2% vs. 705.5 pg/ml/24 h) and lower vitality (60.5% vs. 6... Read More 34
Refined genome-wide comparative map of the domestic horse, donkey and human based on cross-species chromosome painting: insight into the occasional fertility of mules.
Chromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biology
February 27, 2004
Volume 12, Issue 1 65-76 doi: 10.1023/b:chro.0000009298.02689.8a
Yang F, Fu B, O'Brien PC, Nie W, Ryder OA, Ferguson-Smith MA.We have made a complete set of painting probes for the domestic horse by degenerate oligonucleotide-primed PCR amplification of flow-sorted horse chromosomes. The horse probes, together with a full set of those available for human, were hybridized onto metaphase chromosomes of human, horse and mule. Based on the hybridization results, we have generated genome-wide comparative chromosome maps involving the domestic horse, donkey and human. These maps define the overall distribution and boundaries of evolutionarily conserved chromosomal segments in the three genomes. Our results shed further lig... Read More 34
Prostaglandins and reproduction in female farm animals.
Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)
January 26, 2005
Volume 171, Issue 2 206-228 doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2004.11.014
Weems CW, Weems YS, Randel RD.Prostaglandins impact on ovarian, uterine, placental, and pituitary function to regulate reproduction in female livestock. They play important roles in ovulation, luteal function, maternal recognition of pregnancy, implantation, maintenance of gestation, microbial-induced abortion, parturition, postpartum uterine and ovarian infections, and resumption of postpartum ovarian cyclicity. Prostaglandins have both positive and negative effects on reproduction; they are used to synchronize oestrus, terminate pseudopregnancy in mares, induce parturition, and treat retained placenta, luteinized cysts, ... Read More 34
Contraceptive vaccines for wildlife: a review.
American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989)
April 19, 2011
Volume 66, Issue 1 40-50 doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0897.2011.01003.x
Kirkpatrick JF, Lyda RO, Frank KM.Wildlife, free-ranging and captive, poses and causes serious population problems not unlike those encountered with human overpopulation. Traditional lethal control programs, however, are not always legal, wise, safe, or publicly acceptable; thus, alternative approaches are necessary. Immunocontraception of free-ranging wildlife has reached the management level, with success across a large variety of species. Thus far, the immunocontraceptive research and management applications emphasis have been centered on porcine zona pellucida and gonadotropin-releasing hormone vaccines. Contraceptive succ... Read More 33
Horse Y chromosome assembly displays unique evolutionary features and putative stallion fertility genes.
Nature communications
July 27, 2018
Volume 9, Issue 1 2945 doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-05290-6
Janeu010dka JE, Davis BW, Ghosh S, Paria N, Das PJ, Orlando L, Schubert M, Nielsen MK, Stout TAE, Brashear W, Li G, Johnson CD, Metz RP, Zadjali AMA....Dynamic evolutionary processes and complex structure make the Y chromosome among the most diverse and least understood regions in mammalian genomes. Here, we present an annotated assembly of the male specific region of the horse Y chromosome (eMSY), representing the first comprehensive Y assembly in odd-toed ungulates. The eMSY comprises single-copy, equine specific multi-copy, PAR transposed, and novel ampliconic sequence classes. The eMSY gene density approaches that of autosomes with the highest number of retained X-Y gametologs recorded in eutherians, in addition to novel Y-born and transp... Read More 33
A gene catalogue of the euchromatic male-specific region of the horse Y chromosome: comparison with human and other mammals.
