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Topic:Veterinary Research
Veterinary research in horses encompasses the study of diseases, health management, and medical treatments specific to equine species. This field investigates various aspects of horse health, including infectious diseases, metabolic disorders, and musculoskeletal conditions. Researchers focus on understanding the pathophysiology of equine ailments, developing diagnostic tools, and evaluating therapeutic interventions. The study of horse health also involves examining preventive measures such as vaccination protocols and nutritional management to promote overall well-being. This page collects peer-reviewed research studies and scholarly articles that explore the diverse areas of veterinary science related to horses, providing insights into disease mechanisms, treatment strategies, and advancements in equine healthcare.
Androstenedione and testosterone biosynthesis by the adrenal cortex of the horse. An homogenate from cortical tissue of mare adrenals was incubated in the presence of tritiated pregnenolone. The (3H) androstenedione and the (3H) testosterone synthesized during the incubation were extracted, purified, and co-crystallized to constant specific activity in the presence of unlabeled carriers. The rate of conversion of pregnenolone to androstenedione and testosterone was of the order of 5 and 0.15 per cent respectively. The high ratio of (3H) androstenedione to (3H) testosterone observed in this study suggests that androstenedione is the main androgen produced by mare adrenals. I...
Effect of exogenous gonadal steroids and pregnancy on uterine luminal prostaglandin F in mares. Two experiments were conducted to assess the effect of exogenous hormone treatment on uterine luminal prostaglandin F (PGF). In the first experiment ovariectomized pony mares received either corn oil (21 days, n = 3), estradiol valerate (21 days, n = 3), progesterone (21 days, n = 3) or estradiol valerate (7 days) followed by progesterone (14 days, n = 4). Progesterone treated mares had higher (P less than .01) uterine luminal PGF compared with all other groups, and no differences were detected between other treatment comparisons. In Experiment II, uterine fluid was collected from 4 ovariectom...
Isolation and characteristics of an equine reovirus type 3 and an antibody prevalence survey to reoviruses in horses located in New York State. Reoviruses have been isolated from a number of species including human, bovine, feline, canine and equine. In most species they seem to produce mild to inapparent disease. We have isolated a reovirus type 3 from a foal with diarrhea. The virus designated the Ralph strain has been propagated in both the MA-104 and A-72 cell lines. The strain produced cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in these cell cultures. Tissue-cultured virus fixed complement in the presence of reovirus antibodies, but failed to do so in the presence of rotavirus antiserum. By electron microscopy the viral particle measured +/- 6...
Analgesic effects of butorphanol in horses: dose-response studies. The analgesic effects of butorphanol (0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 mg/kg), pentazocine (2.2 mg/kg), and butorphanol vehicle (0.04 ml/kg) were observed in 6 horses. These horses were instrumented to measure response objectively to painful superficial and visceral stimuli. The tested drugs were given IV according to a Latin square design. After preinjection base-line measurements were made, the analgesic effects were observed at 15 and 30 minutes and then at 30-minute intervals until postinjection minute 240. Analgesic effects of butorphanol were dose-related, with durations between 15 and 90 minutes...
Purification and characterization of epimeric estradiol dehydrogenases (17 alpha and 17 beta) from equine placenta. Estradiol 17 alpha-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.148) and estradiol 17 beta-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.62) from horse placenta have been purified to homogeneity. Both enzymes are localized in the microsomal fraction and are solubilized in 1.5% sodium cholate. The 17 alpha- and 17 beta-dehydrogenases are separated by selective elution from hydroxylapatite with 0.5 and 1.0 M potassium phosphate, respectively. Subsequent purification is achieved by two affinity-absorption steps using reactive blue 2-agarose and estriol hemisuccinate-Sepharose. Homogeneous estradiol 17 alpha-dehydrogenase has a specific ac...
GuHC1 induced unfolding-folding transition of a hinge-bending protein: horse muscle phosphoglycerate kinase. The unfolding-folding transition of phosphoglycerate kinase induced by GuHC1 was studied at equilibrium. Various signals were used to follow the transition: fluorescence emission, difference spectra, circular dichroism and enzymatic activity. The non-coincidence of transition curves obtained from different structural parameters indicate a deviation from a two-state process. The view that structural domains behave as independent "folding units" is critically discussed.