PloS one
July 25, 2011
Volume 6, Issue 7 e21374 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0021374
Paria N, Raudsepp T, Pearks Wilkerson AJ, O'Brien PC, Ferguson-Smith MA, Love CC, Arnold C, Rakestraw P, Murphy WJ, Chowdhary BP.Studies of the Y chromosome in primates, rodents and carnivores provide compelling evidence that the male specific region of Y (MSY) contains functional genes, many of which have specialized roles in spermatogenesis and male-fertility. Little similarity, however, has been found between the gene content and sequence of MSY in different species. This hinders the discovery of species-specific male fertility genes and limits our understanding about MSY evolution in mammals. Here, a detailed MSY gene catalogue was developed for the horse--an odd-toed ungulate. Using direct cDNA selection from horse... Read More 32
Stallion sperm transcriptome comprises functionally coherent coding and regulatory RNAs as revealed by microarray analysis and RNA-seq.
PloS one
February 11, 2013
Volume 8, Issue 2 e56535 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056535
Das PJ, McCarthy F, Vishnoi M, Paria N, Gresham C, Li G, Kachroo P, Sudderth AK, Teague S, Love CC, Varner DD, Chowdhary BP, Raudsepp T.Mature mammalian sperm contain a complex population of RNAs some of which might regulate spermatogenesis while others probably play a role in fertilization and early development. Due to this limited knowledge, the biological functions of sperm RNAs remain enigmatic. Here we report the first characterization of the global transcriptome of the sperm of fertile stallions. The findings improved understanding of the biological significance of sperm RNAs which in turn will allow the discovery of sperm-based biomarkers for stallion fertility. The stallion sperm transcriptome was interrogated by analy... Read More 32
The absence of ER-β results in altered gene expression in ovarian granulosa cells isolated from in vivo preovulatory follicles.
Endocrinology
April 11, 2013
Volume 154, Issue 6 2174-2187 doi: 10.1210/en.2012-2256
Binder AK, Rodriguez KF, Hamilton KJ, Stockton PS, Reed CE, Korach KS.Determining the spatial and temporal expression of genes involved in the ovulatory pathway is critical for the understanding of the role of each estrogen receptor in the modulation of folliculogenesis and ovulation. Estrogen receptor (ER)-β is highly expressed in ovarian granulosa cells, and mice lacking ER-β are subfertile due to inefficient ovulation. Previous work has focused on isolated granulosa cells or cultured follicles and, although informative, provides confounding results due to the heterogeneous cell types present including granulosa and theca cells and oocytes and exposure to in... Read More 31
Use of peanut agglutinin to assess the acrosomal status and the zona pellucida-induced acrosome reaction in stallion spermatozoa.
Journal of andrology
November 1, 1996
Volume 17, Issue 6 674-682
Cheng FP, Fazeli A, Voorhout WF, Marks A, Bevers MM, Colenbrander B.Peanut agglutinin (PNA) was used to assess the sperm acrosomal status and the acrosome reaction during gamete interaction in the equine species. PNA exclusively binds to the outer acrosomal membrane of stallion spermatozoa, as was established by transmission electron microscopy. Fluorescein isothiocyanate-PNA (FITC-PNA) labeling was used to monitor sperm acrosomal changes during a prolonged incubation period of 24 hours and during a 2-hours incubation in the presence of 5 microM calcium ionophore A23187. In addition, after a 4-hours preincubation in SP-TALP medium, sperm samples were incubated... Read More 31
Effects of age on follicular fluid exosomal microRNAs and granulosa cell transforming growth factor-β signalling during follicle development in the mare.
Reproduction, fertility, and development
May 7, 2015
Volume 27, Issue 6 897-905 doi: 10.1071/RD14452
da Silveira JC, Winger QA, Bouma GJ, Carnevale EM.Age-related decline in fertility is a consequence of low oocyte number and/or low oocyte competence resulting in pregnancy failure. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signalling is a well-studied pathway involved in follicular development and ovulation. Recently, small non-coding RNAs, namely microRNAs (miRNAs), have been demonstrated to regulate several members of this pathway; miRNAs are secreted inside small cell-secreted vesicles called exosomes. The overall goal of the present study was to determine whether altered exosome miRNA content in follicular fluid from old mares is associated wi... Read More 30
Relationships between uterine culture, cytology and pregnancy rates in a Thoroughbred practice.
Theriogenology
June 21, 2007
Volume 68, Issue 3 395-402 doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2007.05.050
Riddle WT, LeBlanc MM, Stromberg AJ.Endometrial cytology and culture specimens (n=2123) were collected concurrently with a guarded uterine culture instrument from 970 mares (738 barren, 1230 foaling and 155 maiden mares) during three breeding seasons (2001-2004). Results were compared to the 28-d pregnancy rate for the cycle from which the samples were taken. Cytological smears were evaluated for inflammation at x100 and graded as: not inflammatory (0-2 neutrophils/field), moderate inflammation (2-5 neutrophils/field), severe inflammation (>5 neutrophils/field), or hypocellular (scant epithelial cells and no neutrophils). Ute... Read More 29
Involvement of miRNAs in equine follicle development.
Reproduction (Cambridge, England)
July 31, 2013
Volume 146, Issue 3 273-282 doi: 10.1530/REP-13-0107
Schauer SN, Sontakke SD, Watson ED, Esteves CL, Donadeu FX.Previous evidence from in vitro studies suggests specific roles for a subset of miRNAs, including miR-21, miR-23a, miR-145, miR-503, miR-224, miR-383, miR-378, miR-132, and miR-212, in regulating ovarian follicle development. The objective of this study was to determine changes in the levels of these miRNAs in relation to follicle selection, maturation, and ovulation in the monovular equine ovary. In Experiment 1, follicular fluid was aspirated during ovulatory cycles from the dominant (DO) and largest subordinate (S) follicles of an ovulatory wave and the dominant (DA) follicle of a mid-cycle... Read More 29
CatSper and the relationship of hyperactivated motility to intracellular calcium and pH kinetics in equine sperm.
Biology of reproduction
November 27, 2013
Volume 89, Issue 5 123 doi: 10.1095/biolreprod.113.111708
Loux SC, Crawford KR, Ing NH, Gonzu00e1lez-Fernu00e1ndez L, Macu00edas-Garcu00eda B, Love CC, Varner DD, Velez IC, Choi YH, Hinrichs K.In vitro fertilization does not occur readily in the horse. This may be related to failure of equine sperm to initiate hyperactivated motility, as treating with procaine to induce hyperactivation increases fertilization rates. In mice, hyperactivated motility requires a sperm-specific pH-gated calcium channel (CatSper); therefore, we investigated this channel in equine sperm. Motility was assessed by computer-assisted sperm motility analysis and changes in intracellular pH and calcium were assessed using fluorescent probes. Increasing intracellular pH induced a rise in intracellular calcium, w... Read More 28
Reproductive cycles of horses.
Animal reproduction science
February 18, 2011
Volume 124, Issue 3-4 220-228 doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2011.02.005
Aurich C.Horses are long-day breeders. During the breeding season, cycle length is about 22 days with 5-7 days of oestrus. Gonadotroph cells are localized in the pars distalis as well the pars tuberalis of the pituitary and heterogeneity in the pattern of LH and FSH storage within the gonadotroph population is considered the basis for the differential regulation of gonadotrophin secretion throughout the reproductive cycle. No short and distinct periovulatory LH peak exists in the mare. The equine ovary has an extreme large size and weight. One to two major follicular waves develop per cycle. The preovu... Read More 28
Reproductive efficiency of intensively managed Thoroughbred mares in Newmarket.
Equine veterinary journal
February 2, 2002
Volume 34, Issue 1 51-60 doi: 10.2746/042516402776181222
Morris LH, Allen WR.The findings of a retrospective survey of 1393 Thoroughbred mares visiting 22 studfarms in the Newmarket region of the UK during the 1998 mating season were compared with those of a similar study undertaken in 1983. The effects of mare age and status, stallion, month of mating, application of uterine treatments and other parameters on the rates of singleton and twin conception and subsequent pregnancy losses were analysed. Mare age and status significantly affected the per cycle pregnancy rate and the incidence of pregnancy loss. Overall, the mean number of matings per oestrus was 1.12 and the... Read More 28
Evaluation of in vitro capacitation of stallion spermatozoa.