Urolithiasis in the horse – a review of 13 cases. The presenting signs, treatment and postoperative progress of 13 horses with vesical and urethral calculi are reviewed. Single, discrete stones were present in 10 animals in which the results of treatment were generally good. In three horses with sabulous cystic deposits, urolithiasis was associated with bladder paralysis and the response to treatment was poor.
[Anesthesia in the horse]. The paper describes the problems of injection anaesthesia in the horse. Different commonly used methods, drugs and drug combinations are explained. Their actions and side-effects are compared and discussed.
Pharmacokinetics of ascorbic acid in horses. The pharmacokinetics of ascorbic acid were studied in 29 horses after intravenous (iv), subcutaneous, intramuscular (im) and oral administration. Following iv injection of 5 and 10 g ascorbic acid, respectively, a biphasic decline of ascorbic acid serum levels was found, indicating that the vitamin distributes in the body according to a two-compartment open model. The apparent volume of distribution (average value for Vd(ss) = 0.6 litre/kg) was approximately equivalent to the volume of total body water. The terminal half-life of the biexponential serum level-time curve (t1/2 beta) varied betwe...
[Hypophyseal adenocarcinoma in a horse. A case study]. The paper presents the case-history of a 5-year-old pony suffering from an adenocarcinoma which proceeded from the pars intermedia of the pituitary gland. Neurological and patho-morphological findings are reported.
[Medial motor nucleus in the lumbosacral segment of the spinal cord of the horse]. The studies carried out on 2 spinal cords of horses showed that cells of the medial motor nucleus (nucleus motorius medialis) are present in all neuromers of the lumbar and sacral segment of the spinal cord. It lies in the medial part of grey matter of the ventral column, neighbouring laterally and ventrally with cells of the lateral motor nucleus, whereas dorsally with cells of the nucleus of the ventral commissural horn. Along the nucleus numerous constrictions and intervals are found, which are connected with various numbers of nerve cells in particular cross-sections.
The geometry of the cruciate ligaments in the canine and equine knee joint, a Tchebychev mechanism. The ratio between the length of the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments and the distance between their femoral and tibial attachments in the canine and equine knee joint reveals that these structures form a Tchebychev mechanism for parallel motion.
Suppressor lymphocyte activity in normal and immunodeficient horses. Equine lymphocytes incubated with Con A and isolated on discontinuous BSA density gradients suppressed mixed lymphocyte reactions in a cell dose- and Con A dose-dependent manner. Suppressor lymphocytes were radiosensitive, even after the initial Con A incubation phase was completed. Suppressor activity was consistently demonstrated using peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes from normal horses, but was absent in thymus cells and variably present in lymph node cells. Suppressor lymphocytes were present in horses with selective IgM deficiency, and within neoplastic lymph nodes from a horse wit...
Comparison of ELY-2.1 with blood group and ELY-1 markers in the horse. The distribution of ELY-2 was compared to the distribution of blood group factors Aa, Ab, Ac, Ae, Ca, Da, Db, Dc, Dd, De, Df, Dh, Dk, Ka, Pa, Pb, X, Qa, Qc, Ua, and W in 2465 American Standardbred horses and to ELY-1 in 193 American Standardbred horses. The distribution patterns were different in each case. The segregation of ELY-2.1 and factors at the A, C, D, K, P, Q, U and T (W) blood group loci and at the ELA locus indicated that ELY-2.1 is not a product of any of those loci. No segregation data were available for the ELY-1 locus. Family studies indicated that the gene for ELY-2.1 is not s...
Adrenergic receptors in the urethra and prostate of the horse. The presence and types of alpha and beta adrenergic receptors in the urethra and prostate of the horse were studied in vitro using adrenergic agonist and antagonist drugs. The existence of these receptors was shown. This finding was based on the observation that the contractile action was mediated by adrenergic receptors of alpha-1 type, although in the prostate alpha-2 type receptors also participated. Relaxation in both tissues was controlled by receptors of the beta-2 type.