Biology of reproduction
July 24, 2001
Volume 65, Issue 2 462-470 doi: 10.1095/biolreprod65.2.462
Rathi R, Colenbrander B, Bevers MM, Gadella BM.The primary aim of this study was to establish a flow cytometric technique for determining the capacitation status of stallion spermatozoa. To this end, a flow cytometric technique that demonstrates changes in plasma membrane fluidity; namely, merocyanine 540 staining, was compared with the more conventional Ca(2+)-dependent fluorescence microscopic technique, chlortetracycline (CTC) staining, for assessing capacitation status. In addition, the effect of bicarbonate/CO(2) on the progress of capacitation and the acrosome reaction (AR) and on temporal changes in sperm motility, with particular r... Read More 28
Assessment of equine sperm mitochondrial function using JC-1.
Theriogenology
September 1, 2000
Volume 53, Issue 9 1691-1703 doi: 10.1016/s0093-691x(00)00308-3
Gravance CG, Garner DL, Baumber J, Ball BA.The fluorescent carbocyanine dye, JC-1, labels mitochondria with high membrane potential orange and mitochondria with low membrane potential green. Evaluation of mitochondrial membrane potential with JC-1 has been used in a variety of cell types, including bull spermatozoa; however, JC-1 staining has not yet been reported for equine spermatozoa. The aim of this study was to apply JC-1 staining and assessment by flow cytometry or a fluorescence microplate reader for evaluation of mitochondrial function of equine spermatozoa. Six ejaculates from four stallions were collected and centrifuged thro... Read More 28
Mammalian sperm DNA susceptibility to in situ denaturation associated with the presence of DNA strand breaks as measured by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase assay.
Journal of andrology
January 1, 1995
Volume 16, Issue 1 80-87
Sailer BL, Jost LK, Evenson DP.Sperm from four mammalian species were analyzed by the sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) and the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase assay (TdTA) using flow cytometry. The SCSA quantitates the susceptibility of sperm nuclear DNA to in situ acid denaturation, while the TdTA quantitates the presence of endogenous DNA strand breaks in sperm nuclear chromatin. Correlations were seen between the percentage of sperm cells showing susceptibility to in situ acid denaturation and the percentage of cells showing the presence of DNA strand breaks for humans (r = 0.56, P = 0.004), rams (r = 0.84, P... Read More 28
The mare model for follicular maturation and reproductive aging in the woman.
Theriogenology
October 31, 2007
Volume 69, Issue 1 23-30 doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2007.09.011
Carnevale EM.Reproductive aging and assisted reproduction are becoming progressively more relevant in human medicine. Research with human subjects is limited in many aspects, and consequently animal models may have considerable utility. Such models have provided insight into follicular function, oocyte maturation, and reproductive aging. However, models are often selected based on factors other than physiological or functional similarities. Although the mare has received limited attention as a model for reproduction in women, comparisons between these species indicate that the mare has many attributes of a... Read More 28
Mechanisms for dominant follicle selection in monovulatory species: a comparison of morphological, endocrine and intraovarian events in cows, mares and women.
Reproduction in domestic animals = Zuchthygiene
July 25, 2008
Volume 43 Suppl 2 48-56 doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01142.x
Mihm M, Evans AC.The selection of a single ovarian follicle for further differentiation and finally ovulation is a shared phenomenon in monovulatory species from different phylogenetic classes. The commonality of dominant follicle (DF) development leads us to hypothesize that mechanisms for DF selection are conserved. This review highlights similarities and differences in follicular wave growth between cows, mares and women, addresses the commonality of the transient rises in FSH concentrations, and discusses the follicular secretions oestradiol and inhibin with their regulatory roles for FSH. In all three spe... Read More 27
